Hezbollah’s Global Tentacles: A Relational Approach to Convergence with Transnational Organized Crime

That terrorists, criminals, and their facilitators exploit the global marketplace is well known. While the global movement of illicit goods is well documented, robust empirical evidence linking terrorism and organized crime remains elusive. This article posits Network Science as a means of making these links more apparent. As a critical case study, Hezbollah is quite possibly the most mature globalized terrorist organization, although it thinks of itself as the “Party of God.” However, the means seem to justify the ends: this article shows that Hezbollah’s holy men have no qualms about resorting to pornography, contraband cigarettes, immigration fraud, and credit card fraud to raise funds. Beyond establishing links, Social Network Analysis reveals other important characteristics, such as the relative autonomy from Hezbollah headquarters that local fundraising networks enjoy. That finding implies a paradigm shift: Hezbollah is no less a terrorist organization than an organized crime syndicate. This is apparent in a network’s structure. Transnational Organized Crime is typically about nodes being connected to many others in the network. Yet, Hezbollah fundraising networks allow such connectivity because of the group’s typically high levels of mutual trust and familial relationships. This creates a vulnerability that can be exploited by law enforcement and intelligence organizations.     

中国东亚战略的展开

东亚是中国崛起的战略核心地区。随着东亚制度化合作的进一步推进,中国东亚战略的走向成为世界关注的重要议题。本文概述了中国与东亚关系的发展历程,总结了中国东亚战略的得失,指出中国正在成为东亚负责任的利益攸关方,并通过与地区内各国达成以共同利益为导向的建设性合作,为中国地区战略的优化奠定了基础。本文认为,展望未来,中国应推动创建东亚利益共同体,全面推进东亚合作,确立基于开放地区主义的新单边主义、新双边主义和新多边主义战略路径。     

俄罗斯国防工业体转型路径及效用分析

俄罗斯国防工业体从前苏联时期的斯大林模式向市场导向的转型,经历了漫长而艰辛的历程.尤其是20世纪90年代的军转民实践,充满了曲折和困难,短期内削弱了其经济实力.但俄罗斯也逐渐明确了国防工业体进一步转型的方向,为推动其经济结构的进一步调整以及经济的持续发展奠定了基础.本文着重从理论上分析俄罗斯国防工业体转型的路径,并深入探讨其对经济发展的巨大影响.     

Power and Conflict in the Swiss Political Elite: An Aggregation of Existing Network Analyses

Since Kriesi's (1980) pioneering work no study has attempted to provide an overall picture of power configuration among the Swiss political elite. To fill this gap we aggregate recent network analyses carried out in various policy domains. Based on meta-hypotheses regarding the likely effects of the contextual changes that have taken place during the last thirty years, we compare the structure of the Swiss political elite existing in the 1970s to that of the last decade with respect to reputational power, collaboration and conflict. Our results suggest that important transformations have indeed occurred. Thus, both political parties and some specific state bodies could increase their power, whereas most interest groups have lost some. While the internationalization of politics has overall had the expected effects with respect to the power structure and to conflict among political parties, it did not lead to the hypothesized, new conflict among interest groups.     

传统、现代、后现代:当代大学生政治意识的三重视野——基于部分高校调查数据的分析报告

由于中国现代化的特殊历史际遇.多种历时性形成的政治意识共时性地存在,构成了当代大学生政治意识的复杂图景:"潜规则"意识影响下的前现代的权力观是传统的遗风,它的涤清有赖于社会风气的净化;参与型的公民文化意识体现的是现代的精神,它的培育需要更多的制度支持;平面化的政治认知模式反映的是后现代的风格,学校教育对它的疏导负有主要责任.     

Motivational dilemmas in collaborative learning activities: The case of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)

Complex social and environmental problems—such as climate change, rural poverty, and over‐fishing—defy simple policy solutions. An increasing number of scholars, practitioners, and policy makers now agree that coming to grips with such problems requires more collaborative and adaptive forms of learning and decision‐making. Such approaches seek to involve a variety of stakeholders to learn about system‐level effects of past human decisions and adapt future management decisions to the lessons learned. While there are plenty of success stories at the local level, the collaborative learning approach has turned out to be difficult to implement at broader scales—in large public organizations and in society at large. This article provides an explanation for such shortcomings, arguing that the creation of collaborative learning systems is plagued by several motivational dilemmas. By systematically mapping out the institutional incentives of the potential participants in collaborative learning activities, it is argued that one can gain a better understanding of the likelihood that adaptive systems will actually work. These ideas are tested on the case of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). It is found that most Sida staff face conflicting incentives to engage in collaborative learning, but there are opportunities for management to strengthen such incentives. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅析恢复性司法理念在未成年人刑事诉讼中的中国化

恢复性司法是近年来我国刑事法研究的一个热点问题,源自北美作为刑事司法程序替代程序的恢复性司法,与中国的传统法治观念存在着暗合和分野,在未成年人刑事诉讼中构建刑事损害赔偿调解制度对借鉴恢复性司法的核心理念具有现实意义。     

新集体林权制度改革中的林权纠纷及原因分析

2003年开始试点、2008年全面推广实施的农村新集体林权制度改革的目的是把集体林地经营权和林木所有权落实到农户,确立农民的经营主体地位,以实现"耕者有其山"的目标.作为全国最早实施新集体林权制度改革的试点省份,福建省和江西省在开展新集体林权制度改革方面进行了艰辛的探索,也取得了很大的成效.但是,这两个省在改革过程中,致使有的农村地区出现了林权过度集中和部分林农失山失地的现象,由此引发了许多类型的林权纠纷.林权纠纷多发的原因既与林权制度变迁和林权制度改革的政策设计失误有关,也与农民的林权主体意识觉醒及林权升值有关.在林权纠纷中,农民通过各种规范和"非规范"的抗争方式来表达自身的利益诉求.     

我国食品安全监管问题研究

食品安全问题成为我国政府十分关注的重大问题。我国食品安全监管现状和监管中存在很多问题。借鉴国外先进监管经验,加强我国的食品安全监管,必须做到：改革现有的监管体制,建立完善的食品安全监管体系;改革现有的市场准入制度、实施食品卫生监督量化分级管理制度、推行良好生产规范（GMP）管理和危险分析关键控制点技术（HACCP）管理体系;完善食品安全法律法规、安全标准、检验检测体系;建立从农田到餐桌全过程监督制度,确保人们吃到安全放心食品。     

秦汉“三公”话语的生成及文化分析

话语是一种典型的文化结构现象。秦汉三公语汇在历史文献中次序展开,最终由两汉经学家将之建构为官制理想的话语体系,其字义内涵和主要陈述趋于稳定,折射出周秦文化的时代之变。商周官制的体系分层,与诸子之学的杂汇融通,是三公话语生成的原史基础。由此结构而成的三公话语,保留了家国体制下德命王政对官制理想的规定作用,在与天命、王道、德性、民本等话语的互文连贯中,型构出中国特色的官法文化。