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101.
Using individual data from a large-scale Dutch crime victimization survey, we are able to expand the analysis of the effect of police on crime to crimes types that do not easily find their way into police statistics, and to public disorder and victim precaution. To address heterogeneity and simultaneity in the relation between police and crime, we model the police funding formula – used to distribute police resources across municipalities – to identify the endogenous variation in police levels. We use the remaining variation in police levels to identify the effect of police. We find significantly negative effects of higher police levels on property and violent crime, public disorder, and victim precaution. The effect on victim precaution is a hitherto largely ignored benefit of higher police levels not reflected in lower rates of crime and public disorder. 相似文献
102.
Linda Pagani Richard E. Tremblay Daniel Nagin Mark Zoccolillo Frank Vitaro Pierre McDuff 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(3):173-182
Using a French-Canadian population-based longitudinal data set, we examine the impact of socioeconomic factors (paternal education
and family structure); inherent individual factors (child gender and developmental trajectories of physical aggression from
early to later childhood, problematic substance use), family environment (concurrent parent-child involvement, parental problematic
substance use), and prospective and concurrent parenting process variables (mean parental supervision at puberty, concurrent
punishment practices) as predictors of adolescent-directed aggression against fathers (in the last 6 months). A childhood
behavioral pattern characterized by physical aggression showed the highest risk of adolescent-directed verbal and physical
aggression toward fathers, regardless of sex. In terms of parental practices, verbal (and not corporal) punishment in the
last 6 months significantly predicted aggression toward fathers. A childhood life-course of violence is likely to culminate
in aggression toward fathers during adolescence. Beyond this risk, it seems that harsh verbal punishment by parents builds
up the odds of child-directed aggression against fathers. 相似文献
103.
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105.
Résumé Cet article constitue une proposition théorique et méthodologique afin d'étudier les conditions menant à la mise en oeuvre
du droit et, plus particulièrement, au déclenchement du processus pénal dans des situations concrètes. En utilisant de nombreux
travaux empiriques et théoriques, les auteurs ont privilégié trois dimensions analytiques. Premièrement, les déterminants
susceptibles d'affecter la mise en oeuvre du système pénal seront examinées. En deuxième lieu, une attention particulièrement
sera accordée à l'identité des renvoyants. Enfin, les motifs à l'origine de la décision de renvoyer une affaire vers le système
pénal seront discutés.
相似文献
106.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between the personality factors of sociotropy and autonomy and depressive symptomatology in a nonclinical sample of adolescents. One hundred and thirty-six adolescents (60 males, 76 females), ranging in age from 15 to 17 years and enrolled in a high school of the Western Quebec Regional School Board, completed the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory. Subjects with high sociotropy showed significantly more depressive symptoms than subjects with low sociotropy. With regard to autonomy, high autonomous females scored higher on the Beck Depression Inventory than high autonomous males. Results are discussed in light of the literature on adolescent depression.This is an extended version of a poster presented at the 12th annual convention of the Quebec Society for Research in Psychology (SQRP), Ottawa, October 1989. The authors wish to thank Mr. Michael Donlan for his cooperation.Received his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from University of Ottawa. Major research interest is adolescent depression. To whom reprint requests should be addressed. 相似文献
107.
The purpose of this study was to advance knowledge of dating violence behaviors among adolescent victims of child sexual abuse (CSA), first, by determining the prevalence of psychological and physical dating violence and the reciprocity of violence, and second, by investigating the influence of certain CSA characteristics to dating violence. Respondents included 126 females ages 13 to 17 years. More than 45% reported experiencing some sort of physical violence in their dating relationships. Psychological violence was reciprocal in more than 90% of the cases. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant contribution of CSA characteristics. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the duration of the sexual abuse and the presence of violence or completed intercourse during the abuse could significantly contribute to dating violence above and beyond other known risk factors. Discussion underscores the need to gain a better understanding of CSA and other risk factors that might influence violent dating behaviors. 相似文献
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109.
The debate in forensic science concentrates on issues such as standardisation, accreditation and de-contextualisation, in a legal and economical context, in order to ensure the scientific objectivity and efficiency that must guide the process of collecting, analysing, interpreting and reporting forensic evidence. At the same time, it is recognised that forensic case data is still poorly integrated into the investigation and the crime analysis process, despite evidence of its great potential in various situations and studies. A change of attitude is needed in order to accept an extended role for forensic science that goes beyond the production of evidence for the court. To stimulate and guide this development, a long-term intensive modelling activity of the investigative and crime analysis process that crosses the boundaries of different disciplines has been initiated. A framework that fully integrates forensic case data shows through examples the capital accumulated that may be put to use systematically. 相似文献
110.
Reaching Migrants in Survey Research: The Use of the Global Positioning System to Reduce Coverage Bias in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1