马病毒性动脉炎和马鼻肺炎抗体时间分辨荧光免疫分析检测方法的建立

以基因重组抗原包被96孔板,Eu3+标记兔抗马IgG,建立了马病毒性动脉炎和鼻肺炎抗体的时间分辨荧光免疫分析检测方法,对其特异性、灵敏性、稳定性进行了分析,并与进口ELISA试剂盒和微量血清中和试验进行了比较。结果显示,该方法交叉反应不明显,特异性好,灵敏度高于ELISA方法;该方法的批内和批间变异系数分别为2.68%～4.43%和4.21%～7.25%,Eu3+标记物可稳定保存5个月以上。证实,建立的马病毒性动脉炎和马鼻肺炎抗体的时间分辨荧光免疫分析检测技术灵敏度高,特异性和稳定性好,具有很好的应用前景。     

INTERNET INTERMEDIARIES’ LIABILITY FOR ONLINE ILLEGAL HATE SPEECH

Considering the prevalence of online hate speech and its harm and risks to the targeted people, democratic discourse and public security, it is necessary to combat online hate speech. For this purpose, internet intermediaries play a crucial role as new governors of online speech. However, there is no universal definition of hate speech. Rules concerning this vary in different countries depending on their social, ethical, legal and religious backgrounds. The answer to the question of who can be liable for online hate speech also varies in different countries depending on the social, cultural, history, legal and political backgrounds. The First Amendment, cyberliberalism and the priority of promoting the emerging internet industry lead to the U.S. model, which offers intermediaries wide exemptions from liability for third-party illegal content. Conversely, the Chinese model of cyberpaternalism prefers to control online content on ideological, political and national security grounds through indirect methods, whereas the European Union (EU) and most European countries, including Germany, choose the middle ground to achieve balance between restricting online illegal hate speech and the freedom of speech as well as internet innovation. It is worth noting that there is a heated discussion on whether intermediary liability exemptions are still suitable for the world today, and there is a tendency in the EU to expand intermediary liability by imposing obligation on online platforms to tackle illegal hate speech. However, these reforms are again criticized as they could lead to erosion of the EU legal framework as well as privatization of law enforcement through algorithmic tools. Those critical issues relate to the central questions of whether intermediaries should be liable for user-generated illegal hate speech at all and, if so, how should they fulfill these liabilities? Based on the analysis of the different basic standpoints of cyberliberalists and cyberpaternalists on the internet regulation as well as the arguments of proponents and opponents of the intermediary liability exemptions, especially the debates over factual impracticality and legal restraints, impact on internet innovation and the chilling effect on freedom of speech in the case that intermediaries bear liabilities for illegal third-party content, the paper argues that the arguments for intermediary liability exemptions are not any more tenable or plausible in the web 3.0 era. The outdated intermediary immunity doctrine needs to be reformed and amended. Furthermore, intermediaries are becoming the new governors of online speech and platforms now have the power to curtail online hate speech. Thus, the attention should turn to the appropriate design of legal responsibilities of intermediaries. The possible suggestions could be the following three points: Imposing liability on intermediaries for illegal hate speech requires national law and international human rights norms as the outer boundary; openness, transparency and accountability as internal constraints; balance of multi-interests and involvement of multi-stakeholders in internet governance regime.     

固相萃取技术（SPE）在苯丙胺类毒品分析中的应用

固相萃取（SPE）技术是利用固体吸附剂将目标化合物吸附,使之与样品的基体及干扰化合物分离,从而达到分离和富集的目的。SPE是20世纪70年代后期发展起来的一种样品前处理技术,本文主要综述了近10年来SPE技术在苯丙胺类毒品分析中的应用现状及其趋势。     

健脾通里中药芪黄煎剂对胃切除大鼠肠黏膜生物屏障损伤的影响

目的 观察健脾通里中药芪黄煎剂对大鼠胃切除手术创伤后肠黏膜生物屏障损伤的保护作用及其机制.方法 将90只SD大鼠随机分成空白对照组,假手术组,肠内营养组,芪黄煎剂低、中、高剂量组,每组15只.采用胃切除术复制大鼠肠黏膜损伤模型.空白对照组和假手术组术后自由饮水进食,不给予肠内营养液和中药;肠内营养组术后注射肠内营养液;...     

红外光谱结合化学计量学快速鉴别不同环境发汗丹参

目的 采用红外光谱法测定空旷阴凉、空旷光照及室内环境下堆积发汗丹参中水提物及醇提物特征,快速鉴别其质量.方法 采用傅里叶红外光谱技术结合化学计量学建立主成分分析-马氏距离(principal component analysis-Mahalanobis distance,PCA-MD)判别模型鉴别分析不同环境下发汗丹参...     

