试论宪制变革的国际维度——基于俄罗斯的实证考察

后冷战时期不断变幻的国际环境,对长期存在的许多威权主义政体提出了挑战。国际环境之民主化影响,在不同地区呈现出不同形式。民主理念和制度并没有在全球得以均衡地传播,相反却因地缘和文化的接近而带有许多偶然性。在俄罗斯,无论是与西方的联系还是西方的影响,都是相对程度较低的,外部民主化压力的影响也是十分有限的。通过经济发展和民主之间的因果机制研究,以丰富和完善当下的民主理论。     

Women’s international Democratic Federation,the ‘Third World’ and the Global Cold War from the late-1950s to the mid-1960s

ABSTRACT

This article examines the work of the Women’s International Democratic Federation (WIDF) with women from Africa, Asia and Latin America. It analyzes their role in the WIDF’s decision-making process and activities during a period marked by decolonization and the intensification of women’s rights activism outside Europe. This analysis contributes to a better understanding of the extent to which the WIDF’s official position on support for the rights of women in the Global South was translated into the practical work of organization. The article is based on materials from Moscow archives that have hitherto not been explored in research on the WIDF. It shows that, in spite of the WIDF’s formal anti-colonial stance, women from the Global South were not always given a voice or able to insert their demands into WIDF policy.     

Role conflicts in foreign policy: Nigeria’s dilemma over Bakassi Peninsula*

ABSTRACT

Post independence President of Cameroon, Ahmadou Ahidjo, a Fulani, like his kith and kin in Northern Nigeria, was quite supportive of Nigeria in her war with the separatist Biafra. At the end of the war, he laboured to convince Nigeria to a boundary demarcation that would place Bakassi Peninsula firmly on the side of Cameroon. Nigeria as at 1975, ensured to remain grateful to an African country that helped her during the civil war. The show of gratitude from Nigeria triggered eventually, a bellicose relation with Cameroon. Though un-confessed, Nigeria was beset with several role conflicts in her border dispute with Cameroon, since the peninsula had been inhabited by Nigerians from the pre-colonial times. This paper examines the causes and manifestations of these conflicts. To do this, the role theory framework is used. It is revealed that Nigeria’s cognitive assertions were in conflict over her material interests on Bakassi Peninsula.     

国际组织的法律责任——角色定位与法律基础分析

国际组织的人格局限于基本文件规定的范围和条件之下,其只可能在这个有限主体范围内从事活动,因而只在此范围内对其国际行为直接承担责任。国际组织虽然只具有派生的权利能力和行为能力,但它是以自己的主体资格承担国际法律责任的。混合条约应当明确规定国际组织及其成员国各自的权责界限,这是解决混合条约情形下的权责分配问题的有效办法。     

海牙《扶养义务法律适用议定书》新规则探究

涉外扶养是当今国际社会民事领域的热点问题,我国已签署的于2007年11月通过的海牙《扶养义务法律适用议定书》,是海牙国际私法会议最新的有关涉外扶养法律适用的国际条约。文章通过深入研究该议定书的新规则,探求其优势所在及存在的缺陷,以期得到国内学界的关注。