Opting for Openness: Capital Mobility and Monetary Sterilisation in Malaysia

Malaysia gained attention for its use of capital controls in 1998, but since the early 2000s it has emphasised its commitment to an open capital account, despite experiencing volatile capital flows. As well as opting for financial openness, Malaysia chose to manage the value of its exchange rate after de-pegging from the US dollar in 2005. In a bid to escape the macroeconomic constraints that arise from capital mobility, Malaysia also chose to sterilise a large portion of capital inflows. It then made a further choice to use market-based sterilisation instruments more than regulatory sterilisation measures. These choices have carried costs and led to a build-up of economic risk. Three interrelated factors explain these choices: Malaysia’s strategy to manage the stigma arising from its imposition of controls in 1998, the increased level of financial integration that followed from this strategy, and the politically privileged position of groups that have benefitted from Malaysia’s commitment to capital openness.     

Peace agreements in a near-permanent civil war: Learning from Sudan and South Sudan

The conflicts in the formerly united Sudan have led to millions of deaths since the country's independence. The Naivasha Agreement was meant to end these wars. The January 2005 agreement foresaw a future where the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement and the Sudanese government would coexist within the framework of a united country. Subsequently, in 2011, however, the country was partitioned and the conflicts in Sudan and South Sudan have continued unabated. Interrogating the treaty texts and employing a case study approach and analysis of the economic and power dynamics within the region, this paper addresses the reason behind the failure of the comprehensive peace agreement and subsequent agreements intended to bring peace after partition. It becomes evident that the same dynamics that fed the partition of the country have helped bring conflict within its two successor states. In short, agreements are not sufficient to build peace.     

试析“人的自由发展”的两个领域

马克思关于“人的自由发展”的命题,是科学社会主义的重要组成部分,在此基础上形成的马克思主义自由观,极大深化了人类对自由的认识,为人类的全面发展实践提供了理论武器。区分“人的自由发展”的两个不同领域,是准确理解马克思主义自由观的前提。     

The ‘White Working class’ in South Africa

In general, the analysis of classes in the literature on South Africa beginsfrom the political and ideological levels and not from the concept of the mode of production. The effect of this is to obscure the nature of the class structure and changes in it and leads to a neglect of shifts in class alliances in the class struggle. In this paper, concepts of the ‘white working class’ commonly found in the literature are critically analysed and an alternative conceptualization which begins from the mode of production is outlined. The paper ends with a brief analysis of changes in the relationship between the white working class and the state.     

从人权保障视角看我国《疫苗管理法》的制度设计

2019年12月1日,由第十三届全国人大常委会第十一次会议表决通过的《中华人民共和国疫苗管理法》正式实施。该法是基于近些年来发生的多起假劣疫苗事件为社会背景,回应社会关切而制定的旨在加强疫苗监管,保证疫苗质量,保护接种对象特别是婴幼儿的生命健康,维护社会公共卫生安全的一部专门性法律。该法设计了严密的制度体系,设置了一系列的制度规则,体现了"四个最严",是我国药品领域最严的管理法。从人权角度看,它不仅是一部《疫苗管理法》,更是一部人权保障法。     

公安监所人权保障略论

保障被监管人员的合法权利,是公安监所的重要职能.近年来,我国公安监所在人权保障方面取得了重大进步:一是健全了被监管人员权利保障的法律体系；二是实行了被监管人员权利保障的有效措施；三是提高了满足被监管人员权利需要的物质保障水平；四是建立了被监管人员权利保障的监督机制.但随着社会的发展,公安监所人权保障工作也遇到了许多新情况、新问题、新要求,需要在以下方面进行改进和完善:加强人权教育,提高监管民警和被监管人员的人权意识；加强立法建设,健全保障被监管人员权利的法律制度；加强监管执法监督机制建设,确保被监管人员权利得到真正保障.     

构建“东北亚人类安全共同体”中的人类安全议题和国际机制探索

韩国朴槿惠总统自从2009年以来提倡"东北亚和平合作构想",并向美中等国家寻求支持。"东北亚和平合作构想"就是以韩国和朝鲜为主,包括美国、中国、日本、俄罗斯和蒙古等亚太国家和非国家行动主体,培养非传统安全或是软性安全热点问题合作。但该构想存在许多问题,如美国是否作为参与国加入,议题是否包含传统安全和制度化水平问题。如果美国加入,那么,东北亚区域固有的人类安全议题的选择混乱或将引起东北亚的认同性危机;议题的最终目标如果是传统安全,那么非传统安全或软性安全的重要性将被削弱;在制度化水平方面,习惯和惯例的制约性和实效性将成为问题。本文提出了作为东北亚区域内国家间的和平合作体,形成针对人类安全议题的"东北亚人类安全共同体"的方案,研究人类安全理论和国际机制并验证了其合理性。由此,确认了仅限于东北亚国家之间的人类安全范围内形成共同体的合理性。     

马克思、恩格斯视野中的资本特权

在揭示资本主义生产关系和资本运行时,马克思、恩格斯从历史地位、实质所在、具体内容、表现形式、消灭途径等方面对资本主义社会所存在的资本特权现象和关系进行了探索,并获得了一些理论成果。具体为:资本的逻辑悖论造成了资本特权的二重性;资本特权是整个资本的持有者平等地压制全体劳动者的特权;资本特权体现为资产阶级凭借资本支配一切领域的权利或权力;资本特权是以消灭阶级特权、实现抽象的自由平等的形式出现的,具有虚伪和欺骗性;资本特权的彻底根除取决于以资本为中心的占有方式和运行方式的改变。     

论人体擦划痕迹在刑事案件中的判定及检验

人体擦划痕迹是现场痕迹的一种,它在犯罪现场出现的频率很高,对现场的定性、犯罪现场的重建有独特的作用,具有不可忽视的侦查和证据价值。同时,人体擦划痕迹是在客体上划动接触形成的痕迹,其变化较大,既有线条痕数量多少的变化、线条痕间距的变化,也有单一线痕有无的变化、单一线痕形状上的变化,所以对它在现场上的判定很难把握,需要对人体擦划痕迹的表现形式、发现、分析和判定等进行理性的剖析。     

浅析东盟的“人的安全”理念

"人的安全"是一种将人视作安全主体的全新安全理念。亚洲金融危机后,东盟开始接受"人的安全"的基本理念。东盟试图从广义上来理解"人的安全"并突出其"免于匮乏的自由"的一面,在国家安全与"人的安全"的关系方面东盟强调两者的互补性,在"与人权相关的干涉"等问题上则固守其传统的"东盟方式"。东盟之所以能够接受"人的安全"的基本理念,主要是因为冷战后地区安全环境的转变、地区已有"综合安全"观的积淀、非政府组织的推动等多种因素的共同作用。