Comparison of feature selection and data fusion of Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy for identifying watercolor ink

The identification of different kinds of watercolor inks is an important work in the field of forensic science. Four different kinds of watercolor ink Spectroscopy data fusion strategies (Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy) combined with a non-linear classification model (Extreme Learning Machine) were used to identify the brand of watercolor inks. The study chose Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS), Random Frog (RF), Variable Combination Population Analysis-Genetic Algorithm (VCPA-GA), and Variable Combination Population Analysis-Iteratively Retains Informative Variables (VCPA-IRIV) to extract characteristic variables for mid-level data fusion. The Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm is used to optimize the extreme learning machine classification model. The results showed that the classification capacity of the mid-level fusion spectra model was more satisfactory than that of single Infrared spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy. The CS-ELM models based on infrared spectroscopy used to recognize the watercolor ink according to brands (ZHENCAI, DELI, CHENGUANG, and STAEDTLER) obtained an accuracy of 66.67% in the test set using all spectral datasets. The accuracy of CS-ELM models based on Raman spectroscopy was 67.39%. The characteristic wavelength selection algorithms effectively improved the accuracy of the CS-ELM models. The classification accuracy of the mid-level spectroscopy fusion model combined with the VCPA-IRIV algorithm was 100%. The data fusion method increased effectively spectral information. The method could satisfactorily identify different brands of watercolor inks and support the preservation of artifacts, paintings, and forensic document examination.     

试论国家治理现代化视域下的基层群众自治制度

推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度的必然要求。基层群众自治现代化是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的题中之义和基础工程。国家治理现代化,涉及国家治理的各个层面,其中,观念和制度的现代化尤为重要。     

当前我国新农村建设中人力资本投资探析——基于舒尔茨的人力资本理论视角

十八届三中全会提出要让广大农民平等参与现代化进程、共同分享现代化成果,而社会主义新农村建设是农民全面享有现代化成果的最重要途径。但在新农村建设过程中,农民科学文化素质较低、医疗卫生条件较差、"二次就业"困难等问题都制约着新农村建设的顺利开展。充分运用舒尔茨的人力资本理论,对于解决我国新农村建设过程中存在的人力资源问题具有重要的启示。     

Building on a legacy

正During his visit to Central Asia and Southeast Asia last year,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the initiatives of building a Silk Road Economic Belt and a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.Fuzhou,capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province,is aiming to become a hub along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,which will connect Taiwan and ASEAN countries with the vast Chinese mainland.     

正常视野与实验性暗区的多焦视诱发电位特征分析

目的分析正常眼不同视野区域的mfVEP波形特征及实验性暗区对结果的影响,探讨mfVEP用于客观评定视野的可行性。方法以正常青年男性51眼为实验对象,应用四通道mfVEP记录系统进行mfVEP检测,30眼行实验性暗区测试。统计组合反应波振幅、峰时及振幅密度的均数、标准差。组问比较采用单因素方差分析,不同刺激野遮盖前、后mfVEP振幅比较采用配对t检验。结果正常眼mfVEP各位点均能引出较明确的VEP波：其中鼻下、颞下象限组合反应波振幅密度（8．68±3．67、7．84±3．32nV／deg2）较鼻上、颞上象限（5．55±2,22、5．08±1．85nV／deg2）大;反应波从黄斑中心凹向周边逐渐降低（240．36±96．60nV／deg2-1．83±O．73nV／deg2）。遮盖颞下象限及外周3个环刺激野造成形成实验性暗区时,对应区域mfVEP组合反应波多数呈熄灭型（70％及80％）;而遮盖鼻下方某两个位点时,对应区域波振幅显著降低（P〈0．05）。结论mfVEP能较准确、客观反映视野不同区域的视功能差异,有望成为法医学客观视野检测手段。     

论代工工厂模式的法律规制

近年来,我国代工工厂与日俱增,在促进就业和增加税收的同时,也引发了环境污染、工人自杀、工厂爆炸、工伤等一系列社会问题,备受公众和学界的关注,建议出台相关法律对代工工厂模式进行规制.事实上,解决这个问题的关键在于如何认定原始设计制造商与代工工厂及其劳动者的法律关系,它们既相互独立又存在一定管理和被管理关系.因此,应当以雇佣合同对代工工厂模式进行具体的法律规制,从而明确代工雇佣合同的内涵、特征、法律效力.当损害发生时,通过损害赔偿请求权来保障代工工厂、劳动者、第三人的合法权益,促进代工工厂在中国健康、和谐发展.     

论旅游景区经营公司治理结构创新

公司是旅游景区市场化经营的有效组织形式.旅游景区的开发经营涉及众多利益主体,旅游景区经营公司比一般公司肩负着更复杂广泛的社会责任.创新旅游景区经营公司的治理结构是强化景区经营公司社会责任、协调不同利益主体之间矛盾的一条可行路径.     

Self-control strength in prison inmates with antisocial personality disorder

The present study aimed to examine the difference in self-control strength between individuals with and without antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) in a Chinese male prisoner sample. Thirty-seven male inmates who met the criteria for DSM-IV ASPD and 38 who did not were asked to watch a four-minute silent videotape of an interview, and ignore the words displayed on screen during the videotape to deplete their ego strength. A handgrip task was conducted both before and after watching the videotape, with participants’ time squeezing the handgrip being the dependent variable. Result showed a significant interaction between group (ASPD/no-ASPD group) and time (baseline/post-manipulation measure). The post-manipulation result was significantly worse than the baseline result for the ASPD group, but not for the no-ASPD group. These results indicate that tasks that contribute to ego depletion lead to a deficit of self-control strength in prisoners with ASPD.     

A 21‐Locus Autosomal SNP Multiplex and its Application in Forensic Science

To develop a cost‐effective technique for single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and improve the efficiency to analyze degraded DNA, we have established a novel multiplex system including 21‐locus autosomal SNPs and amelogenin locus, which was based on allele‐specific amplification (ASA) and universal reporter primers (URP). The target amplicons for each of the 21 SNPs arranged from 63 base pair (bp) to 192 bp. The system was tested in 539 samples from three ethnic groups (Han, Mongolian, and Zhuang population) in China, and the total power of discrimination (TPD) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) were more than 0.99999999 and 0.98, respectively. The system was further validated with forensic samples and full profiles could be achieved from degraded DNA and 63 case‐type samples. In summary, the multiplex system offers an effective technique for individual identification of forensic samples and is much more efficient in the analysis of degraded DNA compared with standard STR typing.     

内蒙古中西部地区汉族、蒙古族ApoB基因遗传多态性

目的研究内蒙古中西部地区汉族、蒙古族ApoB基因遗传多态性。方法选取内蒙古中西部地区汉族、蒙古族无关个体,采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性技术,判断样本中是否含有ApoB基因中的稀有等位基因：XbaI（x＋）和＆DRI（E-）,并计算其基因型频率、等位基因频率及相关的群体遗传学参数。结果内蒙古汉族群体中稀有等位基因XbaI（x＋）和＆0RI（E-）频率分别为2％和4．6％,而在蒙古族群体中没有检测出此两种稀有等位基因。结论ApoB基因XbaI和＆0RI位点的等位基因频率分布在不同种族中差异较大,具有种族鉴定的应用可能。