The Costs and Benefits of Transferring Technology Infrastructures Underlying Complex Standards: The Case of IPv6

Industry stakeholders and Internet experts generally agree that networks using Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), an Internet communications standard which is being promoted strongly by many parties, would be technically superior to today’s networks, which are largely based on IPv4. The improvements designed for IPv6 could provide numerous benefits to Internet users, network administrators, and applications developers; among these potential benefits are cost reductions due to improved security and increased efficiency, improvements to existing products and services, and innovations leading to new products and services. However, there is wide disagreement about the characteristics and timing of benefits associated with IPv6, and the costs associated with the transition could be substantial. In this paper, we will discuss the likely costs of a transition to IPv6 for the major stakeholders and the potential benefits. Subsequently, we will introduce the cost impact of an accelerated adoption case and discuss potential ways in which the government could become involved in the process. This paper is based on a broader study funded by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). We wish to thank Greg Tassey, Fred Lee, Tim Sloan, B. Keith Fulton, John Streck, and Baran Erkel for comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this paper.     

Heijin — Organized crime,business and politics in Taiwan

Trends in Organized Crime -     

Women who molest children

In only nine of approximately 600 cases of child molestation in New Hampshire and Vermont was the perpetrator found to be a woman. Case histories and some testing data show a history of sexual assault as a child, frequent offense in the company of a dominant male partner, and a major disinhibition as a result of severe character disorder or limited intelligence. These factors not only interfered with maternal bonding and nurturing behavior but also contributed to suspension of judgment about the appropriateness of sexual contact with children.