Food insecurity and ART adherence in Swaziland: the case for coordinated faith-based and multi-sectoral action

ABSTRACT

Faith-based organisations (FBOs) have long been involved in HIV and AIDS impact mitigation and humanitarian relief, but most are not equipped to intervene in the structural drivers of food insecurity and attendant health inequities. Acknowledging limitations is as paramount a task for organisational effectiveness as maximising strengths. This article reports findings from a study of HIV-positive care supporters who volunteer with a church-run home-based care organisation in Swaziland. The article seeks to assess the impact of chronic food insecurity on antiretroviral adherence practices and how these individuals manage daily food shortages. Findings highlight the limited capacities of FBOs in highly vulnerable settings and the imperative for international and governmental coordination.     

From rhetoric to reality: an NGO’s challenge for reaching the furthest behind

The guiding principle of Agenda 2030 is the commitment to “leave no one behind”. However, as the Millennium Development Goals experience has demonstrated, there remains a “rhetoric-implementation gap” where local stakeholders struggle to realistically respond to policies formulated at the global level. This article proposes a way forward for NGOs seeking to translate the rhetoric of Agenda 2030 into reality. It presents an integrated and multi-sectoral approach to meet the challenges of an NGO working to ameliorate the basic needs of women who are affected by HIV/AIDS and limited WaSH provisions in the impoverished rural community of Lyantonde, Uganda.     

WTO体制下艾滋病药物强制许可的合法性探析--兼论我国艾滋病药物强制许可的启动

随着艾滋病在世界的不断蔓延 ,一些发展中国家纷纷启动艾滋病药物的强制许可 ;而一些西方国家及医药公司则反对艾滋病药物的强制许可 ,认为其是非法的。本文以WTO为视野 ,从国际法的角度论证了艾滋病药物强制许可的合法性 ,并提出了艾滋病药物强制许可对我国的借鉴意义     

当前艾滋病人违法犯罪现状及打击对策(下)

（四）预防控制缺少良策。对于这种新型的违法犯罪,许多地区无论从社会面的预防还是在对他们的管控上,目前来看,还都没有切实管用的办法。首先是对流动人口中的艾滋病违法犯罪人员难以掌控。沈阳市艾滋病人违法犯罪人员中有90％是流动人口。种种迹象表明,艾滋病人违法犯罪极具流窜性的特征。但是,由于种种原因,无论是这些人的流出地还是流入地、无论是疾病监控部门还是治安管理部门,目前都很难实施对他们的掌控,基本处于底数不清、情况不明的状况。     

Policy adoption in dynamic international environments: Evidence from national AIDS programs

The policy adoption is often seen as a function of internal determinants, external determinants, or a combination of the two. In the years since the start of the HIV/AIDS epidemic nearly every country in the world has adopted of some nature a program to combat the epidemic. This article demonstrates the mixed mechanisms influencing the adoption of AIDS programs, in a quantitative study of 90 countries. Prior studies have claimed that multilateral organizations were vital to global action against the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study provides empirical evidence showing the actions taken by the multilateral organizations have both helped and hindered efforts to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The European Union and transnational health policy networks: a case study of interaction with the Global Fund

This article examines the nature of the engagement between the European Union and the Global Fund created to combat HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. The authors reveal that in relations between the EU and the Fund, influence is reciprocal although asymmetrical with the EU commanding more leverage. They also contend that the EU considers its engagement with the Global Fund as successful to the extent that the success of this interaction is contingent on the Global Fund's capacity for implementation. They conclude that the relationship between the EU and the Fund will continue for the foreseeable future.     

艾滋病、小偷与立法

“艾滋小偷”正在成为一个严重的社会问题。“艾滋小偷”对他人的种种不法伤害,是 现阶段一种新的违法行为,造成实际传染后果的应当构成犯罪。“艾滋小偷”不仅犯有盗窃罪,同 时又伴有吸毒、贩毒、嫖娼、敲诈、抢劫等多种犯罪。我国应尽快修改和完善《刑法》、《看守所条 例》、《强制戒毒法》、《传染病防治法》、《监狱法》等法律法规,早日出台《艾滋病防治条例》,以便统 一监管和及时惩治各类艾滋病犯罪。     

减低艾滋病危害措施与中国禁毒法律冲突问题初探

艾滋病严重威胁着人类生存与健康 ,为了有效控制艾滋病的蔓延 ,“减少伤害”的策略应运而生 :外展活动、同伴教育、药物替代治疗、针具项目、提供安全套。但是 ,目前世界上通常所使用的减低艾滋病危害的有效措施与我国现行的法律和政策有诸多抵触的地方 ,如何协调国家政策、法律与减低危害措施的实施是一个亟待解决的课题。     

妇女与艾滋病防治

本文从流行现状与特征、干预策略与措施、防治对策及手段等,多角度分析在妇女中开展艾滋病防治健康教育与行为干预工作的必要性、重要性与紧迫性。建议全社会更多地关注女性在艾滋病预防控制工作中的重要地位及所发挥的作用,共同抗击艾滋病对人类健康和社会进步所构成的威胁,倡导共享人类健康文明,实现构建和谐社会的目标。     

艾滋病立法与国际人权保障

国际社会已经达成共识,认为有效地控制艾滋病与人权保障之间存在着密切关系,而法律则是实现防治艾滋病的一个重要手段。因此,现实和未来都要求各国通过以保障人权为核心的相关立法,充分保护艾滋病病人和艾滋病病毒感染者的各项基本权利,切实调动社会各方面的积极因素来战胜艾滋病,最终维护人类的共同利益,实现社会的可持续发展。对此,在国际人权法的框架下,结合艾滋病的流行特点,国际社会和许多国家近年来制订了不少准则和法律,以阻止艾滋病的进一步传播。