Traumatic Events and Symptoms Among Mexican Deportees in a Border Community

Research on traumatic events experienced among Mexicans deported from the United States is scant. Using clinical interviews, this study assessed the frequency of traumatic events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 47 Mexican deportees in a U.S.-Mexico border community. The majority of participants (98%) reported having experienced one or more traumatic events (M = 9, SD = 5) and nearly half met DSM-IV-TR criteria for PTSD. Meeting criteria for PTSD was associated with a higher number of traumatic events. Results suggest that prevention, intervention, and policy efforts are necessary to improve the well-being of this understudied immigrant subgroup.     

Personal Identity Development in Hispanic Immigrant Adolescents: Links with Positive Psychosocial Functioning,Depressive Symptoms,and Externalizing Problems

The present study was designed to examine trajectories of personal identity coherence and confusion among Hispanic recent-immigrant adolescents, as well as the effects of these trajectories on psychosocial and risk-taking outcomes. Personal identity is extremely important in anchoring young immigrants during a time of acute cultural change. A sample of 302 recently immigrated (5 years or less in the United States at baseline) Hispanic adolescents (M_age?=?14.51 years at baseline; SD?=?0.88 years, range 14–17) from Miami and Los Angeles (47?% girls) completed measures of personal identity coherence and confusion at the first five waves of a six-wave longitudinal study; and reported on positive psychosocial functioning, depressive symptoms, and externalizing problems at baseline and at Time 6. Results indicated that identity coherence increased linearly across time, but that there were no significant changes in confusion over time and no individual differences in confusion trajectories. Higher baseline levels of, and improvements in, coherence predicted higher levels of self-esteem, optimism, and prosocial behavior at the final study timepoint. Higher baseline levels of confusion predicted lower self-esteem, greater depressive symptoms, more aggressive behavior, and more rule breaking at the final study timepoint. These results are discussed in terms of the importance of personal identity for Hispanic immigrant adolescents, and in terms of implications for intervention.     

Effects of Indirect Exposure to Homicide Events on Children’s Mental Health: Evidence from Urban Settings in Colombia

Exposure to neighborhood violence is an important risk factor for the social and emotional development of children and youth. Previous work recognizes that violence may affect children indirectly via secondhand exposure; yet, few studies have aimed to identify and quantify these effects, especially in settings like Colombia where youth is chronically exposed to violence. To address this gap in the literature, this article implements an empirical strategy where geographically specific and time-stamped data are leveraged to identify the effect of indirect exposure to homicides on fifth grade children’s social and emotional outcomes. Sample participants (N?=?5801) represent the fifth-grade population of boys and girls (50.7%) in two major urban areas in the country (Mage?=?11.01, SD?=?0.75). We hypothesize that the effects of exposure to neighborhood violence on children’s social and emotional skills will be consistent and negative. The findings indicate a consistent negative effect of indirect exposure to homicides on children’s emotional functioning (i.e., emotional regulation and empathy), as well as on the prevalence of avoidance behaviors. However, contrary to theoretical expectations, the results do not support effects on children’s levels of aggressive behavior, nor on the beliefs and attitudes that justify the use of aggression in interpersonal relationships. The findings are discussed in light of predictions from social cognitive models and their implications for developmentally and trauma-informed interventions for youth.     

Playing by the rules of the game: partisan use of recall referendums in Colombia

As a bottom-up mechanism of direct democracy, recall can be triggered by citizens to remove elected officials through a vote, which is expected to increase accountability. Contradicting this hope, previous research has suggested that intensive use of recall referendums became an instrument of party competition. However, empirical evidence is scant. Thus, focusing on the 107 attempts of activating recall in Colombia during the first half of 2017 this article seeks to understand if recall activations are more likely to reinforce democratic governance (by giving an institutional solution to exceptional problems of legitimacy) or are more likely to erode it (by becoming a weapon to escalate the partisan competition beyond regular elections). We created a dataset to identify who started the recall – partisan, mixed or civil society actors – and for what reasons. Then, we examined to what extent the effective number of parties in the council, the majority reached in the previous election, or the size of the municipality have an effect on the likelihood of recall attempts. The study finds that in Colombia, political leaders (and not specific parties) are the main actors promoting recall.     

债权基本权能略论

债权正常态势下依本旨实现时的实行权能、在存在危险和不能全面实现时的保全和救济权能及将债权作整体考虑时的处分权能,是最能体现债权性质的基本权能.债权会出现权能扩张、限制和缺省,基此债权有完全与不完全之别,债法体系应在权能统一基础上构建.实行权能含请求、受领和保有权能,保有在探索所有权来源上是债的权能,否认受领是债权权能的区分模式使债权无法实现利益转化,财产流转秩序将不再依据债权法权形式转而倚重物权行为.保全权能体现为撤销或代位权能,在围绕债务人财产存在一定比例关系下得实施保全,实施救济权能时请求权由原生性转化为救济性,实现与债权依本旨实现带来的利益不同的交换价值需借助处分权能.     

构建集群式创新机制提升县域特色产业的创新能力

集群式创新机制以产业组织结构的变革为切入点,它强化企业间的合作创新和知识外溢,能运用社会资源的合力,弥补单个企业创新能力的不足。文章探讨了如何通过完善企业间的创新协作网络和技术扩散机制、加强政策扶持、健全公共服务机构等途径,强化县域特色产业集群式创新机制的建立与完善。     

旅游商品的虚拟经营

旅游商品的虚拟经营是在组织形式上突破有形的界线,在有限的资源条件下取得竞争中的最大优势.实行虚拟经营,不仅能够令整合在任务中的企业充分发挥其自身能力,同时也为这些企业提供了参与更大范围生产经营活动的机会.虚拟经营有利于激活单靠自身资源难以独立地全方位参与市场竞争的企业的存量资产,有利于提高存量资产的利用率.     

傣族贝叶文化与西双版纳旅游业

贝叶文化是傣族传统文化的一种象征性提法 ,它包括贝叶经、用棉纸书写的经书和存活于民间的传统文化事象。贝叶文化是一笔宝贵的资源 ,它与西双版纳旅游业有非常密切的联系。贝叶文化可以充实、深化“西双版纳”这一旅游名牌的内容 ,可以使西双版纳的旅游业更具民族色彩 ,更有吸引力 ;可以开发为文化产业。     

论交通肇事罪中的被害人过错

交通肇事罪中的被害人过错是指在交通肇事犯罪案件中,因肇事行为人与被害人的共同过错行为造成重大事故时,被害人对损害结果的产生具有原因力的过失违章行为.它具有不同于其它类型案件被害人过错的特点.其不影响罪的构成,最高人民法院的司法解释规定,被害人在事故中负主要责任以上的,被告人不承担刑事责任,实际上是夸大被害人过错在定罪中的作用,并违背了犯罪构成理论.交通肇事罪中的被害人过错影响量刑,并且对加害人刑事责任大小的影响是相对确定的,应将其作为交通肇事罪的从轻情节予以法定化.     

关于"真"的收缩处理

关于“真”的收缩处理,其核心思想是：“真”谓词对语境的语义内容并没有什么特殊贡献,它仅仅只是作为一个谓词出现而已;我们通常所说的一个语句是真的也就是断定它,仅此而已。究其实,这样的理解纯粹是话语博景下等值定理（E）的变相使用而已。