欧盟就业男女平等政策浅析

20世纪70年代至21世纪初,欧共体/欧盟发展了由指令、建议和行动项目构成的相互关联又递进发展的就业男女平等政策。“同工同酬”到“等值同酬”之政策变化的案例诠释,反映了欧盟逐步把社会性别平等的内在涵义纳入其社会政策,并使之在共同体和成员国两个层面上并存、互动而呈现引导性强于约束性的“软政策”特征。这些成功经验之外,“不规则就业”、未被政策充分覆盖的“无酬劳动”和“家庭劳动”等,仍是欧盟部分成员国女性劳动参与的主要形式,对女性发展尚存制约作用。     

SPE、LC/ESI-MSD法分析胃内容中的溴敌隆杀鼠剂

溴敌隆(Bromadiolone)是羟基香豆素类抗凝血杀鼠剂[1],灭鼠效果好,不发生二次中毒。该类药主要是拮抗维生素K1的活性,阻碍凝血酶原的合成,损害微血管,降低血液凝固能力,导致内出血死亡。人口服中毒死亡后,出现全身广泛性出血[2]。溴敌隆的分子量大、极性强,常压下难以气化,高于200℃会分解,不适宜用气相或气质联用法进行分析,目前检测方法大多采用HPLC法[3~5]、紫外导数光谱法[6]或者薄层色谱法[2],但溴敌隆商用品大多是一对非对映异构体混合物[1],色谱是两个峰,易误判。本文使用液质联用仪,利用液相色谱的高效分离能力和质谱良好的定性…     

中毒鱼体材料中五氯酚的检验

目的　研究五氯酚的检验方法并对一起五氯酚钠投毒案进行检验。方法　采用高效液相色谱法及气相色谱 质谱联用法对案件所涉及的各种检验材料 ,尤其是鱼体材料中的五氯酚进行检验 ,同时分析新建技术的特点。结果　运用所建方法检出检材中的五氯酚。结论　所建方法可进行五氯酚钠投毒案件的检验 ,且适用范围广。     

Java多线程技术在网络通信系统中的应用

介绍了Java的关键环节多线程技术,详细说明了线程的创建、调用方法及如何实现线程的同步及相互间通信,阐述了套接字(Socket)基本原理及概念,结合一个多用户并发服务器的网络通信程序实例,说明多线程客户机/服务器模式网络通信程序开发的一般方法。     

GC／MS同时分析头发中大麻酚类和△^9-四氢大麻酸

目的建立同时分析毛发中THC、CBN、CBD和大麻主要代谢物THC-COOH的方法.方法头发检材去污处理后,加入内标氯灭酸,经NaOH水解和正己烷:乙酸乙酯(9:1)提取,吹干后衍生化,利用GC/MS-SIM方法分析.结果THC、CBN和THC-COOH的最低检出限分别为0.01、0.05和0.01ng/mg.10例阳性头发中均检出THC成分,THC浓度范围为0J 1～8.84ng/mg,有3例未检出THC-COOH,检出者的量亦低于定量下限.结论同时分析头发中的大麻酚类和△9-四氢大麻酚是可行的,头发中THC-COOH浓度明显都低于THC浓度.     

GC／TSD法检验杀虫双

目的建立一种杀虫双的GC分析方法。方法应用HP-5弹性石英毛细管柱(30m×0.53mm×1.5μm),用GC/TSD方法对生物检材中的杀虫双进行检验。结果可以快速、有效地检出中毒死亡者胃内容中的杀虫双成分。结论该方法简单、准确、快速,可很好地应用于案件的检测工作。     

WTO的环境立场与环境规则

当环境保护和可持续发展成为世界主流之时,作为经济贸易协调机制的GATT-WTO也对之充分重视。通过30年的研究、讨论、争端解决过程,WTO逐渐确立了其对环境问题的态度,在贸易规则中加入环境保护的内容。但是这些规则仍有待于进一步深化、具体和明确。可以预期环境问题将会成为国际贸易中的主要问题,面临着2002年约翰内斯堡世界可持续发展峰会,WTO的多哈回合会在环境问题上建立更多的规则。中国应当在国际法和国内法层面为实现可持续发展努力。     

Classroom training in sexual victimization awareness and prevention skills: An extension of the Red Flag/Green Flag people program

This study is an extension of a previous evaluation of a program (Red Flag/Green Flag) in which children, parents, and teachers were exposed to a workbook and film designed to teach personal safety strategies for preventing sexual victimization or encouraging adult assistance through disclosure of such incidents. In the current investigation, only children and their teachers received this didactic training program. Children and teachers from neighboring schools were assigned to a Training or Control group. Self-reports from children, teachers, and parents, as well as guidance counselor incident reports, were obtained to evaluate outcome. Results indicated greater gains in general knowledge and prevention skills at post-training and 6-month follow-up for trained than control children. Some improvements were made by trained teachers and parents of trained children. Child reports of personal experiences and guidance counselor incident reports were in accord with the assistance component of the program. However, the pattern of reports across sources is difficult to interpret. The findings are discussed in light of salient issues regarding the content of training, child disclosure, and methodology.     

H9N2亚型禽流感病毒聚合酶基因的克隆及序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法对1株H9N2亚型禽流感病毒Ck/GS/2/99株RNA聚合酶基因PB2、PB1和PA分别进行了扩增,将其克隆到pGEM-T easy载体后进行序列测定与分析。结果表明,该株病毒的PB2、PB1和PA基因开放阅读框(ORF)分别由2280、2274和2 151个碱基组成,分别编码759、757和716个氨基酸。经同源性与系统发生树分析,该毒株RNA聚合酶基因PB2、PB1和PA与Ck/NX/4/99株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均在98%以上,另外这3个基因与Dk/HK/Y280/97、Sw/HK/9/98和Qu/HK/NT/28/99株的关系密切。     

Self-reported crime rates of women prisoners

This paper presents findings from the first study of female prisoners' self-reports of criminal activity. Using the criminal career paradigm to frame the analysis, self-reported estimates of crime participation and frequency rates were examined for eight felony crimes. Important similarities between women and men were found in overall patterns of crime. Specifically, a small proportion ofboth women and men described committing a large portion of the total crimes reported. These data also suggest that women and men are similar in violent crime participation — a finding that varies from the current literature. Once active in a crime type, women and men committed assault, theft, and forgery at significantly different rates; no gender differences were found in the annualized frequency rates of burglary, robbery, motor vehicle theft, fraud, and drug dealing. However, although statistical differences were not found in the overall frequency of drug dealing, specific patterns of drug dealing reflected considerable gender variation, with a larger proportion of the female sample committing very frequent (daily) drug dealing activity. The findings reflect the value of the criminal career paradigm for the study of gender differences. Future research should include largescale quantitative designs that allow detailed analyses of correlates of the distinct criminal career dimensions.Points of view are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Justice.This research was funded in part by the National Institute of Justice, Grant 87-IJ-CX-0048.