路径依赖与“落地空间” ——平台用工治理的困境与策略

平台经济劳动者的权益保障问题已经成为当前政府治理的焦点，然而对于地方政府如何实施治 理则鲜有研究，挖掘地方政府的治理逻辑对宏观制度实施具有重要意义。基于送餐平台劳动者的调查和对四个地 区政府相关人员的访谈，本研究梳理了当前地方政府治理的困境，并分析了地方政府采用的应对策略。研究发现， 在缺乏系统的宏观制度支撑下，地方政府采用依循传统制度或塑造新的制度空间来增强治理的合法性，但这种 做法具有明显的路径依赖特征。而在制度执行的过程中，地方政府则采用在现有制度空间中寻求变通的方式使 治理目标“落地”。随着我国针对新就业形态劳动者政策的逐步完善，制定地方性政策的空间将会随之扩大。     

Norms and Political Payoffs in Supreme Court Recusals

Political Behavior - In times when the public and scholarly debates around the effects of norms on political decision making are at their height—and in light of the argument that government...     

Sudden death of an infant with 'an early epileptic encephalopathy'.

This article reports an autopsy case of sudden death of an infant with an infrequent encephalopathy involving epileptic episodes. The infant was a 1-year and 10-month-old boy, who had a history of the first convulsive seizures in the third month after birth. The clinical diagnosis was described as 'an early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression-bursts' (Ohtahara syndrome). On a winter day, he was collapsed following a high fever and was already dead on the arrival at a hospital. The body was small for the age and poorly nourished. The autopsy and postmortem magnetic resonance imaging scan (MRI) of formalin-fixed brain revealed advanced unsymmetric brain atrophy with cortical dysplasia, which were prominent in the left temporal and right occipital lobes, and sclerotic atrophy of the parahippocampal gyri, additionally showing a feature of the olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy. However, the cause of death was pathologically and microbiologically determined as bacterial bronchopneumonia following pulmonary infection of the influenza A virus. In sudden death cases of physically handicapped infants, the investigation of viral infection in consideration of an epidemiological survey is important even when the death can be pathomorphologically explained.     

探寻曹聚仁先生早年的活动足迹:以暨南大学为中心的考察

曹聚仁是20世纪中国著名的作家、学者和记者,二三十年代和抗战胜利后曾两度任教暨南大学长达11年.其中二三十年代任教暨南大学9年的经历是曹聚仁人生历程中浓墨重彩的一笔.本文拟以曹聚仁任教暨南大学时的活动足迹为中心,探讨其与暨南大学的关系.     

信仰·传播·理论自觉——马克思主义在中国确立的逻辑前提

马克思主义在中国的确立阶段是马克思主义在中国最先开始的一个阶段。这一阶段开始于马克思主义在中国的传播之初,完成于马克思主义中国化的开端。其逻辑前提为:理论本身被信仰是马克思主义在中国确立的先在条件;基本理论的完整传播是马克思主义在中国确立的内在基点;理论与实际相结合的理论自觉是马克思主义在中国确立的根本要求。     

Accuracy and Reproducibility of Bullet Trajectories in FARO Zone 3D

With three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning technology and software packages, the practice of documenting and measuring bullet trajectories has benefited from greater accuracy and reproducibility. This study investigated the accuracy and reproducibility of the bullet trajectory tools in the software package, FARO Zone 3D (FZ3D). Twelve participants were provided laser scanner data for 21 bullet trajectories on drywall panels with impact angles between 25° and 90°. When the impact plane was manually aligned by the operator, 75% of the absolute errors were within 0.91° and 0.98° for the azimuth and vertical angles, respectively. The vertical angle improved to 0.47° when impact plane alignment was taken with respect to gravity (no operator influence). Thus, manual alignment is shown to be subject to greater error than alignment with gravity. However, this study shows that the accuracy and reproducibility of the FZ3D bullet trajectory tools to be comparable with previous research studies.     

Observations and 3D Analysis of Controlled Cast-Off Stains

Cast-off stains are common patterns found at crime scenes involving blood shedding events. However, the analysis and interpretation of cast-off patterns remains an area lacking tools for crime scene investigators. Analyzing cast-off patterns may allow investigators to interpret the area from where an object may have been swung and thus determine the approximate location of a suspect or victim. This study looked at the position and distribution of cast-off patterns and area of origin as a starting point for the development of a method to analyze cast-off patterns. Through a series of tests using a controlled cast-off rig (n = 10), it was observed that a Path Volume Envelope (PVE) may be identified where the swinging path is contained in a volume along with an area of exclusion. The calculated center, linear position of the PVE was found to have an average error of just over 3.2 cm when compared to the known object swing path position. The maximum deviation of the PVE to the known swing path was found to be 5.0 cm with a standard deviation of 1.4 cm. Additional studies are required to investigate the effects of partial cast-off stains, wielded object velocity, direction of swing, distance from the projected surface, and other factors. The observations and analysis from this study were seen to be predictable and repeatable and may provide a possible new method for investigators to interpret cast-off stains.     

行政协议应否继续履行的审查

【裁判要旨】在行政协议履行过程中,行政机关对约定内容事先没有作出明确界定,协议签订后又不能作出合法有据的解释,此种情形下应作出对行政相对人一方有利的解释,以防止行政机关借签订协议之名侵害相对人的合法权益。     

海洋划界前临时安排在南海的适用

海洋划界前临时安排是缓和争端方矛盾的最佳途径,它能给予各方充分的时间来重新审视自己的立场,并能为海洋边界的最终划定奠定良好的基础。南海争端涉及六国七方,其划界争议的解决尤为复杂。近年来,我国与南海周边国家签订了一系列海洋划界前临时安排,但这些临时安排存在可操作性差、约束力弱、合作层次低等弊端。未来我国在与南海争端方签订海洋划界前临时安排时,应努力克服上述弊端,使其价值能真正凸现出来。     

新时代中国社会保障体系建设的路径——兼论“十四五”时期社会保障改革新要求

在全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程上,社会保障体系需要树立新的目标,实施新的发展策略,要以高质量和现代化为重要标准,提高社会保障治理能力和对新经济社会环境的适应性。在“十四五”时期,尤其是要切实发挥社会保障在促进共同富裕方面的积极功能,不断完善法制、体制和机制建设。