Psychological Aspects of Property and Ownership

Although property lawyers and theorists were always interested in the legal doctrinal construction of property rights and in political, moral, or economic justifications of property rights through the course of history, they very rarely looked into possible psychological roots of property rights and the powers they entail. Similarly, psychologists (whether with a focus on individual or social psychology) provide models for the explanation of a person’s behaviour and the social interactions of humans, but they rarely touch upon property rights at all, and if so, only in brief passing comments. The one extensive study on the social psychology of property appeared 75 years ago. This paper looks into modern research of individual and social psychology and assesses whether some of the findings can be used to explain a psychological basis for the existence and importance of property rights. That may also be a starting point for a modern interdisciplinary study in this area.

Free and unfree labor in Qing China: Emigration and escape among the bannermen of northeast China, 1789–1909

Though internal migration in China during the Qing era (1644–1911) was mostly unrestricted, the government tightly controlled the movement of peasants who worked state lands in frontier regions and certain other locations. Such peasants accounted for 5–10% of China's population. In the state farms of northeast China, households could move legally only from one place to another within the system. Departure from the system was illegal. In this article, one of the first quantitative studies of migration in late imperial China, we apply discrete-time event-history methods to longitudinal, nominative household register data from six northeast Chinese state farm systems to compare how characteristics of the farm system, village, and household influenced the chances of legal moves and illegal departures. We show that among these state peasants, who were supposedly “unfree,” migration was not uncommon. We also show that the determinants of legal and illegal migration differed substantially. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for our understanding of migration processes in late imperial China.     

An Economic Analysis of a Swedish Environmental Liability Case

A High Court case illustrates Swedish legal reasoning. The case extends the use of strict liability, although the main liability rule is negligence. The aim of the paper is to show the usefulness of the economic analysis in a practical case. The case concerns liability for damages caused by a leaky, hot-water pipe. The defendant maintained that it should not be held liable because it had not acted negligently, and the district court and the court of appeals supported the defence. Nevertheless, the High Court decided on strict liability. The High Court used a line of argumentation that, partly and implicitly, may have been economically correct. However, the precedence was most limited and unclear. Given an explicit goal of economic efficiency, the precedence would, in this simple and straightforward case, be that strict liability should prevail where the cause is unilateral and the injurer is able to cover and/or insure the loss.     

商法本质的变迁

商法作为一个专门调整商事活动的部门法 ,在其历史发展的不同阶段有不同的本质属性 ,与其发展的四个历史阶段 (古代、中世纪、近代、现代商法 )相对应 ,商法的本质属性依次表现为 :1 家商一体、民商不分的商事规范 ;2 与家庭相区分的自然人之间的商人习惯法 ;3 关于企业商事活动的国内法 ;4 关于资本经营的新国际商人习惯法。     

中国近代法政杂志的兴盛与宏旨

自《译书汇编》创办,近代法政杂志纷纷问世,前后计一百五十余种。这些法政杂志面对国家的危局和西方学术的冲击,不得不承担“救时济世”和“阐明学术”的时代使命。由此,各种法政杂志都明确定其宏旨,即昌明法学,养成法治。此种宗旨,不惟一时代的宗旨,而应是久长的宗旨。     

世界历史本科专业发展规划的思考——以安徽师范大学为例

安徽师范大学世界史学科曾经取得过辉煌成就,如今面临新一轮发展机遇。学校应该理清专业发展思路,整合校内资源,凝练世界历史专业发展方向,打造强大学科团队,探索多渠道专业人才培养模式新路径。     

案例教学法与中国法制史课堂教学研究

中国法制史是法学专业主干核心课程之一,然而从我国目前的教学实践来看,中国法制史颇受冷遇.究其原因,主要是教材建设存在弊端、课程本身难度大、教学方法单一等问题.而在课堂教学中引入案例教学法,可以缓解这些问题带来的弊端,激发学生的学习积极性和自觉性,提高学习效果.进行案例教学,关键在于案例库的建立和使用,以及案例教学的成绩...     

五刑起源的历史文化分析——五刑与法自然的哲思

五刑制度自产生伊始就展现出强大的生命力,为历朝历代所沿用。本文从其产生入手,通过纵横双向研究,分析五刑与五行的辩证关系,挖掘其历史文化内涵：纵向上,梳理了五刑自史前萌芽至西周正式确立阶段的历史;横向上,比较了历代五行对五刑的渗透。通过史料分析与深入思考,探求以五刑为代表的中国刑法背后的自然崇拜与法自然思想,以期为今人所借鉴。     

政治与行政两分理论的跨文化对话

政治与行政二分法是西方国家行政学中一个有经久影响力和讨论价值的理论,被专家们认为是行政管理实践的核心要点。本文运用这一理论的基本原理来考察中国的国家管理实践,揭示其分析价值,沟通东西方管理思想的对话。笔者提出,如果理解正确、运用恰当,西方政治与行政两分的讨论可以为中国进一步的行政和公共政策改革提供十分有益的视角和思路,即：注重政治与行政的专业化分工、加强独立问责、以民主政治和精细化管理的精神改革中国的政治决策程序和提高政府机关的行政能力,综合提高现代国家治理能力。     

我国环境行政诉讼原告资格刍议

我国目前的环境行政诉讼制度及实践存在许多问题,原告资格狭窄是其中一个非常重要的原因。这一原因导致了环境行政起诉权严重受到限制,缩小了对环境行政行为的司法审查范围。完善之法是从对传统行政诉讼理论和制度的修正及我国国情出发,逐步放宽对环境行政诉讼原告资格和起诉权的限制。