通过文学的治理——优秀法官文学宣传的谱系

优秀法官是值得学习、可以作为榜样的典型。从陕甘宁边区到改革开放新时期我国一共产生了百余位优秀法官。无论是马锡五还是新时期的优秀法官,他们都有着＂一心为民＂的形象化特质。文学作为优秀法官宣传工作的工具,在司法实践和国家治理中发挥了举足轻重的作用。作为意识形态的载体,优秀法官宣传工作承担了对大众的说服和动员功能,最终服务于政权建设的中心工作。     

文学欣赏与文学创作的相互影响

文学欣赏与文学创作有着密切的关系,它们互为条件,互相影响。文学创作的质量影响文学欣赏的发生;文学欣赏是文学创作的延伸,反过来又促进文学创作的发展。     

文学人类学:中西交流中的兼容与发展

文学人类学,顾名思义就是文学和人类学两个不同学科的交叉与结合.20世纪后半期以来,文学人类学既是西方文学与人类学界一批前沿学者的积极主张,亦是一种逐渐向其他学科领域扩展、渗透的新理论和新方法,同时又是一种影响广泛的重要流派.近半个世纪以来,文学人类学则成为了中国文学和人类学研究领域的一个新的分支,并正对人文研究中的其他学科产生着日益深广的影响.     

论沈从文短篇小说的聚焦叙事模式

沈从文是现代文学史上一位风格独特的作家。形成其短篇小说独特风格的主要原因之一是 :沈从文采用了以外聚焦叙事偏移的叙事聚焦模式。这样 ,他的作品既达到了理智、冷静的艺术效果 ,又避免了读者解读作品的主观随意性。正是这种聚焦叙事模式的运用 ,使沈从文在现代文学史上占有重要的地位     

Double Lives, Double Narratives: Tracing the Story of the Family in Rousseau, the Swiss Civil Code and the Fathers’ Rights Debates

A recent parliamentary postulate in Switzerland calling for joint custody as the legal norm argues that fathers are discriminated against in Swiss divorce law. This postulate has incited a debate which circles around issues of equality, the role of fathers and mothers, and the good of the child. Our article, uniting approaches from literature, cultural studies, and science and technology studies, examines the arguments sparked by the debate with a view to different takes on gender and family. In doing so, it traces the roots of contemporary Swiss family law in the Rousseauian narrative of family life in Emile ou de l’education; it explores the manner in which scientific knowledge is marshaled to lend political legitimacy to current debate; and it asks finally how narrative bridges the gap between public discourse and lived experience.

侦探小说,百年中国文学中的特殊现象

二十世纪的中国文学异彩纷呈 ,新的文化造就新的文学观念和表现手法 ,也孕育新的文学样式。中国侦探小说就是诸多新的文学样式中的一种 ,它脱胎于中国古代传统公案小说 ,发端于西方现代侦探小说的译介 ,经历了二十世纪初叶、中期和世纪末三个繁荣期。第一个繁荣期从题材、形象塑造到表现手法模仿西方侦探小说的痕迹明显 ;第二个繁荣期题材极为单一 ,侦探形象由智慧化身的个体转化为大众化的群体 ;第三个繁荣期题材涉及社会生活各个领域 ,作品的社会性、思想性更加强化。     

New Public Governance in the Baltic States: Flexible Administration and Rule Bending

Abstract

The New Public Governance approach advocates a more flexible and participatory public administration as means to higher efficiency and increased legitimacy. Increasing flexibility and thereby public employees’ discretion, however, may pose a risk to equality and impartiality, core values in democratic and rule-of-law societies. Using a survey among Baltic public employees, this article explores this risk. We ask whether public employees’ preferences for flexible rule application go hand in hand with acceptance of bending the rules, even if it means a breach of impartiality. We find that this is the case. We also find that contrary to what the New Public Governance approach expects, neither citizen participation nor generalized trust works as a control on rule bending. On a positive note, however, we find that control mechanisms associated with Weberian Public Administration lessen acceptance for bending the rules.     

Questioning western universality: Sōseki's Theory of Literature and his novel Kusamakura

Focusing on the relation between the literary theory and the novels of modern Japanese writer Natsume Sōseki (1867–1916), this article argues that we need to include more ‘non-Western’ theories in the discussions of world literature. Furthermore, it concludes that a world literature contextualization of Sōseki's theory helps explain how his novels critically negotiate the influences from Western literature in Japan. By comparing Sōseki's theoretical and literary writing, this article shows continuity between his Theory of Literature and his novel Kusamakura, arguing that both question Western universality in defining literature. In other words, the comparison stresses Sōseki's continued preoccupation with understanding the transformation of literatures due to global interaction. During the modern period, such transformation was probably nowhere more conspicuous than in Meiji Japan, where not only society but also its literature was rapidly changing.     

“Dynamite bombs of New York manufacture”: the terrorist perspective in the Stevensons,Greer and James

This article examines the first three literary reactions to Fenian terrorism: Robert Louis Stevenson and Fanny van de Grift Stevenson’s co-written novel, The Dynamiter (1885); Tom Greer’s A Modern Daedalus (1885) and Henry James’ The Princess Casamassima (1886). Although these works approach terrorism from different angles, they set the pattern for subsequent treatments that will “give primary voice to the perspective of the terrorist”. “Zero”, the hapless bomb-makers in The Dynamiter, is a surprisingly urbane, sympathetic figure; Greer illustrates both the necessity and the moral quandaries of terrorism and James shows considerable sympathy for anarchism’s causes, even though terrorism threatens high art and culture. I also hope to show that fiction can provide excellent source material for studying the cultural imaginary of terrorism and, by extension, make a bid for the inclusion of literature scholars under the umbrella of Critical Terrorism Studies.     

Sexual/textual politics: rethinking gender and sexuality in gay Moroccan literature

This paper sets out to examine the social implications and functions of the contemporary body of gay Moroccan literature against Maria Pia Lara's readings of the creation and reception of literary works in the public sphere. Through a (re)reading of novels by Rachid O. and Abdellah Taïa, it is argued that these novels offer a privileged space that is not simply a metalinguistic and autonomous edifice, but also a means through which individual, societal and cultural self-assessment and comprehension can be affected in the domain of quotidian life. Ultimately, and possibly more importantly, this paper asserts that gay literary narratives reveal the heterogeneity of lived experiences, thereby producing innovative ways of considering sexuality which cannot be simply overlooked or invalidated. These narratives thus propose an alternative public-sphere which challenges hegemonic Moroccan norms and value systems.