和谐社会、公共治理与政府执行力

政府执行力的构成要素包括执行主体、执行工具、执行资源、执行制度、执行环境、执行过程等,这些要素在治理的意义上具有新的内涵、结构与功能,因而能够形成更强的执行力。     

科学发展观对中国特色社会主义理论体系的新贡献

科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系的创新成果。它主要围绕着三大基本问题和三大规律展开：对什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义的基本问题,揭示了社会主义建设的以人为本律、和谐发展律和共建共享律;对建设什么样的党、怎样建设党的基本问题,揭示了共产党执政的民心向背律、法定程序律和能力适应律;对实现什么样的发展和怎样发展的基本问题,揭示了人类社会的全面发展律、协调发展律和可持续发展律。     

Myocardial sarcoidosis as a rare cause of sudden cardiac death

Two relatively young women died suddenly due to myocardial sarcoidosis. Necropsy in both cases revealed compact infiltration of the ventricular septum by fibrous tissue. Histologic sections elucidated extensive granulomatous degeneration and giant cells of the Langhans' and foreign body type without central necrosis of the granulomas. Both women had been entirely free of symptoms, but in the second case of a 35-year-old, who had been 6 months pregnant, an ultrasound sonography of the heart had documented a suspicious area in the ventricular septum interpreted as a scar. Further investigations had been postponed until delivery. Isolated myocardial sarcoidosis should be taken into account as one possible cause of sudden death, especially in young people.     

基本公共服务均等化视阈下的政府间转移支付制度——从法治视角的分析

政府间转移支付制度是实现基本公共服务均等化的重要途径。从促进基本公共服务均等化的目标来看,政府间转移支付制度需要实现从政治模式向法治模式的转变。本文从基本公共服务均等化与政府间转移支付制度的关系入手,分析了政府间转移支付的传统运作模式及其不足,并从法治的视角提出了政府间转移支付制度的发展方向。     

整体型治理的行动逻辑

整体型治理是继新公共管理运动后在全球兴起的一场治理革命,它是在当前公共治理碎片化和风险社会来临的背景下为解决棘手难题而进行的公共治理结构的重建。整体性治理是从新涂尔干主义途径来寻求公共治理的协调和整合,并且运用现代信息技术来提升治理效率。当然,在寻求公共治理工具理性的同时,整体性治理通过恢复公民身份和发挥公民社会的作用来获得价值理性。     

‘May Contain Nuts’? The Reality behind the Rhetoric Surrounding the British Conservatives' New Group in the European Parliament

The British Conservative Party's decision to leave the European Peoples' Party-European Democrats (EPP-ED) group in the European Parliament and establish a new formation—the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR)—has attracted criticism, much of it focused on the supposedly extremist politics and character of the partners with which the Conservatives have chosen to work. In fact, while those parties which have joined the Conservatives in the new group are for the most part socially conservative, they are less extreme and more pragmatic than their media caricatures suggest. Moreover, such caricatures obscure some interesting incompatibilities within the new group as a whole and between some of its Central and East European members and the Conservatives, not least with regard to their foreign policy preoccupations and their by no means wholly hostile attitude to the European integration project.     

Party over Policy? Scottish Nationalism and the Politics of Independence

The Scottish National Party (SNP) won control of Scotland's devolved government in the 2007 election yet opinion polls show no majority for its objective of independence in Europe. While the party is adept at exploiting short‐term political opportunity structures in the wider British context, as well as appealing to the ‘opinion electorate’, it appears less successful at persuading a majority of Scottish voters to agree with its core ideology. Helpful parallels can be drawn between 2007 and the last time the party polled over 30 per cent of the popular vote in Scotland at the 1974 (October) British General Election—then, as now, the Scottish voter appears to be willing to distinguish between party and policy.     

Laws of encryption: An emerging legal framework

This article examines the emerging legal framework of encryption. It reviews the different categories of law that make up this legal framework, namely: export control laws, substantive cybercrime laws, criminal procedure laws, human rights laws, and cybersecurity laws. These laws are analysed according to which of the three regulatory subjects or targets they specifically address: the technology of encryption, the parties to encryption, or encrypted data and communications. For each category of law, illustrative examples of international and national laws are discussed. This article argues that understanding the legal framework of encryption is essential to determining how this technology is currently regulated and how these regulations can be improved. It concludes that the legal framework is the key to discerning the present state and future direction of encryption laws and policies.     

Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Africa

With the collapse of the Soviet bloc it was widely assumed that Cuba would be the next domino to fall. But now over ten years has passed since the demise of communism and the Castro regime is still in power with no signs of capitulation. However most analysts of contemporary Cuba still assume it is only a matter of time before the island succumbs to the forces of the market and the politics of liberal democracy. Indeed, for the regime to have resisted for so long is seen as illogical and counterproductive. Contrary to such mainstream views, this article argues that the encouragement of popular involvement in the revolution, especially through the mechanism of participation, has given the regime hidden strengths which may not only have secured its survival under extreme duress but could also offer a route through which it might emerge from the crisis. In this context the most important issue at stake in Cuba is not how quickly it can integrate with the global market or how long it can hang on to the remnants of Soviet‐style central planning, but rather how popular participative democratic practices can be channelled into an alternative development model aimed at satisfying basic needs and promoting selective engagement with the world market on terms decided by a politically engaged population.