完善我国军事行政救济制度的若干建议

依法治军、从严治军是我国现阶段适应治军转型时期提出的具有时代洞察力的治军模式。军事行政权作为军事权的重要内容是实现依法治军、从严治军的关键点。军事行政救济制度是军事权益实现的重要保障,能够有效地制衡军事行政权力的扩张,提高军事行政的法治意识、法治水平。我国现有军事行政救济制度存在多方面的不足,完善军事行政救济制度是实现军事行政权法治化的重要保障,也是实现依法治军的制度性前提。     

高空坠物中多元化保护救济受害人的反思

针对高空坠物中加害人不明时的困境,《侵权责任法》第87条为受害人提供了救济,其立法意图值得赞许,但细究之下并不符合法律逻辑。同情弱者和维护公共安全只是关于制度目的的解释,却不足以支撑其正当性。该条款采用的制度路径实质上是行为推定,但行为推定违反了法律的基本原理。有效解决这类问题或许要跳出侵权责任法,建立和完善多元化的救济途径。     

老旧小区加装电梯的冲突分析及解决:基于协商式角色模拟的研究

随着我国老龄化社会的来临,老旧小区加装电梯成为备受关注的社会问题,各地政府也陆续推出相关支持政策,然而加装电梯之路并不平坦。对于这一典型的公共冲突,协商式角色模拟方法为分析和协调不同相关方之间的利益冲突、寻求冲突解决之道提供了新的思路。老旧小区加装电梯中的冲突化解,不仅要探索具体的解决策略,还应从以下三个方面完善相关政策:适当放宽业主同意原则;确定相关技术规程及利益补偿依据;地方政府加快制定加装电梯行动指南。     

司法助力经济回暖

刚刚过去的这个冬天注定是令人难忘的,我们目睹了这场新冠肺炎疫情给人们生命健康造成的巨大伤害,我们也正在经历这场新冠肺炎疫情对经济发展与人民生活造成的巨大冲击。经济短期休克,社会生活暂停。国内刚刚得到控制,国外却又开始蔓延,以国为界的人流和物流管控给经济造成的伤害,并不亚于病毒给生命健康造成的伤害。     

Explaining the UCR-NCVS Convergence: a Time Series Analysis

The study intends to explain the convergence of the UCR and NCVS data series (1973–2008). Hypothesized explanatory variables include increased police productivity, change in people’s attitudes toward crime and the police, demographic changes, changes in the measurements used in data collections, and the advancement of telecommunication tools. The time series models with relevant predictor variables are estimated to explain the convergence of the two crime data series in five different crime categories. The results show that an increase in the total number of employees in the police, changes in measurements, especially the methodological changes adopted in the victimization survey in 1992, and changing attitudes toward crime and the police affect the relationship between the two crime data series and may have helped the convergence of the two. We argue that (1) the convergence of the two crime data series is not a mere convergence of methodological inadequacies resulting from the declining quality of the victimization survey and (2) all the predictor variables only partially affect the convergence of the two crime data series. Methodological limitations of this study are also addressed.     

山羊背根神经节神经细胞的原代培养及鉴定

从胎龄3个月左右的山羊胚胎中分离出背根神经节,采用组织块培养法,利用血清培养和无血清培养,并在非神经细胞抑制剂作用的条件下,观察了山羊背根神经节神经细胞在体外的生长状况,采用免疫荧光和RT-PCR技术对神经细胞表面标志神经元特异性磷酸化酶(NSE)进行了鉴定。结果显示,接种48h后的细胞从组织中迁出,并长出突起,经阿糖胞苷作用后,神经细胞与非神经细胞分层;经免疫荧光鉴定,上层细胞为神经细胞。随着时间的增加,神经细胞突起延长并交错成网状,至第6～10天神经细胞形态最为成熟饱满,随后逐渐出现细胞老化,神经细胞最长可生存32d。表明本试验成功分离培养得到了山羊背根神经节神经细胞。     

刑法第306条存与废:倾听法律职业人的声音

刑法第306条(又称律师伪证罪)从其诞生之日起就面临着当存还是当废的巨大争议,这些争议或来自学理或来自实践中的相关利益群体。2009年底至2010年初的李庄案再次使得这一争论从幕后转至台前。通过考察法律职业人对第306条的真实态度,可以深入地发掘争议背后的社会因素:即司法机关观念上的误区;诉讼结构的不合理;追诉程序上的瑕疵,从而从实体和程序上为刑法第306条的未来寻求一条理性的出路———存而慎用。     

Who are Chinese Citizens? A Legislative Language Inquiry

By exploring the meaning construction of Chinese citizenship stipulated in Chinese legislation and its interaction with social identities and human nature in the Chinese society, the present study investigates the nature and evolution of the conception of Chinese citizens through three selected cases from Chinese legislations, which illuminate that Chinese citizens are essentially persons with independent personalities defined by the rights and obligations stipulated in legislation. This conception is further strengthened by the entitlement to private properties and equality before law. This conception of Chinese citizenship is concrete and meaningful in the sense that it is underpinned with reference to social identities as person, people and personality in Chinese legislations. The reference of the conception to human being constitutes the essence of Chinese legislation. The meaning construction of Chinese citizenship is indeed a dynamic process engineered in the social and cultural process. The findings on the evolution of the construction of Chinese citizenship in Chinese legislation suggest that the formation of legal identity through legislation varies greatly in different countries. Nevertheless, the realization of the conception of citizenship will necessarily be backed up by social identities as person, people and personality, which will be further strengthened and expanded by the legitimating of private properties and equality before law. Citizenship is achieved by social participants through mediation engineered within the social and cultural process.     

发达国家政府绩效评估经验对我国的启示

随着我国政治体制改革的不断深化,政府绩效评估作为行政管理制度的有效工具,必须以公务员绩效考核制度为基础。本文结合西方发达国家政府绩效评估的实践及其经验,分析了目前我国政府绩效评估的不足及其成因。认为,公务员是创造政府绩效的重要载体,公务员考核制度的完善是政府绩效评估得以顺利开展的前提。因此,提高公务员队伍整体素质是我国政府绩效评估工作中一个亟待解决的问题。     

试论农村精英与农村社会发展——以吉林省为例

随着农村社会的变迁和农民阶层的日益分化,农村精英群体不断涌现;他们依靠自身拥有的经济和社会资源优势,对于农村社会的发展起到了积极的带动作用,是实现农村社会发展的内生动力.本文基于吉林省农村的实际,阐释了农村精英在农村经济发展和社会建设中的重要作用,并从农村精英的自我完善、组织培养、身份认同、政府支持体系建构等角度探讨了有效发挥农村精英带动作用的对策.