Citizenship: a perverse confluence

This article discusses the different meanings that citizenship has assumed in Latin America in the past few decades. Its main argument is that, in the perverse confluence between neo-liberal and democratic participatory projects, the common reference to citizenship, used by different political actors, projects an apparent homogeneity, obscuring differences and diluting the conflict between those projects.     

IMMIGRATION POLICY,BORDER SECURITY,AND MIGRANT DEATHS: AN IMPACT EVALUATION OF LIFE‐SAVING EFFORTS UNDER THE BORDER SAFETY INITIATIVE*

Subsequent to U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) efforts to control illegal immigration throughout the 1990s, concern arose over an apparent increase in deaths of illegal migrants as they began to undertake more treacherous routes to enter the United States from Mexico. In response, the Border Safety Initiative (BSI) was created to increase safety along the southwest border. Using multiple data sources, including the USBP BSI Incident Tracking System, this study evaluated the impact of life‐saving efforts performed under the BSI program. Results indicate that there has been no overall reduction in the rate of migrant deaths since BSI has been in operation. However, an evaluation of BORSTAR search and rescue teams and the 2003 Lateral Repatriation Program (LRP), which returned apprehended migrants from Tucson sector to less hazardous places along the border, were found to be effective in preventing migrant deaths. Policy Implications: Critics of U.S. immigration policy claim that the only way reductions in migrant deaths along the U.S.‐Mexico border can be achieved is through liberalization of immigration policy and relaxing of border security. Yet, for more than a decade, U.S. policy makers have increased restrictions on immigration and have tightened security at the borders. Considering this, alternative means must be deployed in order to save migrant lives in the near term rather than waiting for a reversal of immigration policy. This study suggests that proactive life‐saving measures implemented through a harm‐reduction strategy can have some impact on saving migrant lives.     

全球公共卫生治理的制度重叠及其应对之策

近年来,全球公共卫生治理体系彼此通过议题联结、成员联系和功能互动形成了密切的国际制度重叠,包括以世卫组织为核心的联合国诸公共卫生制度、以盖茨基金会等为代表的非正式公共卫生制度、以二十国集团为代表的涉卫新型国际制度以及特朗普政府试图打造的美式国际公共卫生制度。制度重叠是国际公共卫生秩序的结构性特征,可能会约束与限制世卫组织治理有效性的发挥。全球公共卫生议题的复杂性、全球公共卫生治理的政治化倾向和世卫组织的治理限度决定了协同治理具有必然性和紧迫性,为此,国际社会需要秉持人类卫生健康共同体理念,坚持公共卫生多边主义,警惕美国另起炉灶对全球公共卫生治理的冲击。同时,世卫组织发挥协同治理功能的制度化需求迫在眉睫。此外,新型国际公共卫生治理制度是推动多元制度协同治理的重要力量,将发挥愈加凸显的关键作用。作为国际公共卫生体系的重要成员,中国的负责任国际承诺为国际公共卫生制度重叠提供了重要的协调路径,中国支持世卫组织发挥领导作用,加强在联合国、二十国集团、世贸组织、金砖国家集团等多边制度框架内的协调配合和相互支撑,推动构建人类卫生健康共同体。     

四川警察院校大学生心理健康状况调查

目的:研究分析四川警察院校大学生心理健康状况。方法:采用精神症状自评量表(SCL-90),通过随机抽样的方式,获得有效样本进行统计分析。结果:警察院校学生心理健康状况与全国常模比,总体水平较差,与全国大学生常模比,警察院校学生的心理健康状况较好,与军校大学生比,警察院校学生心理健康水平相近。结论:警察院校学生心理健康状况不容乐观。     

论经济全球化条件下发展中国家的竞争政策

经济全球化条件下发展中国家的竞争政策既需要加强竞争法规制 ,维护竞争秩序 ,又需要通过竞争法豁免政策实现发展的目标。内容相互冲突的豁免和规制的并存 ,可能导致竞争政策的失效。为此 ,这种冲突必须得到适当的协调和控制。一方面 ,发展中国家在国际竞争政策的制定和发展过程中必须强调豁免政策的发展功能 ,拓展使用豁免政策的空间 ;另一方面 ,要加强对国际和国内限制竞争行为进行规制 ,并对豁免政策的使用施加适当的限制 ,避免滥用。     

试论警察院校学生心理健康教育体系的构建

目前警察院校学生的心理健康问题比较严重,构建心理健康教育体系很有必要。整个心理健康教育体系应由心理健康教育目标、心理健康教育内容和心理健康教育方法等子体系构成。同时,为了保证警察院校学生心理健康教育的顺利进行,还需要建立、健全心理健康教育的领导管理、运作和环境保障机制。     

中国政策科学的理论困境及其本土化出路

十多年来,我国政策科学在现实政策问题的推动下显得异常的活跃,但由于理论和方法主要是照搬其他学科和西方的体系,缺乏学科自身理论的建树和创新,这种理论上的困境导致学科整体发展缓慢,使政策科学学科长期停留在较低的水平。从讨论中国政策科学发展的基本情况和特点入手,分析政策科学在中国发展所面临的问题和困境的根源,试图从社会科学本土化的角度探讨中国公共政策科学追求自身完善,摆脱学科发展困境的某些理论和方法的问题。     

新思想库与奥巴马政府的亚洲政策决策——以新美国安全研究中心为例

在美国对外政策决策体系中,思想库在政策理念创新、人才储备、打造政策辩论平台以及教育和引导公众等方面具有非凡的作用。新近兴起的新美国安全研究中心对奥巴马政府的对外政策影响巨大。该中心的亚洲政策研究强调务实的态度,注重美国对亚洲事务的重新"参与",倡导强化和升级美国在亚洲的联盟关系,推动美国积极介入地区多边制度,其政策建议通过"旋转门制度"等对当前美国的亚洲政策决策产生了深刻影响。     

CCP ELITE PERCEPTION OF THE US SINCE THE EARLY 1990S: WANG HUNING AND ZHENG BIJIAN AS TEST CASES

This article juxtaposes two of the most influential yet under-studied America watchers within the top echelon of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Wang Huning and Zheng Bijian. To be sure, the two have indelibly shaped CCP attitudes, yet surprisingly enough, although Zheng has been written about extensively in the English language, Wang has hitherto largely remained outside academics’ purview. This article also aims, in passing, to explore linkages between Wang and Zheng ideas and those of other well- known America watchers like Liu Mingfu and Yan Xuetong. The comparison offers clues as to the extent to which the current advisory shaping CCP thinking on the US differs from the previous generation, and as to whether CCP thinking is un-American or anti-American in essence. The conclusions ties the study together by arguing, based on Wang and Zheng's views, that New Confucianism may shape Chinese society in the future     

老挝禁毒政策的历史演变

老挝在长达200余年的毒品种植历史上,其禁毒政策亦随着政治、经济因素的变动而经历了缺失时期、初步制定与忽视时期、重视与完善时期三个不同历史时期的演变,而经济因素始终左右着老挝禁毒政策的制定与实行。