九华黄精炮制前后多糖类成分结构变化研究

目的 研究九华黄精酒制和九蒸九晒炮制前后多糖类成分的结构差异.方法 采用水提醇沉、透析纯化得到九华黄精生药材及其炮制品多糖,苯酚硫酸法测定总多糖含量,高效凝胶渗透色谱法、气相色谱法和红外光谱法解析炮制前后多糖分子量、单糖组成及结构差异.结果 与生黄精相比,酒制和九蒸九晒黄精多糖含量分别降低20.94％、26.51％.生...     

消癌解毒方联合R-CHOP样方案治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤临床观察

目的观察消癌解毒方联合R-CHOP样方案治疗初诊弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床疗效。方法将40例弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者采用随机数字表法随机分为治疗组与对照组,每组20例,治疗组采用消癌解毒方联合一线R-CHOP样方案,对照组单纯采用R-CHOP样方案,两组均化学治疗6个周期。比较两组患者临床疗效、生活质量变化及中医临床证候改善情况。结果两组实体瘤疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后卡氏功能状态(Karnofsky performance status,KPS)评分显著升高(P<0.05),中医证候积分显著降低(P<0.05),治疗组患者KPS评分升高程度和中医证候积分降低程度均显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论消癌解毒方联合R-CHOP样方案治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤有助于改善患者临床症状,提高患者生活质量。     

海滨大戟化学成分研究

目的 研究海滨大戟Euphorbia atoto Forst.地上部分的化学成分组成.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、Rp-18反相柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱以及重结晶方法进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质及核磁共振波谱和质谱数据鉴定化合物结构.结果 从海滨大戟地上部分95％乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为mayolene-16(1)、(+)-(R)-脱-O-甲基拉西奥地丁(2)、熊果烷(3)、α-香树脂醇(4)、伪蒲公英甾醇(5)、(3β,24R)-大戟烷-7,25-二烯-3,24-二醇(6)、29-nor-21-α-H-hopane-3,22-dione(7)、Hollongdione(8)、5α-豆甾醇-3,6-二酮(9)、22E,24R-麦角甾烷-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(10)、菜油甾醇(11)、豆甾醇(12)、β-谷甾醇(13)、芹菜素(14).结论 首次从海滨大戟中分离得到14个单体化合物,其中化合物mayolene-16(1)为新的天然产物.     

古罗马社会的女性、身体与政治——以莎士比亚笔下的伏伦妮娅形象为中心

普鲁塔克的《希腊罗马名人传》对莎士比亚罗马历史剧《科里奥兰纳斯》有深刻影响。不过,普鲁塔克笔下以母亲和罗马好公民双重身份三次出现在“家”和“敌营”两个空间的伏伦妮娅形象略显单薄,止于一种笼统的静态之美,而莎士比亚笔下以女人、母亲、国家政治的隐性操手三重身份六次显性在场、三次隐性在场的伏伦妮娅,展现出多维空间下的悖论之美,表现出一种理性、欲望、激情与活力交织下的女性动态之变与灵魂之美。莎士比亚从生活真实出发,在广阔的历史背景和富有时代特征的典型环境下通过对伏伦妮娅形象的重塑,反映女性在家庭领域和政治领域的生存现状。他围绕女性—身体—政治这一脉络,通过对伏伦妮娅的隐性政治参与与其家庭教育方式之间关系的想象与构建,将家庭伦理与国家政治有机联系在一起,以彰显其家国同构的思想。     

马克思主义中国化缘起的逻辑理路与历史经验——学习贯彻党的十九届六中全会精神

马克思主义中国化是将马克思主义基本原理与中国具体实际相结合,不断形成具有中国特色的马克思主义理论成果的过程。马克思主义本身所具有的理论完备性与实践创新性、科学真理性与革命阶级性、世界普遍性与民族特殊性等内在发展特质构成了马克思主义中国化缘起的理论逻辑。近代中国的救亡图存之路、各种思潮的争论与抉择、马克思主义在中国的传播以及中国共产党的成立构成了马克思主义中国化缘起的现实逻辑。马克思主义中国化由可能转变为现实,最根本的原因在于早期中国共产党人充分做到了理论联系实际,在科学对待马克思主义的基础上,对中国国情进行深入剖析,以实现民族独立、人民解放、国家富强、人民幸福为根本任务,带领人民进行革命实践,使马克思主义中国化逐渐拉开历史帷幕。