“一五”时期的国家经济建设公债发行——以上海为中心的考察

"一五"计划时期,中央政府决定连续发行5期国家经济建设公债,借此来筹措一部分建设资金.本文以上海为例,从推销公债机构的建立、宣传动员、公债的认购情况分析、推销过程中存在的问题及公债的还本付息等方面对其进行了全面考察和分析,从总体上看,这5期公债的推销情况是比较顺利的.另外,上海工商界承担的认购任务数和中央历次分配给上海的总任务数都呈急剧下降的趋势,也无疑从一个侧面反映了当时上海私营工商业的力量逐渐被削弱以及上海作为全国经济中心的地位在逐年下降.     

Application of mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis in the forensic identification of Chinese sika deer subspecies

As a direct and indirect consequence of human activities, only two subspecies, Cervus nippon sinchuanicus and Cervus nippon kopschi, currently subsist in the wild of China. However, a large population of Cervus nippon hortulorum and Cervus nippon nippon is raised in order to gain deer parts for Chinese traditional medicine. According to Chinese Wild Animal Conservation Law, hunting, capturing and trading of the wild sika deer are strictly banned, however, raising and trading of the domestic individual are permitted. Thus, it is very necessary to identify the subspecies of sika deer in China in forensic tests. In our study, we used mitochondrial DNA control region sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis to identify the subspecies of sika deer. Mitochondrial DNA control region sequences analysis revealed that two haplotypes came from the unknown samples. One is the same as the haplotype that came from the samples of wild population of C. n. kopschi. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the two haplotypes of unknown samples clustered with the haplotypes of C. n. kopschi, and had significant difference from the haplotypes of the other subspecies. These results together revealed that the unknown samples came from two individuals that belong to the wild population of C. n. kopschi living in the Qinglingfeng State Natural Reserve of Zhejiang province. Therefore, the results provide forensic evidence of illegal wild animal hunting.     

The Contraceptive Self-Efficacy Scale: Analysis in Four Samples

Previous research has established a relationship between Contraceptive Self-Efficacy (CSE), as measured by the 18-item CSE scale, and young women's contraceptive behavior (Bilodeau, Forget, and Tetreault, 1994; Heinrich, 1993; Levinson, 1986; Wright, 1992). In this paper, we continue to explore the scale and its relationship to contraceptive behavior with four diverse samples to establish generalizability and to set guidelines for use of the scale. A series of correlational analyses were conducted with each sample. A pattern of low correlations among CSE items across samples emerged, indicating that use of the total item set separately as the basis for CSE was warranted. Zero-order and partial correlations revealed which CSE items were correlated with contraceptive behavior as well as which items explained unique variance in contraceptive behavior for each sample. Regression analyses showed that CSE was significantly predictive of contraceptive behavior for all samples. These results are discussed in terms of scale properties and use in research and clinical settings. Educational implications are formulated as well.     

温哥华的华人新移民:何去何从?

这项调查的目的是为了探讨华人新移民在温哥华的定居和适应经历。调查结果显示:非经济原因如环境、教育和公民身份是华人移民加拿大的主要动机;就业和语言是华人新移民融入温哥华当地经济社会的最大障碍;由于他们在中国获得的大学文凭和工作经历在加拿大不被承认,他们在加拿大的经济成就不佳,这些阻碍了他们融入当地社会,增加了他们对加拿大生活的不满。根据三角移民模型理论的逻辑,这种不满将导致华人新移民离开温哥华。     

七部地方性精神卫生条例的合法性突变及其修正简

《精神卫生法》实施后,根据《立法法》的相关规定,先行制定并实施的七部地方性精神（心理）卫生条例面临着合法性问题,与上位法相抵触的规定无效并应及时的修改或废止。一方面七部条例＂相抵触的规定＂不仅包含具体条款,还涉及立法理念和原则的变化;另一方面七部条例的性质突变后带来的与其原有形式的矛盾,建议七部条例在《精神卫生法》配套法规完成后采用修订或立新废旧的方式予以修正,使之从创制性法规变为实施性法规;或者对没有存在必要的地方采取单项废止。     

危险驾驶罪施行有“危险”

本文以调研上海市危险驾驶罪司法裁判情况为基础，以截至十月全市法院审结危险驾驶罪219件案件为素材，分析司法现状，总结、归纳危险驾驶罪案件的具体特点，重点剖析目前执法、司法过程中的问题，提出切实可行的改革措施，以期能够降低危险驾驶罪施行中的不足，促使危险驾驶罪正常发展。     

论惩罚性赔偿在合同领域的适用——兼评民法典草案的有关规定

惩罚性赔偿在合同领域的适用有其正当性,已经为各国立法和司法所肯定,我国现行法律、法规亦有相应规定。惩罚性赔偿作为一种私法性质的法律责任,应当在民法典中予以规定。建议在民法典合同编违约责任中增加惩罚性赔偿的有关规定。     

广西“走进东盟”的问题与对策

为了配合做好对东盟各国的调研,探讨在中国—东盟自由贸易区建设进程中如何发挥广西的优势,实施“走出去”的发展战略,2005年笔者随广西投资项目考察团赴马来西亚、文莱、印度尼西亚和菲律宾4国考察。现对考察所了解的情况和已有的有关信息,以及广西在对东盟各国的交往与合作等     

浅议企业网络安全方案的设计

随着网络技术的发展,网络信息系统逐渐深入到各行各业,网络安全也成为人们关注的话题,一个企业的信息系统经常面临内部和外部威胁的风险,如果你没有一定的黑客技术的经验与知识,对网络进行整体设计规划,很难充分保护你的系统。本文介绍了如何设计一个企业网络安全方案。     

大学生学习动机现状研究

学习动机是指引起学生学习活动，维持学习活动，并使学习活动趋向教师所设定的目标的内在心理过程。本研究采用《学习过程问卷》对大学生的学习动机进行调查研究，结果表明：大学生的学习动机主要表现为深层型动机，其次为成就型动机，再次为表层型动机；大学生的学习动机不存在性别差异。但存在专业、年级差异。