南海渔业知识产权保护问题研究

南海渔业知识产权保护中存在着渔业知识产权保护意识不强、缺乏渔业地理标志、商标保护、立法不够完善、行政保护制度及司法保护欠缺等一系列问题。应当从加强渔业知识产权相关法律法规的普及宣传、实行地理标志知识产权保护、完善渔业知识产权立法及鱼种新品种权的保护、加强行政与司法保护及二者衔接等方面完善南海渔业知识产权的保护,以求促进南海现代渔业经济的发展、渔民民生的改善及维护国家的利益。     

From universal system of social policy to particularistic? The case of the Baltic States

This paper compares the system of social maintenance and insurance in the Soviet Union, which was in force in the three Baltic countries before their independence, with the currently existing social security systems. The aim of the paper is to highlight the forces that have influenced social policy transformation from its former highly universal, however authoritarian form, to the less universal, social insurance-based systems of present day Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.It will be demonstrated that the welfare–economy nexus is not the only important factor in the development of social programs. Rather, social policy should be studied as if embedded in the political, historical and cultural aspects of a given society. The people’s attitude towards distributive justice will be highlighted as being one of the most important factors for either social policy shortcomings or expansion.This paper takes steps to combine quantitative and qualitative data.     

冲之鸟礁法律地位的国际法思考

日本认定冲之鸟礁的法律地位是“岛屿”，多年来一直企图将冲之鸟礁“岛屿化”，从而获得专属经济区和大陆架的权益。根据《联合国海洋法公约》的规定，冲之鸟礁作为岩礁的法律地位是不应当有争议的。因此，冲之鸟礁不具备岛屿的社会属性，对冲之鸟礁的人工添附也不能改变其作为岩礁的法律地位。     

PIRATES OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEAS

Piracy has been endemic in the South China and surrounding seas for centuries. There is a long history of piracy waxing and waning depending on the political and economic situation in the region. There have been differing levels of piracy on the South China Coast and the seas around the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. In the Sulu and Celebes Seas as well as off the coast of Aceh, there are examples of piracy used as a tactic by groups also engaged in terrorism. Piracy has periodically been suppressed by a strong naval power in the region. The growth and projection of Chinese naval power to control the South China Sea to the extent of the ‘nine dash line’ has suppressed piracy on the China Coast and in the South China Sea, but had limited impact on the Straits of Malacca and the seas around Borneo and Mindanao.     

1941年延安市第一届参议会的民主实践——基于《解放日报》相关报道的考察分析

革命圣地延安作为陕甘宁边区首府的地缘优势,以及该市参议会在边区、县、乡(市)三级参议会制中承上启下的枢纽地位,使得对其研究颇具意义。通过对《解放日报》相关报道的分析,梳理出延安市第一届参议会在基层民主选举、监督批评政府以及提案工作等方面的基本做法和历史经验。考察这一基层代议机关的日常运作机制,有助于我们更为深入地了解陕甘宁边区县域参议会制度的历史面貌,发扬"延安精神",坚持和完善人民代表大会制度,推进基层社会治理现代化。     

FROM “FREEDOM OF MARRIAGE” TO “SELF-DETERMINED MARRIAGE”: RECASTING MARRIAGE IN THE SHAAN-GAN-NING BORDER REGION OF THE 1940S

Abstract

This article is based on recently released archival documents produced by the High Court in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region during the 1940s. Through analysis of a number of legal cases concerning marriage disputes, this article challenges the previous scholarly assumption, prevalent since the 1980s, that the CCP failed at its promised project of liberating women. This article argues that the CCP indeed adjusted its policies on women and marriage in the new revolutionary base, but this adjustment was for the purpose of adapting to a new social and cultural ecology that differed from the previous revolutionary bases where radical policy had been formed. In implementing the regulation, the legal system gradually developed a new principle of “self-determination” in judging marriage disputes, which granted female litigants choice regarding their marriages. The author argues that this new principle aimed to disentangle women from the old patriarchal system, thereby undermining patriarchal power, and empowered women. It represented a step toward women’s acquisition of independence and right to choose marriage partners.     

索马里海盗的界定及惩治

海军护航打击索马里海盗有充分的国际法依据。《联合国海洋法公约》关于海盗行为的定义一定程度上限制了对索马里海盗的打击。短时间内,修订《联合国海洋法公约》关于海盗的定义并不现实,联合国安理会的决议又具有临时性,通过双边或区域协议的方式对海盗的认定达成共识是一种可行的方法。由某一主权国家审判索马里海盗存在一定的困难性,国际社会可采取特设法庭的方式来审判索马里海盗。我国应制定惩治海盗的国内法。     

《海域使用管理法》的修订与海域使用权制度的完善

我国《海域法》实施九年多来成绩斐然,但该法与其他法律之间仍然存在冲突,尤其是《物权法》颁布实施之后,《海域法》与现代物权法理论的矛盾更加突显,因此,有必要在《物权法》的架构下,全面梳理与完善《海域法》中对海域使用权制度的规定,修订内容主要涉及海域使用权的取得方式、登记制度、流转制度、海域使用权的终止与收回,以及与海域使用有关的其他权利类型等。     

刍议新时期的警察意识

警察意识是警察行为社会存在的反映。其中,政权意识是前提,民权意识是根本,法权意识是底线。三者相互联系,不可分割,正确处理好三者的关系,是新时期警察必备的能力。