未保价快件限额赔偿格式条款效力之体裁检视

格式条款的效力问题一直是未保价快递赔偿纠纷中的焦点之一,我国学界对未保价快递格式条款已有实证研究成果,但是大部分实证研究缺乏系统性和综合性。文章基于自建的未保价快递案例数据库,以体裁分析为理论框架,对裁判文书进行了统计和分析,发现在认定未保价快递限额赔偿条款的效力时,法官在法律适用的逻辑上存在冲突,且在法条文本特定概念的解释方面存在争议;除适用法条之外,法官还适用事实推定规则来判定格式条款的效力,且在《中华人民共和国合同法》第39条是否为认定格式条款效力的必选语步方面存在分歧。基于上述发现,文章针对性地对各个问题进行了分析和阐释,并提出了相应的立法建议和实务解决路径,以期为完善快递立法、防止法官自由裁量权的滥用以及加强裁判文书说理的逻辑性和严密性提供参考价值。     

Semiotic Interpretation on Translation Principles of Legal Terms

Translation of legal terms, as the linguistic transfer and reconstruction of sign meanings with legal concepts, holds both the symbolic nature of language and the professionalism of law. This paper finds that two intra-semiotic subjective links are identified within the process of formulation, interpretation, translation and reception of legal terms, and analyzes the five translation principles of legal terms within the semiotic interpretation from Semantic Triangle Model, and Translation Triangle Model as well as its corresponding three elements — namely, Representation, Reference and Interpretant. In addition, it is suggested that corpus, by capturing micro translation features, has the guiding and nurturing significance for translation principles of legal terms and general legal translation.     

公安院校交通管理工程专业实战化教学思考——以江苏警官学院为例

实战化教学是公安院校学生教育培养工作的重要组成部分,对于全面提升学生综合素质、培养学生动手操作及指挥协调能力具有积极促进作用。进一步提升公安院校交通管理工程专业实战化教学的效果,需要根据专业实际情况,从教学理念、学时安排、教师投入、学生态度等方面入手进行不断完善,并形成相应有效的改进对策。     

法律实践如何面对“家庭”?

转型中国的法律实践在处理有关家庭伦理与亲情的问题上,采用了一些积极而又零散的做法。这种能动而混乱的实践逻辑,既表明转型中国家庭问题的复杂性,也反映出转型中国的法律实践还缺少一个统一的家庭法哲学来指导。实际上,不仅家庭伦理和道德是法律伦理与精神的来源,而且家庭关系与家庭秩序也是社会关系和秩序的根本;更重要的,家庭能力还是国家整体能力的基石。因此,在社会转型、全球化以及大国崛起的整体背景下,当下中国的法律实践,就不仅必须要为中国家庭的战略地位进行重新定位,而且也必须要为家庭功能的重塑与家庭的重建提供各方面的支持;这样,在处理家庭问题上,它就既要审慎,也要开放。     

辩诉交易制度初探

辩诉交易制度是起源于美国的一种刑事诉讼制度,它是指检察官在被告人律师的协助下,就案件的处理问题与被告人进行协商、谈判以促成有罪答辩从而不经审判而了结案件的一种诉讼方式,虽然这项制度的发展一直伴随着争议和质疑,但是因其在节约司法资源,促进办案效率等方面卓越的功效日益显现出强大的生命力.     

The relationship between participation and managerial autonomy in cuba's basic units of cooperative production: Six case studies

We are pleased to present the following reports on library resources written by Jiri Kende, Departmental Representative of the Social Science Division of the Freie Universitat in Berlin, West Germany, and Mr. Edward P. Kasinec, chief librarian of the New York Public Library's Slavonic Division. Similar reports on other special collections in various countries will be published in forthcoming issues. Mr. Kasinec has been commissioned to write a report on Soviet libraries, which we hope will appear in the next issue.     

基于下一代测序的全解析度STR分型研究进展与展望

下一代测序技术具有高通量、高速度、集成化、低成本等显著优势,近年来已在科研和临床诊断领域得到广泛应用,在法医遗传学领域亦具有重要应用前景。当前主流的STR分型方法仅关注序列的长度多态性,然而由于核心重复结构存在差异或扩增区段内存在SNP,序列长度相等的等位基因可能是具有遗传稳定性的完全不同的等位基因,此类STR序列多态性是个体识别或亲缘关系分析的宝贵资源。基于下一代测序的STR分型在现有数据输出方式基础上,允许进一步关注STR的序列多态性,对STR基因座进行全解析度分型,显著提升STR基因座的个体识别能力。本文以法医STR遗传标记和下一代测序技术为关注焦点,系统综述基于下一代测序的全解析度STR分型领域国际最新研究进展,深入探讨该技术在法医DNA实验室的实际应用潜力和可能面临的挑战,希冀对相关研究和实践提供参考。     

Robotic method for the analysis of morphine and codeine in urine.

A totally automated procedure has been developed for the detection and quantitation of morphine and codeine in urine case samples. The samples were initially screened for these drugs by a Syva EMIT Toxicology System (ETS). A Zymate laboratory robotic system confirms positive samples from Syva ETS by performing the hydrolysis, extraction, and derivatization of morphine and codeine. The derivatized morphine and codeine were detected using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were experimentally optimized during method development. The automation of these procedures has proven to be reliable and efficient.