Literary reviews

Autobiographies of the townships. Gone with the Twilight: a story of Sophiatown. Don Mattera London: Zed Press. 1987. 151pp. £19.95hb/£5.95pb

Kaffir Boy: growing out of apartheid. Mark Mathabane London: Pan. 1987. 354pp. £3.50pb

Subtle dissent: Malawi's poetry of protest. Nightwatcher, Nightsong. Frank M Chipasula Peterborough, UK: Paul Green. 1986. 25pp. £1.50pb

Napolo Poems. Steve Chimombo Zomba, Malawi: Manchichi Publishers. 1987. 55pp n/p

Selective blindness. Women in African Literature Today, Vol. 15. Edited by Eldred Jones, Eustace Palmer and Marjorie Jones London: James Currey/Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press. 1987. 162pp. £7.50/$8.95pb

Ngambika: studies of women in African literature. Edited by Carole Boyce Davies and Anne Adams Graves Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press. 1986. 298pp. $35.00hb/$11.95pb

Form and content. Reading the African Novel. Simon Gikandi London: James Currey. 1987. 172pp. £8.95pb

West African Poetry: a critical history. Robert Fraser Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1986. 351pp. £35hb/£12.50pb

Textual adventure. Around the Day in Eighty Worlds. Julio Cortázar Translated from the Spanish by Thomas Christensen San Francisco: North Point Press. 1986. 293pp. J22.50hb

A Change of Light and other stories. Julio Cortazar Translated from the Spanish by Gregory Rabassa London: Arena. 1987. 275pp. £3.50pb

Master of the fantastic. The Dream of Heroes. Adolfo Bioy Casares Translated from the Spanish by Diana Thorold London: Quartet Books. 1987. 212pp. £9.95hb

Popular heroes. I Dreamt the Snow was Burning. Antonio Skarmeta Translated from the Spanish by Malcolm Coad London/New York: Readers International. 1985. 220pp. 57.95/£4.95pb

Burning Patience. Antonio Skarmeta Translated from the Spanish by Katherine Silver London/Methuen. 1988. 126pp. £9.95hb

Struggling towards a voice. Angel. Merle Collins London: The Women's Press. 1987. 294pp. £12.95hb/£4.95pb

Nowhere to hide. The Arkansas Testament. Derek Walcott London: Faber & Faber. 1988. 117pp. £3.95pb

Unity of the spirit. Modern Arabic Poetry: an anthology. Edited by Salma Khadra Jayyusi New York: Columbia University Press. 1987. 498pp. Hb n/p

Defiant creativity. Let It Be Told: essays by Black women writers in Britain. Edited by Lauretta Ngcobo London: Pluto Press. 1987. 146pp. £12.95hb London: Virago Press. 1988. 176pp. £4.50pb

Charting the Journey: writings by Black and Third World women. Edited by Shabnam Grewal, Jackie Kay, Liliane Landor, Gail Lewis and Pratibha. Parmar London: Sheba Feminist Publishers. 1988. 322pp. £7.95/$10.95pb     

La construcción de una democracia respetuosa de los derechos humanos. reflexiones a partir del modelo constitucional adoptado por la república de timor oriental

This paper proposes to show the benefits of adopting a constitutional model that incorporates fundamental rights and judicial review systems in order to build a democracy respectful of human rights. Such goal will be achieved analyzing the constitutional model adopted by the young republic of East Timor. To that end, first we will explain briefly the political background and the roots of the Constitution of this country. Further on, we will present some of the characteristics of the constitutional model of East Timor. Specifically, we will show that this Constitution: i) it is not made up only of rules, but also includes values and principles which are directly applicable, and works as validity standards for the whole legal system; and ii) it recognizes some legal contents -related to human rights- that limit the rules, decisions and actions made by authorities and citizens. Finally, we will point out some challenges that this constitutional models usually face when reviewing authority decisions.     

Accounting for Changing Earnings Inequality in Costa Rica, 1980–99

After declining from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, inequality in monthly earnings in Costa Rica stabilised from 1987 to 1992 and then increased from 1992 to 1999. In this article, we use recently developed techniques to measure the extent to which these changes in earnings inequality were the result of changes associated with the distributions of personal and workplace characteristics of workers or the earnings differences associated with those characteristics. We present evidence that the most important cause of the fall in inequality prior to 1987 was a decline in returns to education. Inequality stopped falling in Costa Rica in the 1990s in part because returns to education stopped falling. The most important cause of rising inequality in monthly earnings in the 1990s was an increase in the proportion of workers working a non-standard work week (part-time or over-time).     

