用Y-STR单倍型推断男性个体来源的分析

目的 利用17个Y-STR单倍型数据,推断分析浙江绍兴地区男性个体来源,为Y-STR数据库的建设与应用提供依据.方法 采集绍兴地区6县(市)区,104个镇(乡),1240个村的138个姓氏家族的7384份男性个体血样.采用YfilerTM复合扩增试剂盒进行17个Y-STR分型,所得数据进行县(市/区)/镇(乡/街道)/村/姓氏的组合和县(市/区)/镇(乡/街道)/村/姓氏/单倍型组合分布情况统计分析.结果 在7384份男性样本中,获得2 486种县(市/区)/镇(乡/街道)/村/姓氏组合,4957种县(市/区)/镇(乡/街道)/村/姓氏/单倍型组合,3149种Y-STR单倍型.其单倍型出现的次数从1至52次不等,其中仅出现1次的有2 471种(78.47％).对出现频率为17～ 52次的单倍型数据进行姓氏分析,发现平均有71.0％ (42.9％ ～87.5％)的人员来自同一姓氏,且在地域上多数为相邻镇或村的同姓人员.结论 利用Yfiler系统的17个Y-STR基因座单倍型数据,可以推断浙江绍兴地区男性个体的地域或姓氏来源.     

再论《奉俄协定》

《奉俄协定》是苏联政府为了落实其在《中苏协定》中关于共管中东铁路权益,与以张作霖为首的奉系集团所签订的协定.该协定的签署不仅开了苏联与中国地方当局订立协约的先河,同时对中苏关系乃至整个远东地区形势的发展产生了重大影响.奉直两个军阀集团之间的关系走向直接影响了奉苏交涉谈判进度和《奉俄协定》的签署,但该协定作为主权国与地方当局签订的协约有违于国际法的规定.     

Dating of Inkpad Seals Using the Extraction Rate Method: Preliminary Findings

Inkpad seals are often placed on important documents, and determining the date when a seal was affixed can be important to assess the authenticity of a document. In this study, three different brands of inkpads and four different types of paper were used to make diachronic samples of the seals. A double‐solvent extraction method was employed to date the inkpad seals by comparing extraction rates with inks of known age. Cyclohexane was selected as a weak solvent, and chlorobenzene was selected as a strong solvent. After testing, curves were created to show the relationship between the extraction percentage of ink and the date of the seals. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate method was applicable for the relative dating of inkpad seals in some cases where the seal was placed on the document within 6 months.     

破产语境下应收账款质权的保护与限制

破产法平衡保护应收账款质权人和其他利害关系人权益。评价质权人在破产程序中的优先权及其顺位时,原则上应遵循登记在先、顺位在先规则;第三债务人抗辩和抵销权的行使应受保护,在接到通知前取得的反对债权得对出质人行使抵销权,但违背破产法禁止抵销的除外;出质人应维持基础交易合同的效力,否则对质权人不发生效力,但基础交易合同的相对方依法行使合同法上的解除、终止等权利,或者出质人的管理人行使破产解除权则不受此限制;以将有债权出质的,出.质人破产时新增将有债权是否纳入质物范围,应根据不同类型区别对待;质权人行权应受破产程序的约束,但质权人可通过私力救济方式实现债权,当第三债务人破产时,行权有其独特规则。     

破产语境下应收账款质权的保护与限制

破产法平衡保护应收账款质权人和其他利害关系人权益。评价质权人在破产程序中的优先权及其顺位时,原则上应遵循登记在先、顺位在先规则;第三债务人抗辩和抵销权的行使应受保护,在接到通知前取得的反对债权得对出质人行使抵销权,但违背破产法禁止抵销的除外;出质人应维持基础交易合同的效力,否则对质权人不发生效力,但基础交易合同的相对方依法行使合同法上的解除、终止等权利,或者出质人的管理人行使破产解除权则不受此限制;以将有债权出质的,出.质人破产时新增将有债权是否纳入质物范围,应根据不同类型区别对待;质权人行权应受破产程序的约束,但质权人可通过私力救济方式实现债权,当第三债务人破产时,行权有其独特规则。     

China as an institution-builder: the case of the AIIB

As China is entering into the center stage of the world arena, it has become more proactive in regional and global institution-building. Globally, it has been actively involved in the G20 affairs and will be hosting the 2016 G20 Summit in Hangzhou. Regionally, it came up with a major initiative for a new institution, namely, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). This article aims to analyze the new institution's formation, goals and institutional arrangements as well as its implications.     

Is Public Management Neglecting the State?

Public management is a domain of research that is now roughly three decades old. Researchers in this area have made important advances in understanding about the performance of public organizations. But questions have been raised about the scope and methods of public management research (PMR). Does it neglect important questions about the development of major institutions of the modern state? Has it focused unduly on problems of the advanced democracies? Has it made itself irrelevant to public debates about the role and design of government, and the capacity of public institutions to deal with emerging challenges? This set of eight short essays were prepared for a roundtable held at the research conference of the PMR Association at the University of Aarhus in June 2016. Contributors were asked to consider the question: Is PMR neglecting the state?     

中国城乡结合部土地规制改进的探讨

目前,在土地转性和用途更改集中的城乡结合部,呈现出土地利用的粗放式、低效率、违法违规等问题,表明现有的土地规制政策有其内在缺陷,不能有效地遏制耕地资源的减少。因此,应当从明晰土地产权,完善土地征用的法律制度、程序、管理体制,加强市场机制作用等方面进行城乡结合部土地规制的改进。     

网络服务提供商(ISP)版权责任问题研究

网络服务提供商分为因特网连接服务、内容服务和特殊服务提供商三类 ,三者版权责任各异。连接服务提供商因只提供数据传输通道 ,对网上客户实施的版权侵权行为不应当承担责任 ;内容服务提供商主要是通过自己的网站向用户提供信息 ,类似传统环境下出版者地位 ,应对其发布的所有信息承担版权责任 ,但是在使用超文本链接技术中提出“虚拟”材料时 ,版权人不构成侵权 ;特殊服务提供商是在网上提供布告板的经营者 ,应当对权利人承担版权责任 ,但是只有在推定过错原则下承担责任才是合理的 ,才有利于平衡服务提供商和社会公共利益