Violence risk and gang affiliation in youth offenders: a recidivism study

Abstract

Youth gangs are ubiquitous around the world and have been problematic for the social and criminal justice agencies. Despite widespread public concern, there has been relatively scarce empirical scrutiny of youth gangs internationally and little outside of America and Europe. In particular, the activities of youth gangs, the function of gang membership, the criminogenic needs of gang-affiliated youth, and the risk of criminal recidivism for gang-affiliated youth remain unclear. Against this background, this study explored the sociodemographic characteristics, risk and rate of criminal recidivism in a cohort of 165 male youth offenders in Singapore, of which 58 were gang-affiliated. Multivariate analyses revealed that gang-affiliated youth offenders were significantly more likely to have histories of substance use, weapon use and violence than nongang-affiliated youth offenders. Gang-affiliated offenders also scored higher on measures of risk for recidivism (SAVRY and YLS/CMI), and engaged in violent and other criminal behaviors more frequently during follow-up. These differences indicate a significant relationship between gang affiliation and criminal recidivism in youth offenders. Furthermore, these findings have important clinical and policy implications, indicating an increased requirement for additional and more intensive assessment and tailored interventions for gang-affiliated youth offenders.     

光学式和电容式指纹采集器的检测与比对

随着指纹信息在居民身份证工作中的应用,指纹采集器的生产和销售得到快速发展,然而市场上产品质量良莠不齐,因此,根据《居民身份证指纹采集器通用技术要求(GA/T1011-2012)》对市场上身份证指纹采集器产品进行公开、公平、公正、科学的检测,对保障指纹采集工作的顺利进行起着重要作用.本文通过对指纹采集器检测结果的数据统计,分析对比了送检的光学式和电容式指纹采集器的分辨率、畸变率、采集时间、电磁兼容以及环境试验等性能特点,并对该产品今后的生产、监管及发展提出了意见和建议.     

复杂性科学视域下利益冲突的防范与治理

复杂性科学实现了对传统科学思维范式的超越和革命,运用复杂性思维方法审视利益冲突诱发原因、主要表征和治理机制具有重要启示意义。利益冲突的复杂性特征表现在四个方面:一是利益冲突主体的不确定性,二是利益冲突形式的多样性,三是利益冲突发生领域的多层次性,四是利益冲突发生环境的生成性。有效化解利益冲突,建立行之有效的利益冲突干预机制单用线性方法、略去非线性因素、用模型去描述、做局部先行处理是不可行的,需要用无序思维、分形思维和生成思维重新构设利益冲突防范与治理机制。     

中国监狱对服刑罪犯人权保障的全面性和真实性

中国监狱对服刑罪犯人权的保障是全面的、真实的。主要表现 :一是把罪犯当人看待是我国监狱对罪犯人权保障的出发点 ;二是把罪犯改造成为守法公民 ,是对罪犯人权最富有实质性的保障 ;三是罪犯在服刑期间享有广泛而具体的权利 ;四是形成了比较完备的罪犯人权保障措施体系。展望其发展前景 ,我国对服刑罪犯权利的保障必然会不断得到发展和完善。     

未完全理论化协议理论及其功能分析——基于孙斯坦与德沃金理论的比较研究

在各种不确定性中获得富有确定性的解决问题之道正越来越成为现代社会的主流实践方式。未完全理论化协议理论是这一主流实践方式在法律、政治和社会等领域的具体表达式。波普尔的"三个世界"理论构成该理论的哲学基础。孙斯坦与德沃金各执该理论一端,比较梳理二者观点差异能够凸显该理论的基本主张及其理论与实践价值。     

我国部分省市区监狱人民警察EPQ测试研究

我国监狱民警的人格特征直接影响到自身的健康以及监管改造工作,通过对五省市监狱民警的艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测试,得出如下结论,监狱民警性格内向显著;监狱民警情绪稳定突出;监狱民警关心他人、心肠柔软、温柔、善感。     

东方海上丝绸之路视角下的中韩合作探析

东方海上丝绸之路古已有之,源远流长。这条古代东方海上丝绸之路在2013年重新焕发出新的活力。沿着这条东方海上丝绸之路,中韩两国互利合作,硕果累累,于2015年签署自由贸易协定。在此利好基础上,中韩两国应当继续携手合作,奋发作为,将中国的"一带一路"战略与韩国的"欧亚倡议"充分有效对接,让中韩之间的这条东方海上丝绸之路成为两国世代友好、共生共赢的纽带。     

推进社会主义核心价值观青年化的三重维度

构建社会主义核心价值观青年化的实现路径,要加强政党的宏观调控,把握高校的空间特点,要构建青年话语的表达体系,发挥共青团的媒介作用,增强社会主义核心价值观对青年的吸引力、感染力和影响力。     

Good Policy of Enriching People Transforms Poor Mountain Areas

From June 11 to 16, 2012, together with other members of the CPAFFC fact-finding mission, I went to a mountainous area in southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.During the six days we traveled over 1,800 kilometers and visited one city and twelve prefectures and counties.The highlight of our mission was to make on-the-spot investigation in the Xihaigu area, known for its poverty and considered by the United Nations as one of the least     

基于CIPP模型的广西警察院校法学课程评估体系研究

判断学校课程质量的高低,离不开课程评估和课程评价。以形成性评估理论的CIPP模型为理论基础,尝试构建广西警察院校法学课程的评估体系,以期丰富我国教育评估和课程评估的研究内容,也为形成性评估理论在我国课程评估应用中的实证研究提供理论依据。