艾滋病人犯罪的司法难点与解决对策探微

在谈＂艾＂色变的当今社会,艾滋病人已成为一个特殊的群体,被＂标签化＂。而基于这一特殊身份,艾滋病人犯罪造成司法办案过程中的诸多困难。但是面对艾滋病人犯罪愈发的严重态势,必须及时应对并提出解决对策,探讨控制这种态势的有效途径。     

认识法医学中的AIDS

获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquiredimmune deficiency syndrome,AIDS),又称爱滋病,其发病率呈逐渐上升趋势,尤其在需要法医病理学鉴定的尸体中所占的比例可能更高.其流行病学研究业已取得较大进展.法医如何认识爱滋病,在实践检案中如何加强自我保护,在国外法医同道中有一些成熟的理论和操作方法;但在国内法医学界,对这些问题的认识尚有差距.作者从国内外刊物上摘录有关内容加以整理,从流行病学、临床学、鉴定学及鉴定中的防范措施等方面入手,目的在于引起法医学界对爱滋病的重视,避免对该类案例的误鉴,拜促进防范措施的建立,以利于自我保护.     

中国艾滋病立法三题——以制定《艾滋病防治条例》为例

近年来我国日益严峻的艾滋病形势要求加快艾滋病防治条例的立法进程。在制定条例时,要坚持立法的基本原则,按照立法依据制定条例。条例内容主要应包括法规名称、总则内容、分则内容和附则内容。     

社会工作介入“受艾滋病影响的失依儿童”抗逆力养成——基于河南省ZMD市的循证研究

本文在社会工作视域下检视受艾滋病影响的失依儿童的抗逆力。本文发现这些儿童表现出生成的差异性、养成的向光性和实践的断裂性等特质。坚持循证实践,依据解构困境、建构意义、重构生活、整合资源的逻辑,进行社会工作专业干预,能有效地促进服务对象抗逆力的提升。     

公安民警预防艾滋病职业暴露的同伴教育模式探索

公安民警是艾滋病职业暴露风险最大的一类人群,如何对其开展有效的预防艾滋病职业暴露教育是一项迫切、必要的工作。从新的视角,对公安民警预防艾滋病职业暴露同伴教育的涵义、特征、目的和优势等进行了理论研究;基于云南公安工作实际,开展了该同伴教育模式的实践探索;初步建立了公安民警预防艾滋病职业暴露同伴教育的云南模式“政工部门为主导,同伴教育者为关键,民警需求为基础,专家学者为支持,督导检查为动力”。     

Beyond public administration? HIV/AIDS policy networks and the transformation of public administration in Botswana

What impact has HIV/AIDS had on the structure of public administration and what further lessons do these changes hold for other policy sectors in Botswana? For long, Botswana has had the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS, bringing many developmental challenges. An under‐researched facet of HIV/AIDS is the effect it had on the public administration in Botswana. Whereas classical approaches to public administration suggest that it is ‘civil’ service organisations that lead in health administration, HIV/AIDS spawned a particular type of organisation, the policy network. In mitigating HIV/AIDS, the policy environment became more fragmented with networks for treatment, prevention, advocacy and research emerging. These networks are made up of entities from the public, private for‐profit and not for‐profit sectors. They participate in the agenda setting, formulation, implementation and monitoring and evaluation of HIV/AIDS policy. Traditional public administration theories cease to hold sway; private actors become engaged in ‘public policy’ and the other way round. Policy is carried out in horizontal arrangements; linking government, business and non‐governmental organisations in mutual inter‐dependences. Health care professionals share policy spaces with the media, social scientists and politicians. New challenges face public policy‐making including co‐ordination problems, fragmented accountability and shared policy spaces. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

青年志愿者和艾滋病

青年志愿者对艾滋病非常关注,也有对艾滋病感染者和病人进行志愿关怀服务的愿望,倾向于从事改变周围人群态度入手的间接志愿服务工作。但是,大部分青年志愿者没有受过相关的培训,没有做好与愿望相称的相关准备。同时,青年志愿者对组成网络合作进行面向艾滋病人和感染者的关怀志愿活动有强烈的兴趣,志愿者之间的互动对他们态度的改变和能力的提升具有很深的影响。     

我国的吸毒者中艾滋病流行现状与预防措施

目前在我国,吸毒者是艾滋 病感染的高危人群,静脉注射吸毒是 艾滋病的主要传播途径。绝大多数吸 毒者有艾滋病感染／传播的高危行为, 如共用注射器、商业性行为,并且性行 为中有半数从不戴安全套。因此,了解 吸毒者中艾滋病流行现状,提出可行 的预防控制措施十分必要。     

试论用“关爱”抗击艾滋病恶魔

根据当前及将来艾滋病在我国发展的态势,我们应当充分认识到艾滋病已不单纯是一个医学问题,也是一个社会问题.给艾滋病病人和艾滋病病毒感染者有一个良好的社会环境和正常的生活环境,就有利于控制艾滋病蔓延,有利于减少或避免艾滋病病毒的感染,有利于社会安定.从这个角度来说,关爱艾滋病人和艾滋病感染者,是抗击艾滋病恶魔的一个重要方面.     

The Importance of Social and Political Context: The Case of AIDS Activism

We utilize a 1992 survey of approximately, 2500 AIDS activists to analyze their degree of participation. Activity levels were affected by several traditional predictors, but the inclusion of contextual measures indicating the activists' connection with AIDS, especially the pain and loss incurred, led to a much fuller and more complex explanatory model. We argue that a richer comprehension of political participation requires more studies of issue-specific activists and the specification of contexual features that serve to motivate more intensive degrees of participation.