论新世纪中国马克思主义哲学的发展道路

站在新世纪的起跑线上 ,迫切需要明确今后百年间中国马克思主义哲学的发展道路。为此 ,就要正确处理一系列的关系 :当做中国人民当代实践的指导思想去研究的马克思主义哲学和当作学术去研究的马克思的哲学 ,对马克思主义哲学本质的一元性理解和对它的形态的多样性阐释 ,以毛泽东、邓小平哲学思想为历史前提去推进中国的马克思主义哲学和以东西方各种哲学为思想资源去发展马克思的哲学 ,对马克思主义哲学精神的继承、发扬和对马克思主义哲学理论的发展、创新等。这是一条理论和实践相结合、继承和创新相结合、一元性本质的深刻发展和多样性学理的广泛阐发相结合的道路。中国需要一支强大的马克思主义哲学家队伍 ,需要在坚持和发展马克思主义哲学中作出重大理论创新的大哲学家的问世。     

19世纪后半期俄国远东地区对中国东北农畜产品的需求

19世纪中叶俄国占领中国黑龙江以北、乌苏里江以东大片领土并向该地派遣驻军和移民后，俄国远东地区所需物资、尤其是农畜产品极度缺乏，所缺农畜产品中的相当大部分需从相邻的中国东北购买。19世纪后半期中国东北农畜产品的对俄输出，一方面满足了俄国远东地区对粮食、肉类和畜力的迫切需要，从而为该地区的经济发展提供了先决条件；另一方面，对中国东北农牧业的发展也起到了一定的促进作用。     

A dimension of private life in Wallachia: violence between parents and children (1830–1860)

Violence was present and had different forms in every family during nineteenth-century Wallachia, either rich or poor, in rural or urban areas. Remaining in the shadow, almost never discussed between its members or even in public, this social act shocked the penal courts when it reached a critical point. But, during the century, violence between parents and children knew a constant evolution, visible in normative texts and in any written evidence left behind by the contemporaries. Thus, violence became a dynamic element in defining childhood and parent–child relationships.     

Orphans,apprenticeships, and the world of work

This article explores a frequent and important practice in the ancien Régime society, namely, apprenticeship. The apprenticeship contracts of legitimate orphans (boys and girls) who were received in institutions that specialized in caring for them — such as the Trinité or the Saint-Esprit — provide the data for this study. By focusing on these two, it is possible to compare two groups of orphans, as well as differences in the intentions and accomplishments of the institutions in terms of offering instruction and preparation for the working world. This examination focuses on the transition from the institution to society. How did the orphans interpret this transition? And how did administrators perceive their roles? The example of the Trinité and the Saint-Esprit serves to rectify the common image of the hospitals as poor and highly imperfect in terms of education and apprenticeship. It shows that these were genuine training institutions for older children.     

Evidence of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century iron production and ironworking in Vidzeme (the example of Ropaži manor): an interdisciplinary approach

ABSTRACT

Using Ropa?i Manor as an example, this article analyzes evidence of iron production and ironworking in Vidzeme in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, characterizing the first results from an interdisciplinary study of this previously almost unresearched field. Content analysis of written sources in conjunction with linguistic analysis, archeological fieldwork, remote sensing and geophysics, paleobotany, and analysis of forest growing conditions illuminate aspects of economic life linked to or hypothetically relating to iron supply and processing, namely iron importation and circulation, craft activities, and charcoal production far exceeding local needs. Local iron production is not proven; neither is there evidence excluding it.     

关于“十年一贡”的争论——19世纪末晚清政府在缅甸问题上与英国的交涉

1885年底英国占领缅甸后,中国与英国就缅甸问题进行了交涉.中国最后与英国达成了英国统治下的缅甸每届十年向中国进献方物的协议.但在英国巩固了对缅甸的占领之后,废除了这一协定.这一协定从确立到废止,反映了中、英双方世界秩序理论的差异.     

"以青年为本"是新世纪共青团工作的立足点和出发点

要树立“以青年为本”的观念 ,就必须把青年摆在团的工作的主体地位去想问题、做决定 ,就必须把解决青年的需求、期盼、愿望作为立足点和出发点。     

20世纪初期日本青年流行语的文化符号学分析

从20世纪初期10年日本青年流行语的情况考察,流行语创造者的权威性或社会声望是导致某一词语广为人们仿效的决定性因素。流行语所反映或表征的对象往往是某一时期社会关注的热点问题或现象。流行语本身对有关现象的生动刻画,以及在使用过程中造成的幽默、娱乐的效果等因素,也是一些词语得以在某一时期流行的原因。     

20世纪上半叶中国少数民族艺术研究的分期问题

在20世纪上半叶,学界对中国少数民族艺术的研究可以划分为3个时期:1900至1919年为萌芽时期,中国少数民族艺术研究的视野开始展开;1920至1937年为奠基时期,中国少数民族艺术研究的理论方法基本确立;1938至1949年为发展时期,中国少数民族艺术研究的规范化得到进一步推进。     

Mariano Arista and the 1850 Presidential Election in Mexico

Abstract – This article examines the 1850 presidential election in Mexico. It is divided into five sections: party political background, electoral regulations, candidates, campaign, results. General Mariano Arista was the successful candidate in what was the first genuinely contested presidential election since independence.