Tiananmen Square Protest and College Job Placement Reform in the 1980s

The Tiananmen Square massacre left a permanent scar on the Chinese government's legitimacy to govern. This article examines a little-known backdrop to the student movement: the college graduate job placement system reform and the civil service recruitment system reform that were rolled out together by the state in the mid to late 1980s. The two reforms were interlocking, because civil service jobs were the most desired jobs for graduates at the time. As the college job placement system reform placed a greater burden on the individual student to find a job for him or herself, the civil service recruitment system reform remained opaque. This led to strong student disaffection as graduates tended to believe that the forthcoming open job market was to be filled with more nepotism and less meritocracy and this perceived lack of fair recruitment opportunities extended to the greatly desired civil service jobs.     

西方核心价值构建经验及对我国的启示

随着改革开放的逐步深入,国内利益格局不断变化,利益矛盾日益突出,我国社会主义核心价值观传统构建途径面临着四方面问题。西方资本主义国家在核心价值观念构建中形成的保障法制化、主体多元化以及手段内隐化等三方面经验,对我国建设社会主义核心价值观具有重要启示。     

浅析加强中医药立法工作的必要性及对策

首先从保护中医药事业的健康顺利发展、规范中医药医疗保健市场以及增强我国中医药行业在国内外的竞争力三个方面论证了加强中医药立法的必要性,然后分析了我国中医药立法的现状,最后针对存在的缺乏专门的中医药立法、立法层级较低、操作性较差等主要问题,提出了加强中医药立法工作的对策,主要包括提升中医药专门性立法层级,加大对中医药的保护力度、加强中医药业监管,细化有关法律规定、强化相关法律责任以增强中医药立法操作性等。     

17例铁路货物列车“拖尸”案（事）件性质鉴别

铁路货物列车“拖尸”案（事）件是指受害人由于他杀、自杀、意外死亡等原因,尸体被货物列车从事发地拖运至发现地的案（事）件.在1991年-2012年上海局鉴定的17例货物列车“拖尸”案（事）件中,意外死亡12例、杀人碎尸1例、自杀1例、其他3例,死者以男性为主（16例）,多为乡村农民和盲流,死亡原因主要为机械性窒息和颅脑损伤.在17例货物列车“拖尸”案（事）件中,受害人多为缺乏铁路常识,无钱买票而爬乘货物列车的乡村农民或盲流,尸体通常多在货物列车终到站并多在卸货时被发现,由于尸体现场遭到人为或外在不同程度的破坏,增加了法医学鉴别的难度.     

台湾地区民法错误论评析及其借鉴——一个基于法律史和学术史的考察

电商标价错误案引发两岸民法学界对传统意思表示错误制度之共同关注.台湾地区民法错误论源自罗马法一德国法传统,并受到日本法的一定影响.在错误类型上,台湾地区民法沿袭德国“内容错误”与“表示行为错误”之界分,性质错误“视为”内容错误.在错误撤销上,创造性地增加了表意人过失要件之限制,相对人之可归责性亦成为影响表意人行使撤销权之考量要素.两岸民法错误论存在着内生机理上的共通,使得大陆民法错误论寻求台湾地区经验之借鉴成为可能.     

Portable high‐resolution automated 3D imaging for footwear and tire impression capture

The forensic science community raised the need for improved evidence recognition, collection, and visualization analytical instrumentation for field and laboratory use. While the 3D optical techniques for imaging static objects have been extensively studied, there is still a major gap between current knowledge and collecting high‐quality footwear and tire impression evidence. Among optical means for 3D imaging, digital fringe projection (DFP) techniques reconstruct 3D shape from phase information, achieving camera‐pixel spatial resolution. This paper presents a high‐resolution 3D imaging technology using DFP techniques dedicated to footwear and tire impression capture. We developed fully automated software algorithms and a graphical user interface (GUI) that allow anyone without training to operate for high‐quality 3D data capture. We performed accuracy evaluations and comparisons comparing with the commercial high‐end 3D scanner and carried out qualitative tests for various impressions comparing with the current practices. Overall, our technology achieves similar levels of accuracy and resolution with a high‐end commercially available 3D scanner, while having the merits of being (1) more affordable; (2) much easier to operate; and (3) more robust. Compared with the current practice of casting, our technology demonstrates its superiority because it (1) is non‐destructive; (2) collects more evidence detail than casts, especially when an impression is fragile; (3) requires less time and money to collect each piece of evidence; and (4) results in a digital file that can easily be shared with other examiners.     

清末民国检察文书的转型与司法现代化——基于司法档案的考察

清末以降的检察制度整体而言处在不断变革和进步之中,其文书的变化尤为明显,作为官方记录反映出司法现代化的进程。在检察制度建立之初,中国传统司法审判中最重要文书之一的批词被适用为主要的检察文书以为过渡,相应的起诉文书也初现雏形;南京国民政府时期,批词转变为近代化的规范文本,起诉书、上诉书现代化成型,其格式、内容也不断适应中央层面的现代化的改革需求,在短短二三十年间经历了从传统到现代的转型。然而形式上的检察文书快速转型与实际检察运作不一致的现象也凸显出近代中国在司法现代化过程中的根本性矛盾。     

日本专利体系中公知常识的举证与听证

一、问题的提出 在判断创造性时常遇到"公知常识"的问题.我国专利<审查指南>(在后面称为"审查指南")对"公知常识"的定义尚不明确,这样容易在专利申请人、代理人和审查员之间引起争议.     

社会主义新农村建设中的政府能力——公共产品的视角

社会主义新农村建设是我国现代化的一个关键环节.从一定意义上说,社会主义新农村的建设过程就是农村公共产品供给效率的改善及供给结构的优化过程.从公共产品的视角出发,有利于深入探讨社会主义新农村建设中政府能力的本质、问题与成因,政府与乡村自组织的关系等重要方面.我们认为,政府是农村公共产品的主要责任者,政府供给农村公共产品的程度与质量是政府能力的重要表现;农民的自组织化是提高农村公共产品供给效率及促进基层民主发展的内在要求;厘清政府与乡村自组织的关系是社会主义新农村建设的应有之义.推进社会主义新农村建设,要求政府既能够承担农村公共产品的供给责任,又能够在公共产品供给中处理好与乡村自组织的关系,为此,应当划分好政府在农村公共产品供给中的责任;改革乡村治理结构,提升基层政府的能力;培育农村自治组织,提高农村公共产品的供给效率;处理好政府与农村自组织的关系,促进农村基层民主的发展.     

《企业运营与发展》课程教学初探

首都职工素质教育工程的全面实施开创了职工教育的新模式,为职工终身学习创造了条件,得到了企业和职工的广泛欢迎,在社会上引起了强烈反响。作为一名授课教师,要对开展素质教育工程的意义有深刻的认识。在教学过程中注重与学员的交流。要根据考核要求,结合学员实际水平,确定授课重点。并注意结合成人学习特点,改变教学模式,引导学员主动参与教学活动,强化学员自主学习意识。