Security Identities and ‘No More,No Less’ Operations: On Making NATO's Involvement in Darfur Possible

This article explores NATO's support mission to the African Union's peacekeeping operation in Darfur, Sudan between 2005 and 2007. NATO policies are commonly presented as functional responses to events, but how did a conflict on the African continent become the Atlantic Alliance's business? In this essay, a poststructuralist practice-oriented approach is used to understand the way in which discursive practices progressively establish a policy option as ‘natural' in a given situation. It is argued that the normalization of NATO's support mission to the African Union in Darfur and the integration of this operation in NATO's security identity were the result of complex and conflict-ridden social interactions between different discursive practices supported by different actors.     

评析外国直接投资对非洲国家经济发展的影响

2000年以来,基于科学技术突飞猛进的发展和国际产业分工格局的深刻变化,经济全球化趋势加速深化。外国直接投资作为国际资本流动的主要方式已经成为带动新兴发展中国家经济体快速增长的重要手段之一。随着非洲大陆外国直接投资流入规模的不断增加,外资在非洲东道国经济发展中的重要性日益增加。当前外资对于非洲国家的资本形成、制度变迁、对外贸易、技术进步、可持续发展等方面都产生了一定影响。非洲国家应该权衡利弊,提高对外资的吸收能力,更好地通过利用外资实现经济发展。     

非洲交通发展现状及前景

自20世纪80年代以来,虽然以轨道交通、飞机、汽船、汽车、管道运输为基础的新式现代交通体系进一步打破了非洲各地区之间的地理分割,但是现代非洲交通仍不能适应非洲各国发展经济建设的需要。非洲交通发展存在不少制约因素,如国家贫困,政府用于基础设施建设资金不足;自然环境恶劣,交通建设与维护难度巨大;专业人才缺乏,管理不善;交通方式落后,大陆内部一体水平较低。鉴此,非洲国家宜借鉴其他国家经验,结合本国国情,拓宽筹资渠道,改革管理机制,促进交通运输事业的进一步发展。     

Contracting for Indigenous Health Care: Towards Mutual Accountability

In Australia and other industrialised countries, governments contract with the non‐government sector for the provision of primary health care to indigenous peoples. Australian governments have developed policies and funding programs to support this health sector, but the current arrangements are unduly complex and fragmented. The results of our study show that the complex contractual environment for Aboriginal Community‐Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) and their funders is an unintended but inevitable result of a quasi‐classical approach to contracts applied by multiple funders. The analysis in this article highlights potential policy and program changes that could improve the effectiveness of funding and accountability arrangements, based on the use of an alliance contracting model, better performance indicators and greater clarity in the relative roles of national and jurisdictional governments.     

国内社会保障研究的知识图谱与热点主题——基于文献计量学共词分析的视角

近年来,社会保障一直是社会关注的热点话题,也是公共管理学科中一个研究热点。本文以中国期刊全文数据库作为数据来源,以2001至2010年共3094篇社会保障研究的核心期刊论文为样本,采用文献计量学的共词分析方法及其可视化技术,绘制出国内社会保障研究热点的知识图谱。根据知识图谱的导引,进一步挖掘出了国内社会保障近十年研究的六大热点主题:农村社会保障、城市化进程中农民工社会保障问题、社会保障主题内容、社会保障筹资及社会保障基金管理、社会保障制度改革、社会保障与政府责任。从纵向来考察十年间社会保障研究的热点主题,则在相对稳定中呈现出不断发展变化的趋势。结合高频关键词的变化趋势和经济社会发展方向,笔者预测今后一段时期社会保障城乡一体化、社会保障城乡统筹、社会保障与社会公平等话题会成为社会保障研究热点的增长点。     

“恢复性”的背后——恢复性司法的法理学批判

恢复性司法研究始于1970年代,目前已经在很多国家和地区展开了试点。它的起源带有基督教的宗教因素,其正义观带有自然法的色彩;并且,恢复性司法受1970年代西方被害人运动的推动,具有后现代主义法学的"解构"特征。本质上说,恢复性司法是"非法治"的,它是西方市民运动的产物,是对传统刑事司法的颠覆。对于中国这样一个市民社会还不发达,而且复仇主义和暴力文化具有悠久历史的国家而言,引入恢复性司法的可行性是值得商榷的。     

Teaching Obama: history,critical race theory and social work education

ABSTRACT

Barack Obama's first autobiography, Dreams from My Father (1995), explores themes of race and identity up to the late 1980s in the life of the first African American president. The book emphasizes Obama's personal struggle as the son of an interracial couple, and the social and environmental context that shaped his growth and transformation. Using the tools of critical race theory, Freeman illustrates how Obama's autobiography can be used in the classroom to explore an individual's developing racial consciousness in the 1970s and 1980s, and as a prism through which students can understand what it means to live in the post-civil-rights-movement era. Obama's life history illuminates how the ideas and meanings of racial progress in the United States are contested and struggled over on a daily basis at both the micro and macro level.     

Race,rape and capital punishment in Connecticut to 1830

ABSTRACT

Goodheart's narrative of the death penalty in early Connecticut argues that the racist depiction of black men as violent sexual predators who preyed on white women goes back hundreds of years and flourished in New England. The depiction of African American men as lascivious and dangerous was well established during slave times. The resulting prosecutorial treatment of black-on-white rape was remarkably consistent during the colonial and early national period. After the only white man was hanged for rape in 1693, the remaining five executions were all of Blacks. No one of any race was hanged for the rape of a Native American or African American woman. A marker of the marginalization of African Americans is that the final person hanged in Connecticut for a crime other than homicide was a black man for rape in 1817. This persistent pattern of prejudice is a telling example of the impact of race on criminal justice, especially the capital crime of rape.     

Do Blacks Speak with one Voice? Immigrants,Public Opinions,and Perceptions of Criminal Injustices

This paper tests core tenets of the theory of African-American offending proposed by Unnever and Gabbidon. Their theory posits that African-Americans have a common worldview on matters of race that is related to their offending. However, Unnever and Gabbidon further hypothesize that immigrant blacks do not fully embrace the worldview shared by US-born blacks. Using a 2008 national Gallup poll, we examine whether US-born blacks share a common worldview and whether foreign-born blacks differ in their opinions on key issues including: criminal injustices, the state of American race relations, attitudes towards immigration and illegal immigrants, and the perception of mobility within American society. The results partially confirm their two key hypotheses; there are no entrenched differences in the public opinions of US-born blacks on race-related matters while immigrant blacks do not wholly endorse their worldview. We discuss the implications of these two findings in relation to how scholars conceptualize offending among blacks.