Civil society

The idea of civil society has proved very elusive, escaping conceptual grasps and evading sure-footed negotiation of the concept itself. Resurrected in a very definite historical setting, that of authoritarian states, the concept of civil society came to signify a set of social and political practices that sought to engage with state power. The close connection with the re-emergence of the concept and the collapse of dictatorial states made civil society attractive to a variety of political agents pursuing different agendas: expanding the market at the expense of the state, transiting from mass politics to single-issue and localised campaigns, undermining confidence in accepted modes of representation such as political parties, and in general shrinking the domain of the state and that of accepted modes of politics. That the concept of civil society could suit such a variety of different political projects is cause for some alarm, for it might well mean that civil society has come to mean everything to everyone remotely interested in it.     

企业诚信与和谐社会

自从2005年苏丹红事件席卷全国,2006年9月,上海发生瘦肉精中毒事件,食品安全逐渐成为人们讨论的一个热门话题。2008年的三鹿奶粉事件的发生,再次引起人们的思考,并成为今年两会所关注的热点问题。是什么导致食品安全事件接连发生,探究其中的原因,无外乎是企业监管制度的缺失,以及法规政策的缺位等等,文章从企业诚信这个角度导入寻求答案,从而分析企业诚信对建设和谐社会的意义。     

市民社会视野下的社区民警绩效评估机制

市民社会为社区民警的绩效评估提供了一种新的理论分析视角。目前我国社区民警的绩效考核在考核主体、考核内容、考核程序、考核结果的运用等考核体系中存在种种问题。用市民社会理论对社区民警绩效考核评估问题进行分析,从理论上讲,符合未来警务机制、政治体制乃至整个社会机制改革的要求;从实践上讲,也更符合当前中国社会所提倡的“以人为本”的执政理念,从而进一步加快社区民．擎缔蔚评估工作的拼程．     

提高建设先进文化能力与构建和谐社会

社会的存在和发展离不开先进文化的维系和推动。构建社会主义和谐社会,必须不断提高建设先进文化的能力,大力发展社会主义文化,为社会和谐打牢共同思想基础、营造和谐舆论环境、创造良好文化条件、提供强大精神动力和智力支持。     

强化政府信用促进社会和谐

加强政府信用建设是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要组成部分,也是构建社会信用体系的关键.政府信用失范是政府信用缺失、信用贫困、信用滥用、信用危机的统称,政府信用失范将会造成政府失效乃至政府失败.要提高政府信用,必须重视政府的信用意识,做到依法行政,言出有据、言而有信.同时,要进一步转变政府职能,规范政府行为.在目前政府主导形态下,政府信用的提高和信用危机的克服主要仰赖于政府的行为自主性即政府自觉.     

打击黑社会性质组织犯罪中的证人保护问题研究

在当前打击黑社会性质组织犯罪的过程中,证人起着十分重要的作用。然而,无论我国的立法还是司法实践都缺乏对证人应有的保护和处遇,导致目前刑事证人作证率偏低。为了改变这种状况,国家应该提供经费,建立起专门、统一的司法机构,保障证人及其近亲属的安全。     

缅甸佛教与王权

本文考察了缅甸上座部佛教发展的历史及其特征,指出缅甸佛教的久远流传与王权的护持密不可分。王权、僧伽与佛法之间共存共荣是缅甸政治发展、僧伽繁荣与佛教流传的根本原因。佛教作为缅甸民族文化的核心与根基,对缅甸社会产生了广泛而深远的影响。     

论和谐社会的本质特征与实现路径

构建和谐社会是人类社会的理想,只有深刻把握其本质特征才有可能实现。和谐社会的本质特征体现在六个方面:公平正义、规则有序、协调均衡、价值坚守、社群互认和宽容仁爱。和谐社会的构建需要历经两个阶段:法理阶段的社会和谐和伦理阶段的社会和谐,前者是和谐的基础阶段,后者则是成熟阶段。实现社会和谐应从基础阶段开始,以对公民权利的诉求为实现路径的开端,在各利益集团、各社会阶层相互博弈过程中达到多方利益的相对平衡。尔后向成熟阶段发展,以对他人和社会承担义务和责任的首要诉求为实现路径的开端,通过内敛与自我约束而达到非博弈状态下的利益平衡。这才是理想状态下的社会和谐,因为体现了更丰富的道德内涵和本质上的公平正义。     

Anatomy of creeping authoritarianism in Bangladesh: a historical analysis of some events that shaped the present state of Bangladesh’s culture and politics

ABSTRACT

This paper offers a critical analysis of creeping authoritarianism in Bangladesh’s culture and politics. Political events since the 1940s that have shaped the presently unstable state of Bangladesh’s society are interpreted specifically in terms of their cultural and political significance. One important aspect of this unstable political state is the ongoing search for Bangladeshi national identity. Accordingly, the paper seeks to answer the questions of why and how the present sociocultural and political divisions in Bangladesh have emerged from the fundamental debate over whether (1) Bengali ethnicity, language, culture, and secularism, (2) Muslim nationalism or (3) a combination of both should become the marker of Bangladesh’s national identity to secure social and political stability. Furthermore, recent social, religious and political developments across the Muslim world suggest that attempts to introduce ultra-secularism in some Muslim-majority countries since the 1950s have led to authoritarianism, a movement which has ultimately ended or will soon end through popular Islamic upsurges. Bangladesh seems to be moving toward such social and political change, as the people have become restless in their desire to remove creeping authoritarian, the mark of a repressive regime that has emerged since the early 1970s. The key lesson that can be drawn from the extant literature on this issue in the context of Bangladesh is that the extreme form of secularism or ultra-secularism, which the present ruling Awami League and its left-communist allies continue to advance and impose from above, is neither desirable nor acceptable to Bangladeshi Muslims whilst there is clear movement away from ultra-secularism by other Muslim-majority countries. This paper draws the conclusion that since neither assertive secularism nor theocratic Islamism can flourish in Bangladesh, a competitive democratic political order that accommodates aspects of both secularism and Islamic ethical-moral codes could be a feasible model for the achievement of social, cultural and political stability that is so fundamental to the promotion of steady economic growth and social justice.     

构建社会主义和谐社会的多重价值维度探析

构建社会主义和谐社会是一个充满价值色彩的命题。与以往的人们对和谐社会的憧憬和设计相比,当前中国的实践无疑具有自身的性质、内容、目标和手段,从而决定其理论研究和实际操作都具有独特的、多样化的、整体性的价值维度及取向。