China-Japan Relations： How China Needs to Change Mindset and Strategy

In 2005, then Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi＇s visits to the Yasukuni Shrine--where Japanese war criminals are honored--threw the Sino-Japan relationship into unprecedented crises. Since then, ties have been troubled and it can be said that relations with Japan are China＇s top foreign affairs issue, particularly after two fierce confrontations over the Diaoyu Islands in September 2010 and September 2012. Most recently, relations have been hurt by the current Japanese Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe＇s flagrant visit to the Yasukuni Shrine. The situation looks bleak with Abe＇s stubborn efforts to deny history, radically adjust the nation＇s constitution and military confrontations with China. The Japanese right wing is gaining power and Japanese public opinion is shifting ever more to the right.     

以体系性思路认识和处理南海问题

南海问题事关中国的主权和领土完整,也有维系中国与地区国家关系、考验中国与美国如何共处的体系性意义。南海问题的解决,必须使政治、经济和安全关切均衡地得到保障,必须寓于地区体系的建设之中,方能化解中国与南海诸国、中国与美国之间可能的冲突,实现和平发展。     

The Role and Function of Xinjiang in Sub-regional Cooperation around Afghanistan

Xinjiang is the only Chinese territory that neighbors Afghanistan.It plays a special and important role and function in sub-regional cooperation around Afghanistan.Sub-regional Cooperation around AfghanistanAfghanistan is located in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent in the China,South Asia and Central Asia region.It is not only the vital communication hub of Eurasia and the Middle East,but also the necessary route for major powers moving west and east,or travelling up and down from north to south.Its geographic location is very important.Throughout history,a series of international actions,measures,mechanisms and planning projects have combined,with little success,to attempt to complete regional cooperation around or through Afghanistan.The key issue is the lack of a unified platform for cooperation that considers the needs and interests of all parties.     

运输毒品罪行为的主要类型与刑罚适用

运输毒品行为具有独立性,其在行为方式上体现的社会危害性与走私、贩卖、制造毒品的社会危害性有明显差异.因此,不宜将运输毒品和走私、贩卖、制造毒品规定在一个选择性罪名中.运输毒品行为自身的复杂性,决定了对运输毒品行为进行分类研究的必要性,这不仅符合量刑规范化的要求,而且也是刑法罪刑均衡的具体体现.     

国外中国学的历史、特色、问题与走向

文章在厘清汉学和中国学的联系和区别、汉学和中国学在各国各地区发展的历史的基础上,概括了国外中国学的地区和国别特色,进而对目前国外中国学的问题加以探索,提出了国外中国学研究中存在的一些问题,也阐述了推进国外中国学研究的走向与动力。     

地方政府经济竞争:理论演进和中国的实践

本文综述了国内外地方政府竞争理论的演进脉络,并对照中国的实践对该理论的应用和发展进行了探讨。中国的实践也为该理论的发展提供了独特的经验基础。地方政府作为利益主体参与竞争,名义上由中央政府统一行使的财政、货币和经济稳定权力,实际上有可能被地方政府分解或抵消。责怪地方政府"非理性"不仅无用,且可能是误导的。在中国宏观调控、行政区划和政府体制等方面的改革不断深化的过程中,从深层次分析地方政府的性质和经济行为有一定的现实意义。     

猪瘟野毒E2基因同源性比较

以人工感染发病猪的脾为材料提取总RNA ,根据已报道的猪瘟病毒基因组序列 ,设计合成了 2对引物 ,以总RNA为模板 ,利用反转录聚合酶链式反应 (RT PCR)、套组聚合酶链式反应(nPCR)及测序技术 ,对流行于我国甘肃省、陕西省、宁夏和广西自治区的 5株野毒株的主要外膜糖蛋白E2基因的核苷酸序列进行了测定 ,用DNAstar软件比较分析了 5株野毒之间及其与猪瘟兔化弱毒株 (C ST株 )E2基因的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列的同源性。结果发现 ,5株野毒与C ST株核苷酸序列的同源性为 81.7%～ 83.1% ,氨基酸同源性为 87.3%～ 88.6 % ,表明它们之间存在较大的差异 ;但 5株野毒之间核苷酸序列的同源性高达 98.8%～ 99.3% ,氨基酸同源性为96 .6 %～ 99.2 % ,表明它们之间的差异较小     

Prosecutorial regulation in the Global South: Environmental civil litigation by prosecutors in China compared to Brazil

Brazil's successful prosecutorial civil action against polluters could be a regulatory example for the Global South. This paper analyses whether such regulation could also develop without the major political, institutional, and legal reforms that spurred it in Brazil. To do so, it analyzes China, where similar reforms have so far not occurred, but where prosecutors have recently started to initiate civil litigation against polluters. It finds that prosecutorial civil litigation in China has only a limited regulatory effect or potential. Prosecutors in China are influenced by conflicting incentive structures that reward one‐off lower level test cases with an innovation bonus, while structurally stimulating a focus on general crime fighting. Ironically, as a result of such incentives, the recent legal reform, toward providing standing for prosecutors in public interest litigation, will, in contrast to Brazil, decrease rather than increase the regulatory effect of these cases. These findings have implications for understanding how the interaction between regulatory independence, legal reform, and regime type shapes possibilities for regulatory innovation in the Global South.     

美国国家安全战略的思想根源

战略观念与战略思维是影响国家战略行为的深层因素。美国在成长为超级大国的历史进程中,逐步形成了自身独特的战略安全观念与战略思维方式。综合考察战后以来尤其是冷战期间美国国家安全战略的缔造与实施过程,可以看出,美国战略安全观念与战略思维方式有几个近乎一以贯之的显著特点:立足"最坏假设",强调实力地位,保持技术优势,偏重军事手段,追求绝对安全,维持全球霸权,秉持道德普遍主义和意识形态优越论。其中,物质与精神并重,权力尤其武力手段与道德、意识形态旗帜并举,是最具美国特色的战略思想。这些思想特征构成美国安全战略的深层脉络,在战略实践中起起落落但从未销声匿迹。这些思想观念所塑造的全球战略既成就了美国的超强地位,也造成了美国霸权的困境,是理解当前和未来美国国家安全战略的重要历史与思想线索。