现代性：追求与反思的交互

对现代性的探究和追问构成了现代社会学发展的初始动力。面向后现代社会转型的社会学,在现在讨论现代性时日益凸显出强烈的反思精神,就是要面对现代性本身由西方向本土、一元向多元、对立向沟通转变的历史现实。现代性本身的讨论需要从方法和界限多个维度展开,在交互式的关照中进一步确定现代性的意义。     

技术专家在风险社会中的角色及其限度

在以追求安全为崇高目标的现代性运动中却遭遇了风险的巨大挑战,人类已进入风险社会。风险既具有实在性又具有建构型。在风险建构中,掌握着专业知识的专家扮演着重要角色。进行风险界定,为风险决策提供合法性基础是技术专家在风险社会的重要角色定位,但其角色及其功能实现具有其限度,表现在:技术专家进行的风险界定可能产生更大风险;技术专家风险界定所依赖的量化和实证方法隐含内在缺陷;风险管理是包含技术要素和非技术要素在内的复杂过程,技术专家对非技术问题的解决无能为力。要加强人类社会应对风险的能力,应当进一步提高风险意识,打破专家对风险界定的垄断,实现风险决策结构的开放,使利益相关者可以真正参与到风险决策中来。     

Ethics of Emotions as Ethics of Human Rights: A Jurisprudence of Sympathy in Adorno, Horkheimer and Rorty

This article considers in a different light the relationship between legal theory and ethics by means of an interpretation of the thought of Adorno and Horkheimer, and of the writings of Richard Rorty, as two moments of a marginal stream of ethics of passions that runs beneath the history of rationalist Western philosophy. It departs from the critique of Modernity as a dialectic of barbarism and civilisation, and from a genealogy of Auschwitz that finds its antecedents in Kantian morality. It also characterises modern culture as one of apathy and bourgeois stoicism, and establishes a link between the cold modern ethos and the dynamics of Nazi hardness. The article turns then to a consideration of some of the responses to the comprehensive crisis of Modernity: the imperative ‘Auschwitz never again’, Adorno’s ‘general enlightenment’ and Horkheimer’s ethics of sympathy. Finally it reflects upon Rorty’s proposal of sentimental education as an effective strategy to foster a human rights culture in Postmodernity, with the aim of bridging the tradition of moral sentiments and contemporary struggles for human rights. I am very grateful to Costas Douzinas, Sonia Romero, Shaun Haselhurst, David-Alexander Smith, José Bellido and the two anonymous referees for their comments, and to Alexander García-Düttman for his suggestions. This text is dedicated to Paul Gready.     

义利关系:历史性与现代性

在当代多元化、差异性的社会中,“义”的“私德”性质淡化,“公德”性质突显,其内涵已不再局限于个体之“道义”,而根本上吁求社会与制度之“正义”。构建当代转型社会的制度之“义”,以最终实现“义利统一”的道德机制,成为传统义利观转型与发展的现代性视域。     

公共行政职能的变革与和谐社会

透过对西方公共行政的现代性与后现代主义特征分析,可见当代公共行政职能转变的价值旨向是在追求社会的和谐。我国政府提出构建社会主义和谐社会,既是我国政府公共行政实践在宏观层面的价值性规制,也是对世界范围内公共行政改革潮流的内在价值指向的应和,即要为社会和谐提供基本的公共行政实践前提。     

论基督教审美主义的范式转换及其现代性问题

基督教审美主义是西方文化审美现代性的一种重要表现型态,其基本宗旨是在基督宗教及其神学的语境中张扬美以及审美对于信仰生活的重要意义,以此回应现代性危机带给西方文化以及神学自身的困境.基督教审美主义随历史条件和思想背景的演化而呈现出不同的理论范式,即情感论的、存在论的和形式论的基督教审美主义.其间的转换与发展脉络,为了解与思考西方文化现代性问题提供了重要的视角.     

民族志与现代性故事--以罗香凝《另类现代性--后社会主义中国的性别渴望》为例

西方人类学向来关注的是非西方的"非现代性"故事,在20世纪七八十年代以来的人类学学科反思中,西方和非西方不平等的权力关系的知识建构方式受到批评.民族志<另类现代性>在展示某国营丝织厂三代女工如何在所谓现代性的语境中栖居的同时,质疑了关于现代性的人类学所包含的普遍、同质的现代性的预设.该民族志充分表达了对知识建构的自觉和反思,其中女性主义的洞识及其女性主义国际主义的政治议程也为后现代民族志写作实验增加了新的维度,并挑战了西方人类学最顽固的预设西方(男性)自我和非西方(男性)他者的二元对立.     

Imagining modernity: the language and genealogy of modernity in nineteenth-century Arabic

This article employs the methodology of conceptual history to contest two of the most common theoretical approaches dominating our understanding of modernity in the field of Middle Eastern studies. The first approach relies on the assumption of incompatibility between modernity and Islam and captures Arab modernity using concepts such as ‘adoption’. The second understands Arab modernity through concepts such as ‘imitation’, contending that it is a legacy of Western imperialism. This article challenges both theories by examining the genealogy of tamaddun (civilization, being civilized), a pivotal concept used in nineteenth-century Arabic to imagine modernity. The genealogy of tamaddun elucidates that medieval paradigms derived from the concept of madina (polity) were rediscovered, reimagined, and reused in the context of the rise of the nation-state and the challenge of Western imperialism. The article suggests understanding Arab modernity and its critique from within, rather than outside of, the temporality of the historical condition.     

金融公正理念的法学阐释

资本扩张所导致的金融危机与两极分化,将弘扬自由与平等为主旨的金融法拖入了目标和现实相背离的现代性悖论之中。从公正理念的维度,重新审视现代金融法的价值取向与功能定位,对于缓解法的服从性与正当性之间的紧张关系,以及维护法的权威性具有重要意义。推进中国金融法制的现代化进程,须对西方的现代性范式扬善抑恶,以求实现金融自由与社会秩序的良性互动。