The Role of Intra-Religious Conflicts in Intrastate Wars

Many civil wars are fought between members of different religious communities. It seems plausible to focus on these communities’ interrelations to identify the causal factors responsible for the escalating effects that religion can have in such conflicts. A closer look, however, reveals that processes within religious communities can be crucial in influencing the role religions play in intrastate wars. Within single communities, factions of religious elites compete for material and dogmatic supremacy. Such intra-religious conflicts can motivate religious elites to search for support from political allies to prevail over their religious rivals. In return, they legitimize their political patrons’ claims for political power and their violent campaigns against members of other religious communities. Thus, intra-religious conflicts can effectively contribute to the religious escalation of intrastate wars between different religious communities. This argument is exemplified with reference to conflicts in Thailand, The Philippines, and Iraq.     

对边境地区社会治安防控的思考——以广西边境地区为例

边境地区社会治安事关国家的安全与稳定,边境地区社会治安防控受边境地区地理环境、人文环境和社会治安形势的影响。公安机关对边境地区社会治安进行有效防控,必须着眼于社会治安的复杂现实,加强边境地区社会治安的宏观防控,强化边境地区社会治安的微观防控,加大边境地区社会治安的人防、物防与技术防控。     

被派遣劳动者社会保险权保障:必要性及法律规制

最新修订的《劳动合同法》充分回应了劳务派遣法律问题学术讨论达成的基本共识,但问题并未因此而得到一劳永逸的解决。被派遣劳动者的社会保险权利救济问题,不仅有利于解决劳务派遣被滥用的现实困境,也是劳动法与社会保障法衔接的关键,学界对此研究甚少。现有关于保护被派遣劳动者社会保险权利的法律规定,存在雇主责任制度失效、异地派遣滥用规制不足、社会保险费征缴主体责任缺失、工伤保险待遇支付责任分配不公等问题。只有跳出单一视角,通过民事规则的完善、行政救济的补足和刑事制裁的法律创新的公私法双重路径,才能实质有效地保护被派遣劳动者的社会保险权利,实现生存权保障和社会安全秩序的法益目标。     

生理因素和环境因素对双生子笔迹影响的研究

目的 研究双生子由于受共同生理因素影响,教育和环境影响对笔迹特征影响的差异.方法 收集了80对双生子的笔迹,采用统计分析的方法进行研究.结果 书写水平、字的大小、字形、字行间距、书写速度特征受生理因素的影响较大,环境因素对竖长、撇长、转折角度、页边、错别字、笔画变异、笔画形态、搭配比例、写法、笔顺特征的影响更大.结论 生理因素和环境因素对笔迹的影响并不是彼此完全独立的,二者往往通过复杂的方式交互作用影响笔迹,一级亲属笔迹鉴定中应注意的选择特殊性强的笔迹特征全面比较.     

眼外伤后GAP-43的时序性表达及法医学意义

生长相关蛋白（GAP-43）是与神经发育、轴突再生、突触重建密切相关的一种快速转运胞膜磷酸蛋白,被认为是神经发育和再生的内在决定因子之一,在多种神经损伤过程中常可检测到GAP-43表达上调。本文综述眼外伤后GAP-43在视觉系统中的表达规律,并初步探讨其法医学意义,希望能为视神经损伤的法医学鉴定提供参考和借鉴。     

大陆与台湾地区服务业国际竞争力比较研究

在经济全球化背景下,服务业成为世界经济增长的主要推动力.服务业发展水平和竞争力已然成为衡量一个国家或地区国际竞争力的重要指标.大陆和台湾地区地理位置相近,经贸往来密切.为了使两地服务业得到更好的发展,本文采用比较研究法对两地服务业状况进行对比,分析两地服务业国际竞争力存在差异的原因,并提出对两地服务业发展与合作有益的建议.大陆与台湾地区应充分把握《海峡两岸服务贸易协议》带来的机遇,推动两岸服务业共同发展,提升国际竞争力.