论国有公司的产权关系问题

我国国有公司的产权关系包括国有独资公司和国有控股公司的产权关系。在经济转轨中 ,国有公司产权关系尚未理顺 ,既有一般市场经济国家存在的共性问题 ,也有我国特定政治经济制度和转轨时期产生的特殊问题。     

Management of Australian Water Utilities: The Significance of Transactional and Transformational Leadership

What organisational factor has the most significant impact on the management of water utilities? This article seeks the views of middle managers in several water utilities across four Australian states to address this question. It also examines their views of leadership in their organisation. It draws upon Bass's full‐range leadership theory to examine their views on three models of leadership: transactional leadership, transformational leadership, and a combination of both transactional and transformational leadership. The respondents identify leadership as the most critical enabling factor for the effective management of water utilities. They believe that effective leadership requires a mix of transactional and transformational leadership skills. They state that their supervisor's leadership skills are below their expectation of an effective leader. These leadership issues are discussed in the article.     

Trading in the secretive commodity

Over the past century and a half, a handful of transnational corporations have built fortunes trading commodity crops such as corn, soy and wheat. Graded and standardized, these commodities are considered uniform and therefore fungible; information about their origins need not accompany them to market. But in recent years major food brands, as part of broader ‘sustainable sourcing’ commitments, have begun to ask about the places and practices that produce these crops. Their inquiries have exposed the limits of the commodity traders’ supposedly unrivalled market intelligence. They also raise questions about how the advent of agricultural grades and standards made knowledge of crop origins seem unnecessary in certain commodity supply chains, and about how those supply chains might henceforth change, now that lack of such knowledge has become a liability.     

跨国公司社会责任的全球治理

随着全球一体化的持续发展,跨国公司日益成为经济全球化的主要载体和受益人。跨国公司的国际性、生产经营的全球化决定了其社会责任的实现需建构有效的全球治理。     

股东共益权平等:公司法的基础权利--兼论股权分置与公司治理

源于所有制的差异,中国的资本市场形成了一种制度安排的股权二元结构.这种安排与资本市场固有的属性是不相容的,它背离了同股同权的基本原则,亦与公司法关于股东共益权的平等理念相去甚远.由此引起中国上市公司为解决股权分置而采取相应的措施.股权分置的局面对公司治理有很大的消极影响,尤其是对治理中的控制权市场的形成,对股权平等原则的滥用等.解决股权分置,则能较好地达到公司治理的目的.在解决股权分置过程中仍应关注包括国有经济战略调整及二级市场的操纵等问题.     

The subordination of shareholder loans in bankruptcy

Bankruptcy and corporate laws in several countries allow or require courts to subordinate loans by shareholders to corporations. Examples include the German Eigenkapitalersatzrecht and the equitable subordination and recharacterization doctrines in the US. I use a model to show the incentive effects of subordination when a controlling shareholder attempts to rescue a closely held corporation by extending a loan. Even though subordination has some beneficial effects, it deters some desirable rescue attempts and is an insufficient deterrent for some undesirable ones. Legal reform should thus focus on narrowing down the scope of application to undesirable shareholder loans, where more severe penalties than subordination should apply.     

公司交互持股要论--写在新订《公司法》颁行之际

诸多方面的原因催生出了公司交互持股现象,其自身价值及其多重影响随即给现行法律制度提出了全方位的挑战。新修订的《公司法》忽略了针对交互持股的相关规范。我国公司法应借鉴各国的立法经验,分别对公司间的横向交互持股和母子公司交互持股在持股比例、表决权限制、通知和公告义务等方面做出法律规制,以期发挥交互持股的积极作用,抑制其消极后果。     

挑战与回应--跨国公司与国家主权

跨国公司是“利害双面体” ,在给世界各国带来利益的同时 ,也对主权国家的政治、经济、文化和科技主权构成了威胁和挑战。主权国家为了维护国家主权和国家利益 ,应积极地应对 ,进行技术创新 ,巩固信息主权 ;主动地“限制”政府管理权限 ,转变政府职能 ,增强本国企业和国家的竞争力 ;建构文化的主体意识 ,实现民族文化的现代化 ,从而编扎起一道防护跨国公司消解国家主权的“防火墙”。     

经济全球化背景下跨国公司制度创新的特点及分析

上世纪90年代以后 ,全球各大跨国公司所处的经济环境发生了质的变化 ,对企业而言交易成本不再是衡量其效率高低的关键因素 ,以隐性形式存在的机会成本反而更具有说服力 ,它直接反映了企业潜在收益向现实收益转化的能力。经济全球化在促进世界经济增长的同时引发了一系列的社会动荡和不安。外部的压力和社会的期望促使跨国公司承担起更大的社会责任 ,使得企业必须进行一些相应制度安排的调整。     

Innovation for a steady state: a case for responsible stagnation

The proponents of responsible innovation (RI) have often opened their discussions with the reassurance that while they are against irresponsible innovation, they are not advocating irresponsible stagnation. In the two-by-two matrix generally used to illustrate this model of innovation, the quadrant for responsible stagnation has so far gone largely unmentioned, let alone explored. This paper draws on existing real-world cases to examine what arguments drawn from ecological economics might contribute to the discussion of RI. It questions the present growth-driven paradigm and asks whether opening the black box of ‘responsible stagnation' might also open the door for a reasoned discussion about resource consumption and pace of development in over-productive or too-risky sectors and technologies, as an intrinsic part of responsible innovation, rather than its opposite.