Postmortem chest computed tomography for the diagnosis of drowning:a feasibility study

It may be difficult to distinguish the cause of death in drowning cases without specific findings. The aim of this study was to explore the forensic value of thoracic postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) using routine images and three-dimensional (3D) image reconstructions. The imaging data of PMCT examinations of six drowning cadavers, aged 21–54 years, were analyzed. Twelve victims of sudden death from coronary artery disease (CAD) were chosen as a control group. After 3D bilateral lung images were reconstructed using image processing software, an interactive medical image control system was used to measure and analyze parameters including lung volume, lung volume ratio, mean CT value of the whole lung, and lung CT value distribution curves. Lung volume and lung volume ratio were used to assess the shape changes of the lung. Lung CT value distribution curves showed the corresponding number of pixels of the different CT values in the lung image. Lung volume was not significantly larger in drowning cases (mean 2 958 cm³) than in controls (mean 2 342 cm³). Lung volume ratio values in the drowning group (mean 0.3156) were greater than those in the control group (mean 0.2763); (P = 0.02). There was no significant difference between the drowning and control group in the mean CT value of the whole lung. There were differences between lung CT value distribution curves in drowning victims and controls, with drowning victims showing a single peak and CAD cases showing a bimodal distribution. Thoracic PMCT is helpful for the forensic medical diagnosis of drowning. Lung volume ratio and lung CT value distribution are potential indicators to distinguish between drowning and CAD.     

刍议我国劳动争议处理机制存在的问题

依照《劳动法》以及相关规定,我国劳动争议处理机制可以概括为“一调一裁两审”。然而实践表明这样的处理机制存在诸多问题,并不利于保护劳动者的合法权益。本文选择劳动争议调解委员会与劳动争议仲裁委员会对于劳动争议的处理,对此进行探讨和说明。     

劳动合同形式探析

我国《劳动法》规定劳动合同应当书面订立,但现实中不签订书面劳动合同形成的事实劳动关系大量存在。放松对劳动合同的形式要求,将口头合同形成的事实劳动关系纳入劳动法范围并加以倾斜性的保护,引导劳动关系当事人特别是用人单位签订书面劳动合同,是一个符合合同本意,理性和现实的选择。而最重要的是这一选择符合劳动法的根本立法宗旨,有利于对劳动者的保护,协调、稳定劳动关系。     

新冠肺炎疫情期间公安法医应当加强尸体甄别和个体防护

因鉴定体制特点,公安法医除参与尸体有关的现场勘查工作外,还需进行尸体检验工作。在此过程中,可能面对很多风险,受伤和中毒等事件时有发生。然而,国内公安法医对新冠肺炎等传染病流行期间死亡的尸体如何甄别进行尸体检验鉴定,对现场勘查及尸体检验工作的防护只有少量规定,且内容不够详尽。本文对法医在现场勘查中遇到的尸体及尸体检验中实验室建设、职业现状、风险评估及防范措施等进行了论述。最后,建议出台相关的制度规定等具体约束规范措施,以保障公安法医现场勘查及尸体检验工作的顺利进行,以解除基层鉴定机构和鉴定人的后顾之忧。     

论纵向非价格限制的反垄断规制

纵向非价格限制是市场竞争中的常见形式,但主要法域的法律实施对现实回应缺乏有效性和连贯性,中国《反垄断法》亦未对其作出明文规定而使法律实施处于不确定状态。比较分析欧盟法和美国法就纵向非价格限制的规制发展出来的逻辑与经验类型,可以确立:以品牌内竞争限制为起点从而影响品牌间竞争的经销限制应为纵向非价格限制反垄断规制的规范类型。进而,对其实施反垄断规制的进路,应以“品牌内-品牌间”竞争为分析主轴,考察规制的结构性因素和规制区间,分析反竞争影响与层次、确认效率及其促进竞争转化。最后,至关重要的是,要明确纵向垄断协议作为独立规范类型的内在逻辑、形成区格于横向垄断协议和滥用市场支配地位的分析方法。     

论未成年人独立主体地位与保护法的科学性、实践性

承认未成年人的特殊独立主体地位对于制定完善的、有创造性、针对性、实效性的未成年人保护法律,构建科学的、严密的、能动的未成年人保护体系至关重要。本文探讨了如何在未成年人保护法中体现未成年人的特殊独立主体地位,及这一独立主体地位对未成年人保护法修改的一些突破性要求。     

积极参与全球治理 推动人类命运共同体的建构——深入学习十九届四中全会精神

积极参与全球治理,是新时代中国特色国际统战的必然要求。人类命运共同体的建构与共产主义的实现具有本质上的共同性。中国积极参与全球治理,这不仅有助于实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,还能够增强发展中国家参与国际事务的信心,有利于推动国际秩序良性发展和国际机制的完善。在中国共产党的领导下,中国充分发挥大国外交特色,利用主场外交和多边外交等方式,在传统领域和新兴领域积极参与全球治理,承担大国责任,不断提升国际影响力和话语权,积极推进人类命运共同体的建构,为维护世界的和平与发展贡献中国力量。     

现代化进程中的文化危机与自信

在现代化进程中我们始终面临着文化危机。为应对文化危机的挑战,我们对中国特色社会主义文化进行了重新建构。这种建构使我们初步找回了文化上的自信,但至少还有三个问题需要反思。如何在反思中筑牢文化自信的根基,则提出了四个应对策略。     

社区治理视域下的社区健康文化建设

解决健康文化发展供需不均衡的矛盾,将“发展健康文化”融入社区治理体系,是构建全社会健康文化的微中观基础、形成多元参与的发展格局、促进社区资源整合、提升建设灵活性与创新性的重要举措。据此,面对现阶段我国社区健康文化建设中存在的各类梗阻,应通过构筑社区健康文化协同治理体系、培育健康类和文化类社会组织、创新社区健康文化发展模式、加强监督与评估等路径,充分发挥社区治理的体系优势,助推健康文化振兴发展。     

Activists playing a dual role: identities,organizational goals,and public relations practices

• This study explores the relationship among identities, goals, and public relations practices of an activist organization through in‐depth interviews and document analysis. Findings suggest different levels of the participant organization's identity in communication with its different audiences. In playing its dual role (as a “public” to its target organizations and a “public communicator” to its own publics), the organization acts as an honest representative voice and a credible source of information to both parties, a process that requires a balance position compatible with its mission. Its public relations practices were found to be consistent with the identities it appropriates and the values it respects.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.