大事综览

2005年8月大事各方有如下评述:一、中俄首次举行联合军事演习。18日,中俄“和平使命—2005”联合军事演习在俄罗斯符拉迪沃斯托克拉开帷幕,随后移至中国山东半岛和黄海一带。中俄联合军事演习的目的是共同打击国际恐怖主义、极端主义和分裂主义,应对各种危机,主要演练战略磋商与战役筹划、兵力投送、实施交战三大训练课目。演习跨越两国陆、海、空域,参演军兵种齐全,演练课目众多。演习还邀请了上海合作组织成员国和观察员国的代表到现场观摩。世界舆论对中俄首次联合军演极为关注。美国《华盛顿邮报》15日刊登彼得·芬恩题为《中俄将举行首…     

An Assessment of the Utility of Universal and Specific Genetic Markers for Opium Poppy Identification

Abstract: The proper identification of illicit plants such as Papaver somniferum L (opium poppy) is important for law enforcement agencies. The identification of opium poppy was presently tested using 10 genetic markers that are universal for all plants or specific to a few poppy plants. The genetic distances of universal markers such as nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 18S rRNA, plastid rbcL, and trnL‐trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) of 14 species included in the Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae family were acquired by sequence comparisons. Both the ITS region and trnL‐trnF IGS showed high levels of interspecific divergence. Six Papaver genera‐specific markers were developed from coding regions involved in morphine biosynthesis. Three markers (TYDC, NCS, and BBE) produced amplicons only in opium poppy, providing a presence/absence test for opium poppy, while three additional markers (CYP80B1, SAT, and COR) were genus specific. These 10 markers might be useful for the forensic DNA analysis of opium poppy.     

我国刑法立法的发展方向

在世界近、现代刑法发展的历史中,存在古典刑法和实证刑法两种不同类型的刑法。古典刑法和实证刑法看似两个学派理论争论的产物,实则根源于社会发展的需要。我国刑法目前处于古典刑法的发展阶段。在我国刑事立法政策逐渐走向成熟的过程中,必须注意防止刑法现代化的议题模糊我国刑法发展的目标。应以保持我国古典刑法基本品格不变为主,根据需要和可能,逐渐地、适当地引入实证刑法制度的内容。在刑法理论上,要正确消化和吸收实证刑法理论,某种意义上也就是犯罪学理论为刑法和刑法学提供的理论立场和观点;要注意防止古典刑法教条主义的不当影响,根据社会发展过程中出现的问题。改变刑法典一统刑法制度的格局,分散建立不同的制度。     

以高度的文化自觉推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣

当今世界,文化在国家综合实力中扮演着越来越重要的角色,已成为国家软实力的核心表现。以高度的文化自觉推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣,是全面建成小康社会、实现民族伟大复兴的应有之义和必然要求;自觉坚持中国特色社会主义文化发展道路,是推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的根本前提;自觉坚持以社会主义核心价值体系引领文化建设,是推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的理论依据;自觉加强对文化建设战略地位的认识,是推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的实践动力。     

Determinants of Financial Transparency in Government

ABSTRACT

The search for enhanced transparency and accountability in government organizations has inspired studies to identify the key factors that facilitate greater disclosure of public financial information. With the advantages provided by the meta-analysis technique, applied to a sample of studies, we identify the most significant factors and incentives underlying the decisions adopted by public managers on policy strategies regarding information transparency and public responsibility. Our study shows the variables analyzed to be positively associated with the disclosure of public financial information, but also that this depends on the context in which the research is carried out. The most influential variables were the moderator variables of the administrative culture and of the measurement unit for the variables.     

DISCUSSION - Agricultural Policy Reform and Rural Livelihoods in Central Mexico

This contribution examines the impact of profound changes to agricultural policy implemented since 1988 on the livelihoods of Mexico's rural population. Detailed studies in four villages show that rural incomes are very unevenly distributed within communities leaving half of households in poverty. During the last decade key factors affecting village economies have been international and national, rather than specific changes to farm policy. Most changes have been to the detriment of the communities studied, but peasant households have adapted and survived, at a price. If the worst fears about the consequences of economic liberalisation have not been realised, neither have the hopes. Depressed markets for basic goods and services have limited the growth of the rural economy. Private investment and provision of services have not been stimulated.     

甘肃省区域经济发展差异性分析

针对甘肃省经济发展的整体特征,该文选取2009年甘肃省14个市州的数据,采用因子分析法——聚类分析法,对甘肃14个市州的发展水平进行实证分析,依据实证结果可将14个市州发展水平划分为发达、次发达、一般和落后四个发展梯度,针对不同的梯度提出了缩小区域间发展差距的对策和建议.     

地方立法立项机制的历史考察及其启示

地方立法立项机制就是指立法建议项目由有关主体提议产生,经享有立法规划(计划)编制权的主体在协调有关各方的基础上,结合本地实际情况博弈论证后,决定其是否列入地方立法规划(计划)的带有规律性的运行模式。它具有立项主体的特定性、立项过程的协调性、立项实施的指导性三个特征;其发展可以划分为五个发展阶段。地方立法立项机制今后还将长期存在,我们可以从十个方面进一步对其进行完善。