社会冲突与社会稳定的控制机制探析——以精英与大众的关系紧张为视角

精英与大众的二分法是分析社会冲突的类型与原因的常用方法,精英与大众的关系紧张和尖锐对立是社会冲突的主要表现形式。西方国家精英与大众的关系稳定是因为有强大的中产阶级,而中国正出现过度精英化问题的现象,中国的精英与大众已经处于矛盾对立面并引起社会冲突。只有引入福利国家制度,让大众从经济社会发展中受益,形成强大的中产阶级,才能化解过度精英化问题,消除产生社会冲突的社会结构。     

知情权与信息获取权——以英美为比较法基础的概念界分

知情权与信息获取权是两个不同的概念,在我国行政法学界有被混淆的倾向。以英美为基础的比较法视野看,两者在逻辑结构、规范表述和制度印证层面,都有着不同的特质。这对概念的界分,已然构成其信息自由立法理念的奠基。以此来反思概念混淆对我国现行《政府信息公开条例》在规范结构、立法理念和制度建构中的可能影响。并以概念界分为契机,指向未来更为完善的政府信息公开立法。     

学习力概念及其研究范畴的牛顿力学思考

目前国内学者对于学习力的概念定义尚不甚周延,从而影响其研究范畴的清晰程度,进而影响对其研究的进一步深入。本文试图通过对力的物理回归,为学习力寻找较为严谨的概念,并对此作出力学分析和社会学解释,从而给出较为清晰研究范畴,为今后深入研究提出一条路径。     

网络协议教学中NS仿真实验平台的应用

仿真是分析和评估复杂通信网络的有效方法之一,通过介绍NS的工作原理和仿真过程,提出一种基于定量统计建模方法的网络仿真实验平台,用于辅助网络协议教学、协议优化测试等工作的开展,并通过详细的实例演示了实验平台的运行效果。     

广州市学校卫生行政处罚现况分析

目的:分析广州市学校卫生行政处罚现况,探讨新时期学校卫生监督执法的发展形势和工作重点.方法:纳入全市卫生监督机构自2018年1月1日至12月31日查办且已结案的学校卫生行政处罚案件135宗,分析案件的案由、主体、处罚内容分布等.结果:2018年广州市学校卫生行政处罚案件案由主要分布于教学和生活环境卫生专业(56.3％)...     

艾滋病流行中的弱势群体分析——以中越边境马关县为例

艾滋病的肆虐流行已成为云南省的公共卫生问题和社会问题。云南省南部与越南接壤的马关县也正面临着艾滋病的严峻挑战。其中弱势群体当前面临的现状不容乐观。文章针对马关县艾滋病流行中的弱势群体的特点、分类及形成原因,提出了保护艾滋病流行中的弱势群体的相关措施。     

The suitability of visual taphonomic methods for digital photographs: An experimental approach with pig carcasses in a tropical climate

In the context of increased scrutiny of the methods in forensic sciences, it is essential to ensure that the approaches used in forensic taphonomy to measure decomposition and estimate the postmortem interval are underpinned by robust evidence-based data. Digital photographs are an important source of documentation in forensic taphonomic investigations but the suitability of the current approaches for photographs, rather than real-time remains, is poorly studied which can undermine accurate forensic conclusions. The present study aimed to investigate the suitability of 2D colour digital photographs for evaluating decomposition of exposed human analogues (Sus scrofa domesticus) in a tropical savanna environment (Hawaii), using two published scoring methods; Megyesi et al., 2005 and Keough et al., 2017. It was found that there were significant differences between the real-time and photograph decomposition scores when the Megyesi et al. method was used. However, the Keough et al. method applied to photographs reflected real-time decomposition more closely and thus appears more suitable to evaluate pig decomposition from 2D photographs. The findings indicate that the type of scoring method used has a significant impact on the ability to accurately evaluate the decomposition of exposed pig carcasses from photographs. It was further identified that photographic taphonomic analysis can reach high inter-observer reproducibility. These novel findings are of significant importance for the forensic sciences as they highlight the potential for high quality photograph coverage to provide useful complementary information for the forensic taphonomic investigation. New recommendations to develop robust transparent approaches adapted to photographs in forensic taphonomy are suggested based on these findings.     

A comparison of data protection legislation and policies across the EU

Although the protection of personal data is harmonized within the EU by Directive 95/46/EC and will be further harmonized by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in 2018, there are significant differences in the ways in which EU member states implemented the protection of privacy and personal data in national laws, policies, and practices. This paper presents the main findings of a research project that compares the protection of privacy and personal data in eight EU member states: France, Germany, the UK, Ireland, Romania, Italy, Sweden, and the Netherlands. The comparison focuses on five major themes: awareness and trust, government policies for personal data protection, the applicable laws and regulations, implementation of those laws and regulations, and supervision and enforcement.The comparison of privacy and data protection regimes across the EU shows some remarkable findings, revealing which countries are frontrunners and which countries are lagging behind on specific aspects. For instance, the roles of and interplay between governments, civil rights organizations, and data protections authorities vary from country to country. Furthermore, with regard to privacy and data protection there are differences in the intensity and scope of political debates, information campaigns, media attention, and public debate. New concepts like privacy impact assessments, privacy by design, data breach notifications and big data are on the agenda in some but not in all countries. Significant differences exist in (the levels of) enforcement by the different data protection authorities, due to different legal competencies, available budgets and personnel, policies, and cultural factors.     

Combining the Strengths of Qualitative Comparative Analysis with Cluster Analysis for Comparative Public Policy Research: With Reference to the Policy of Economic Convergence in the Euro Currency Area

Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) is a well-established method for comparing national public policy similarities and differences. It is argued that Cluster Analysis can add additional benefits to such research when used concurrently with QCA. Cluster Analysis provides a better method for the initial exploration of multivariate data and examining how countries compare because it can work with the full range of available interval data while patterns are created and viewed. This provides the best first method for exploring patterns and likely groupings of countries. QCA then provides a more robust method for theorizing about the construction of such groupings and their relationship around similar variable scores. QCA makes such theorizing transparent. The research example used to illustrate the benefits of combining Cluster Analysis and QCA is an analysis of the evolving of macroeconomic policy for the countries sharing the Euro, comparing 2005 (precrisis) with 2010 (postcrisis).     

The detection of deception with the reality monitoring approach: a review of the empirical evidence

One of the verbal approaches to the detection of deceit is based on research on human memory that tries to identify the characteristics that differentiate between internal and external memories (reality monitoring). This approach has attempted to extrapolate the contributions of reality monitoring (RM) research to the deception area. In this paper, we have attempted to review all available studies conducted in several countries in order to yield some general conclusions concerning the discriminative power of this approach. Regarding individual criteria, the empirical results are not very encouraging: few criteria discriminate significantly across studies, and there are several variables that moderate their effect. Some of the contradictory findings may have emerged because of differences in the operationalizations and procedures used across individual studies. However, more promising results have been reported in recent studies, and the approach as a whole appears to discriminate above chance level, reaching accuracy rates that are similar to those of criteria-based content analysis (CBCA). Some suggestions for future research are made.