Access and control of agro-biotechnology: Bt cotton,ecological change and risk in China

This article argues that if the introduction of genetically modified crops (GM crops) in developing countries is to be successful, we can and should not evade questions of access and control of technology. It implies probing into the experiences, perceptions and understanding of GM crops by the prime user: the farmer. Exactly in these respects the scholarly literature is remarkably silent. We know little about farmers' experiences and perceptions of GM crops' potential risks and benefits. This is evident when concentrating on a major GM crop – Bt cotton – and studying this in the context of China, its second largest producer in the world. Based on the results of a large survey, we demonstrate that Chinese farmers' awareness (‘having heard of’) and their understanding (‘being able to explain’) of Bt cotton is low. This may lead to ill-informed, distorted risk perceptions and a general inability to relate agricultural production problems to the specific nature of transgenic cotton cultivation. A great majority of the farmers find that the Chinese seed market was liberalised too early, in turn leading to a high incidence of ‘stealth transgenics’ or illegal seeds, the undermining of farmers' trust in private institutions, and a weakened biosafety regime. This finding points to the need for continued state intervention in the seed market, particularly in a developing context. Finally, we have discovered that farmers report a significantly lower reduction in pesticide use by Bt cotton than found in other studies. As suggested by recent research, we suspect that the higher pesticide use is necessary to control secondary pests – i.e. pests other than the cotton bollworm. We present empirical evidence that Chinese farmers perceive a substantive increase in secondary pests after Bt cotton was introduced.     

全面履行社会职能切实保证社会稳定——访新疆维吾尔自治区总工会党组书记李明

新疆维吾尔自治区工会组织在邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想的指导下,深入贯彻落实科学发展观,紧密结合新疆实际,创造性地开展工作,在维护各族职工群众切身利益、协调和处理劳动关系矛盾、反对民族分裂、参与社会管理创新、维护社会稳定等方面,充分发挥作用,取得许多成功经验.     

祖孙双单亲比对的匹配概率研究

目的推导祖孙双单亲比对的匹配概率(PMGDS)公式,并以随机模拟法进行验证。方法首先,根据定义推导PMGDS的数学公式,依据此公式在19个基因座上计算PMGDS的数值。其次,以随机模拟法设计实验,在19个基因座上计算PMGDS的模拟值。最后,以模拟值对比公式值的方式,对公式进行实验验证。结果研究获得了PMGDS的数学公式,经模拟实验验证显示出良好的符合。结论祖孙双单亲比对的错判概率较低,具有很好的应用价值。     

刑法修正案(七)侵犯军用标志犯罪解读

针对侵犯军事标志犯罪现象,<刑法修正案(七)>对原刑法条文进行了修改,增设了新的犯罪,印非法生产、买卖武装部队制式服装罪、伪造、盗窃、买卖武装部队专用标志罪、非法提供、使用武装部队专用标志罪,它们都是选择性罪名.     

领导-成员交换(Leader-member Exchange,LMX)理论研究新进展

三十多年来,许多组织学者致力于上下级之间动态关系的研究,LMX理论则是这一研究领域的核心。以往有关LMX理论的研究大都在个体水平上考察LMX的主效应,近些年来,这一有关LMX理论的研究出现了一些新的动向。文章从测量工具、分析水平以及作用机制方面对LMX理论研究的新进展进行了概述,并进一步指出未来的研究应该从概念、测量方法、认知调节变量等方面加以改进。     

The Attitudes of the Chinese Middle Class Towards Democracy

Little has been done to quantitatively establish the connection between the middle class and a specific regime type. In an effort to fill in the gap, this study uses Asian Barometer survey dataset to examine the attitudes and orientation of China’s rising middle class. We find that the Chinese middle class does show higher democratic orientation than those we categorize as lower class, but only if class is defined by occupation or by self-identification, and not by income level. We interpret this result to mean that economic development offers new life experiences with the creation of new types of professions and enhances people’s agreement with modern democratic values by arousing people’s consciousness of their new social class status.

美国"情报引导警务"的Compstat模式述评——兼与社区警务模式相比较

Compstat模式创建于美国纽约市警察局,自问世以来无异于在美国警界掀起了一场警务革命。相对于社区警务模式中注重微小问题解决以及加强警民之间亲密关系的做法,Compstat模式更注重警方在打击犯罪和维护治安方面的成效。这种以准确及时的情报作为基础的＂情报引导警务＂模式,带来了犯罪率的显著下降和管理绩效的有效提升,也使得这种模式超越了警务事业的范畴,在政府的其他部门管理中扮演着重要角色。从Compstat模式的起源、创建理念、构成原则、构成要素及应用现状等层面对这种模式加以评述,以期探讨这一模式在现代警务工作中的作用。     

谈团干部的修养

共青团是党的助手和后备军,团干部是共青团事业的承担者.团干部作为党的干部队伍中最年轻的成员,要真正成为一个党放心、群众满意的好干部,加强各方面锻炼和修养是非常必要的.只有加强学习和实践锻炼,提高各方面修养和能力,才能不负党的重托和群众的期望.     

论先秦人文思潮及其深远影响

中华民族是一个富有人文智慧的民族,早在春秋战国之际的百家争鸣时期,就掀起了中国历史上第一次波澜壮阔的人文思潮。"人文"这个概念,最早见于《周易.贲卦.彖传》,其基本含义,指的是围绕对"人"的关爱所创造出的思想观念。在第一次人文思潮中,先秦诸子的人文创造,对我们民族的文明进步,产生过极其深远的影响。尔后,历代思想家都站在自己所处的时代高度,从不同侧面丰富和发展了先秦诸子的人文理念。今天,回顾总结我国古代的人文传统,发掘其优秀成果,对于借鉴历史、服务现实、培养社会主义新人,都有不可低估的积极意义。     

危机不仅仅是经济的,也是社会的和观念的——解读20世纪二三十年代的美国大萧条与罗斯福新政

当今的全球经济危机类似于1929年开始的大萧条.反观那段历史及随后的罗斯福新政,会发现大萧条绝非一个单纯的经济危机,它更是一种观念的危机和一种对"新自由主义"、"社会达尔文主义"的修正.然而,时隔大半个世纪,自由放任主义的政治哲学以各种伪装之态重卷美国乃至整个西方世界,并伴随全球化越演越烈,让东方之国的我们也无法幸免于其所酿的经济危机的冲击.对这场经济危机作系统的、历史的回顾和社会的、观念的反思,正当其时.