英美法系的证据审查与认定原理

英美法系证据规则具有庞杂性、无序性和技术性等特点,最突出的特点是对证据审查与认定的特有方式与过程.从形式和内容上,这些方式和过程看似杂乱无序,缺乏系统性和完整性,它们或表现为证据法和证据规则的使用,如证据排除规则与例外;或表现为法官的裁量,如英国普遍采用的排除裁量权;或表现为当事人自治的对抗制质证模式,如证人出庭接受询问和交叉询问制度等.在英国,非法或使用不公平手段获得证据由法官通过裁量排除的方式予以处理.传统上,决定不当获得的证据是否予以排除的原则包含三个方面,第一个原则是证据的可靠性;第二个原则是威慑非法取得证据的行为;第三个原则是保护被告人的权利.     

配偶权与离婚损害赔偿制度探析

离婚损害赔偿制度的确立是我国婚姻家庭法律制度的一大进步,对保护婚姻当事人的合法权益起到了重要作用,但由于婚姻法的相关规定比较原则,在立法、司法中仍然存在一些需要明辩的问题。     

论医院的紧急救治权——兼论《医疗事故处理条例》第33条

在患者处于危机情形时，医院根据法律规定对患者负有紧急救治的法定权利和义务，但是这种权利义务不得与患者自己对于治疗的决定权相冲突；在患者无法行使治疗决定权的情况下，医院的紧急救治权也不得与患者家属的治疗决定权相冲突。     

A PRACTITIONER'S PERSPECTIVE ON UNIFIED FAMILY COURTS: CASE STUDIES

As a summary of simple examples demonstrating practical advantages of a family court, this article relates a few experiences from the perspective of a family law attorney who practices regularly in the Fulton County Family Division in Atlanta.     

KEY LINKAGES BETWEEN CHILD WELFARE AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT: SOCIAL FUNCTIONING IMPROVEMENTS AND CLIENT SATISFACTION IN A FAMILY DRUG TREATMENT COURT*

This article summarizes early findings regarding social functioning and client satisfaction from a longitudinal study of women receiving treatment in a family drug treatment court located in the Midwestern United States (N = 33). Drug treatment court participants were interviewed at program entry and when they had completed 6 months of treatment. Family drug court participants reported significant improvements in employment status and increases in earned income after 6 months of treatment. Respondents also reported improved social functioning and high overall levels of satisfaction with treatment. Findings and implications for future research are discussed.     

刑事诉讼家庭模式的再评价--从对抗到合作

在现代社会,价值多元、利益分化,传统的刑事诉讼模式过分强调对抗,这种所谓"争斗模式"自身存在无法解决的种种矛盾,而以家庭模式为代表的合作型刑事诉讼模式提倡控辩双方通过对话与合作,寻求案件的解决.合作型刑事诉讼模式的产生,是与现代国家的发展样态相适应的,因此有必要对格里费斯的家庭模式重新加以探讨,以应对刑事程序的改革.     

对切实发挥基层工会作用的思考

基层工会要切实发挥作用,必须建立健全基层工会组织体制;从"两项制度"入手,建立基层工会维权的监督、制约和保证机制;通过深入开展建家活动,增强基层工会的凝聚力;适应基层工会有效开展活动的需求,建立工会干部管理、保障和培训制度;同时在新形势下要加强工会理论研究和调研工作,构建基层工会工作创新机制.     

EMPOWERMENT,INNOVATION, AND SERVICE: LAW SCHOOL PROGRAMS PROVIDE ACCESS TO JUSTICE AND INSTILL A COMMITMENT TO SERVE

Law schools around the country seek to fill the legal needs of their communities in ways that are both innovative and mutually beneficial to clients and students. This article describes five pro bono and clinical programs, at the University of Richmond School of Law, The Earle Mack School of Law at Drexel University, Catholic University Columbus School of Law, the Thomas Jefferson School of Law, and Vermont Law School, where law students, under the supervision of law professors or community professionals, provide assistance or legal representation to underserved and often marginalized populations needing help with family law problems, including parents accused of abuse and neglect, youth aging out of foster care, homeless families, survivors of domestic violence, homeless veterans with addiction problems, and female prisoners. To develop their programs, the five law schools from the outset collaborated with partners in the community, and they continue to do so as their programs expand and evolve. In addition to helping and empowering clients, these law schools are providing experiential learning opportunities that are transformative for their students. The authors hope that these programs will be instructive for law schools, other academic institutions, the legal community, and community organizations in developing creative collaborations to ensure better access to justice.     

Legal countermeasures for domestic violence: From the perspective of family law in China

Domestic violence, as its great harm to family members and family relationship, is one of the important issues to be tackled by family law. In this regard, China’s Marriage Law mainly adopts non-litigation measures, including dissuasion and curb of perpetrators, mediation for the parties concerned and imposition of administrative punishment. From the legal techniques in family resource sharing, the diversity of interests within a family, the complexity of family relationships and the privacy of family determine the non-antagonistic, nonlinear and non-proactive measures for adjusting family relationship. Further, in the principle of “family priority based on personal independence” and with the prerequisites of the prevention framework set up in the Marriage Law, it is suggested to make restrictive provisions on parental rights in protecting the minors, fully utilize the current civil mediation system to settle family disputes, and set up a system of “personal protection and behavioral correction.”     

对传统无讼立法的考察与反思

无讼显示了中国古代立法的和谐价值取向,其在国家法和家法族规中都有相关的规定。无讼立法有其历史文化基础,发挥了一定的使社会关系和谐的功能。从整体上看,无讼已经不能适应我国社会主义法治建设的需要,但在社会转型时期,对于我国社会主义法治建设以及构建和谐社会仍具有借鉴价值。