The Spring 2011 Landtag Elections: Regional Specificities or National Electoral Dynamics?

The year 2011 is a Superwahljahr in Germany, with five states (Hamburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Bremen) holding Land-level elections in the spring and two more (Berlin and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) following in the autumn. The debate on the ‘second-order’ nature of Land elections – whether they are to be understood by their own regionally specific dynamics or whether they primarily serve as a proxy for national electoral trends – provides the frame for this election report and its discussion of campaigns, election results and coalition outcomes. These elections could perhaps best be described as ‘one-and-a-half-order’ elections: in some of these elections there was evidence of national electoral trends and national political issues, and voters undoubtedly rendered something of a judgement on the federal coalition government. Nevertheless, election and coalition outcomes probably had more to do with the specific political conditions prevailing in each of these states than with any overarching national dynamic.     

Weiwen at the Grassroots: China’s stability maintenance apparatus as a means of conflict resolution

This article assesses stability maintenance (weiwen) as a means of conflict resolution in China. It argues that the resolution of local disputes in China, particularly outside cities, is now being influenced and facilitated by the discourse and practice of stability maintenance, rather than legal methods and traditional mediation processes. This conclusion adds to the existing academic views of stability maintenance, which have previously emphasized social control to the exclusion of almost all else, and suggests that stability maintenance-focused conflict resolution may have practical benefits to Chinese citizens, given the state’s withdrawal from legal conflict resolution methods and its ambiguous attitude towards mediation.     

When tinkering is not enough: provincial reform to manage health care resources

Abstract: Prompted by fiscal deficits and guided by recommendations of provincial review commissions, a number of provinces are restructuring their health care systems to iniprove resource management. British Columbia, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia have published comprehensive plans for health care reforms. The plans reveal a diversity of management approaches, including devolved structures in British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Nova Scotia, strongly centralized, technocratic structures in Manitoba, and variations on these in the other provinces. Though impossible to judge a priori which approaches are most likely to improve management, a number of limitations can be observed in the newly created institutions that decrease the chances of achieving the stated goals. The changes represent a potential watershed in medicare's history as the provinces embark down divergent paths for planning and managing health care resources. They will provide an interesting natural experiment regarding the effectiveness of the alternative approaches to organizing health care systems as well as challenge some of medicare's principles and the concept of a national system. Sommaire: Sous la pression des déficits fiscaux et face aux recommandations de commissions d'enquête provinciales, plusieurs provinces restructurent actuellement leurs systêmes de santé pour améliorer la gestion des resources. La Colombie-Britannique, la Saskatchewan, le Manitoba, le Québec, le Nouveau-Brunswick et la Nouvelle-Éosse ont publié des plans détaillés de réforme de ces systèmes. Les plans adoptent toute une gamme de méthodes de gestion: des structures déléguées en Colombie-Britnnnique, en Saskatchewan et en Nouvelle-Écosse, des structures technocratiques fortement centralisées au Manitoba, et diverses variantes des deux dans les autres provinces. II est impossible de décider a priori quelles sont les méthodes les mieux adaptées pour améliorer la gestion, mais on peut d'ores et déjà noter, dans le cadre des institutions nouvellement créées, des limitations qui entravent la possibilité d'atteindre les objectifs énoncés. Ces changenients pourraient constituer un tournant critique dans l'évolution des systèmes d'assurance-maladie car les provinces empruntent maintenant des chemins divergents en ce qui concerne la planification et la gestion des ressources consacrées aux soins de santé Cela constituera une expérience empirique intéressante pour déterminer l'efficacité des diverses façons d'organiser les systèmes de soins de santé, tout en mettant en question certains principes de l'assurance-maladie ainsi que l'idée même d'un système national.