African American Adolescent Engagement in the Classroom and Beyond: The Roles of Mother’s Racial Socialization and Democratic-Involved Parenting

Previous research has explored how differential youth outcomes are associated with racial socialization and parenting style individually, but very little work has examined whether democratic-involved parenting style bolsters the positive link between racial messages and adolescent outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine mothers’ use of democratic-involved parenting as a moderator of the association between racial socialization (e.g., racial pride, racial barrier, and self-worth messages) and youth engagement. The types of engagement explored were attitudes toward class work and persistence on task. Ninety-four African American youth (ages 11–14) reported on maternal style and socialization. As predicted, racial barrier socialization was positively associated with engagement among adolescents who perceived their mothers to provide more involvement coupled with opportunities for their teens to make decisions. In contrast, barrier socialization and engagement were negatively associated among adolescents who viewed their mothers as low in democratic-involved parenting. Implications for adolescent engagement and for research on racial socialization and democratic-involved parenting style are discussed.

1979～2012年中国有关朝鲜半岛问题的研究状况--基于“中国知网”相关文献的分析

本文以“中国知网”收录的有关朝鲜半岛问题的学术文献为研究对象,考察1979 ～2012年中国学界对朝鲜半岛问题的研究状况.在指标上,本文选取论文发表数量的年代分布、论文选题的主题分布、论文发文量居前6位的作者分布、论文发文量居前10位的单位分布、论文发文量居前10位的期刊分布、有关韩国研究和朝鲜研究的变迁对比这6个指标.通过对这些指标的详细考察,结论部分对1979 ～2012年中国有关朝鲜半岛问题研究的趋势和状况进行了基本描述,并从机制建设、研究方法革新、研究侧重点加强等几个层面提出了下一步研究时的建议.     

The writer as social thinker

Social theory in, and social theorising about, Africa has largely ignored African literature. Yet, the works of African writers constitute potential sources for the analysis of social thought and for constructing social theory in the continent. Indeed, African writers offer the kinds of abstractions, comparisons, frameworks and critical reflections on the African lifeworld – and the place of the African in the global context in the longue durée – without which it will be impossible to fully account for the nature of being, existence and reality and the nature and scope of knowledge in the African context. This introduction to the special issue on ‘Writers and Social Thought in Africa’ attempts to bring the social sciences back into conversation with literature (and vice versa) in re-articulating the philosophical dimensions of literature and the social sciences. It re-emphasises the role of African creative writers, not merely as intellectuals whose works mirror or can be used to mirror social thought, but as social thinkers themselves who engage with the nature of existence and questions of knowledge in the continent – and beyond.     

关于推进职工代表提案工作的实践与思考

维护职工权益是工会的基本职责,民主管理是维护职工权益、表达和反映职工诉求的渠道。北京市疾病预防控制中心从第一届职工代表大会开始建立职工代表提案制度。随着民主制度的不断健全与完善,职工群众参政议政的积极性越来越高,也就更加关心职工代表提案的有效落实。     

Rural and Non-Rural African American Youth: Does Context Matter in the Etiology of Problem Behaviors?

The current study provides new information on the etiology of adolescent problem behaviors in African American youth by testing the importance of known predictors, namely parenting measures (monitoring, support, and communication), peers, and neighborhood characteristics across rural and non-rural developmental contexts. More specifically, the study examined whether rural versus non-rural developmental contexts moderated the relationships between known predictors and a variety of problem behaviors (alcohol use, drug use, delinquency, and violence). Data were collected from N = 687 rural and N = 182 non-rural African American adolescents (mean age = 15.8 years). Findings indicate that both parenting constructs and peer deviance had significant effects on problem behaviors and that these effects were consistent across rural and non-rural developmental contexts. The study results are discussed in terms of their implications for ecological frameworks for testing problem behavior etiology.

The Secret of West Indian Success

For nearly a century, black immigrants from the West Indies have enjoyed greater economic success than African Americans. Several explanations have been proposed for this trend, but until now, none of these explanations have been subjected to systematic scrutiny. Recent efforts to adjudicate among them indicate that West Indian success can be attributed entirely to the “selectivity of migration”. This phrase refers to the tendency of people who migrate to be more talented and determined than the compatriots they leave behind. One implication of this discovery is that sympathetic observers should stop exhorting African Americans to behave more like West Indians. Such pleas are inappropriate because West Indian success is a consequence of choosing to move, not a consequence of Caribbean birth. A second implication is that persons of West Indian background remain vulnerable to racism. The new findings provide no evidence that positive selection protects West Indians from the negative stereotypes that Americans associate with black skin.

Is the Ceiling Truly Glass or Something More Variable?

Women advance more rapidly in the appointive executive and judicial branches than in the elected legislative branch at both national and state levels. Demand side and supply side factors explain much of this. In particular, greater male variability restricts the opportunity for gender equity.

法学研究的新视野:对法律的经济学分析

市场经济的快速发展,带动了法学理论研究的革新.法律经济学分析方法的产生,为我们认识和评价法律提供了新的视角.法律的经济学分析方法产生的前提是法学与经济学在价值观和研究主题上有关联性,现代经济学为法律成本效率的研究提供了便利.效益原则、供求原则及均衡原则是法律经济学构架的核心.法律经济学的研究和发展,有助于推进中国法律制度的改革.     

辨析三机关互相制约和检察监督引发的几点思考

制约和监督是限制国家权力的两种方式.刑事诉讼是强大的国家向孤立的个人发动的一场追诉活动,运行其中的国家权力应当受到限制.作为刑事诉讼基本原则的三机关互相制约和检察监督,是刑事诉讼中有中国特色的限制国家权力方式,两者存在本质区别.检察机关对未生效裁判的抗诉不属于检察监督范畴.我国应当赋予人民法院对检察机关提起公诉以独立的司法审查权.     

能源安全观与中欧对非能源 可持续开发模式比较

欧洲视非洲为其传统势力范围,在一体化进程中也始终将非洲作为其身份的外部对应,将其置于非常重要的地缘政治战略地位。过去十年来,非洲经济迅速发展,考虑到非洲大陆蕴涵着丰富的能源资源,欧盟日益关注在非洲的利益,通过倡导“可持续”能源开发理念,对非洲实施新的能源开发布局。新中国成立以来,中国同非洲一直保持着积极友好的合作关系,随着中国经济的崛起,非洲不仅成为中国能源安全多样化风险分担的重要地区,也是中国实施“走出去”战略的重要实验场所。中国援助非洲把资源优势转化为经济发展优势,结合中国经验走出了“以基础设施建设换能源”的对非洲能源开发模式,取得了不俗的成绩。由于中国和欧盟对能源安全的可持续性有着不同的理解,导致双方在非洲能源开发中走出了两条不同的路径。非洲对基础设施建设和能源可持续开发的关注,促进了中国和欧盟在非洲能源开发中的合作。