俄罗斯图书馆的社会服务功能及借鉴

一个国家公共图书馆的发展状况已成为评价该国经济、文化、教育、科技水平以及公民文化素质的重要标志之一。中俄两国图书馆有着极深的发展渊源,苏联图书情报学理论思维与思想曾影响了整整一代的中国图书情报学家。尽管时过境迁,俄罗斯公共图书馆的发展经验,目前仍有许多值得我们借鉴的地方。     

俄罗斯融资体制的缺陷及其教训

1998年金融危机后,俄罗斯融资体制得到一定程度上的规范和发展,但在融资规模、质量和效率等方面仍然存在许多缺陷。这些缺陷造成融资体制与实体经济相脱离,加剧了经济的脆弱性和不稳定性,引发了经济结构的不平衡。这些缺陷与其盲目推行金融自由化、微观经济主体的行为以及制度环境有着密切的联系。中国应吸取其教训,不断完善融资体制,为经济发展创造良好的金融环境。     

Migration and the household: Urban living arrangements in late 19th- to early 20th-century Russia

Examining population census data for the late 19th and early 20th century, this article examines the impact of rural–urban migration during the first wave of Russia's industrialization on urban living arrangements. The author finds effects that echo the experience of other industrializing nations, notably the proliferation of board and lodging arrangements, and phenomena that are more peculiar to the Russian situation. Notably, the system of landholding and associated legal and fiscal constraints complicated migrants' separation from the village and put a premium on cyclical and return migration rather than outright urbanization. These conditions were conducive to the formation of collective non-family households of labour migrants, artely, which were an important mechanism for cutting living expenses and increasing the share of earnings remitted to the village and the family household back home.     

Attitudes Toward Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Moscow,Russia

This study examines attitudes towards violence against women among the populace in Moscow, Russia using data drawn from the Moscow Health Survey. Information was obtained from 1,190 subjects (510 men and 680 women) about their perceptions of whether violence against women was a serious problem in contemporary Russia, and under what circumstances they thought it was justifiable for a husband to hit his wife. Less than half the respondents thought violence was a serious problem, while for a small number of interviewees there were several scenarios where violence was regarded as being permissible against a wife. Being young, divorced or widowed, having financial difficulties, and regularly consuming alcohol were associated with attitudes more supportive of violence amongst men; having a low educational level underpinned supportive attitudes among both men and women. Results are discussed in terms of the public reemergence of patriarchal attitudes in Russia in the post-Soviet period.     

中俄检察官参与民事诉讼浅析

俄罗斯联邦检察机关作为护法机关之一,其参与民事诉讼活动以新修订的《俄罗斯联邦民事诉讼法》等法律法规为依据,通过在民事诉讼活动中职权与职责的运用,体现其既作为原告或原告代表人或代理人,又发挥法律监督职能的护法机关的双重身份.我国检察机关作为独立的司法机关,参与民事诉讼活动也有充分的法律依据,这不仅是对检察监督的完善和补充,也通过检察官作为当事人或诉讼参加人身份参与民事诉讼的特殊方式,遵循了"意思自治"原则,经职权法定化和职能设置后,对我国司法建设具有重大的意义.     

俄罗斯政府职能演变下的预算制度改革

向市场经济的转轨使俄罗斯政府职能发生了根本性的转变,政府调控经济的工具也由计划经济时期的指令性计划、行政管制和所有权控制转变为公共预算。社会经济转型中出现的一系列社会矛盾和冲突,如社会公平、环境污染、医疗教育、社会保障等,都需要通过预算加以解决和保障。在这种情况下,实行预算制度改革,建立新的预算机制成为俄罗斯近年来政治经济改革的全新热点和中心。     

Rising Russian-Western Tensions in the Global Security Context

Tensions between Russia and the West have grown increasingly apparent in recent years. This can be demonstrated in Moscow＇s ideological confrontations with the West, the intensifying rivalry over military strategic force, the fierce geopolitical confrontation, and grave contentions over energy resources between the two. The author concludes that in short, rising Russia-US tensions can hardly be remedied. It is a matter of political significance that merits careful consideration by the international community.     

东北亚各国对俄罗斯远东地区的投资问题

俄罗斯远东地区地域辽阔，自然资源极其丰富，因此拥有吸引外资的资源优势，但由于存在不利于外商投资的诸多因素．吸引外资工作遇到困难。对俄罗斯远东地区进行投资的主要是东北亚各国。从投资规模、投资项目来看，日本在远东地区的投资堪称第一。韩国同俄罗斯的经贸合作Ｍ１９９１年起一直呈上升态势，两国计划在纳霍德卡自由经济区建Ｌ业园区。中国在远东地区有很多中资企业。但规模都比较小，且大多从事贸易。对世纪由于远东地区的自然资源具有独特的价值。东北亚各国将会以更高的热情开发它。     

地缘政治视角下的美俄中亚博弈——兼论对中国西北边疆安全的影响

随着国际能源供给的日趋紧张和能源价格的飙升,世界大国对能源的依赖也日显突出。能源资源储有量十分丰富的中亚地区,其地位和重要性也在世界能源供给的新形势下进一步得到确认,大国对该地区的争夺渐呈白热化。美俄之间在中亚地区的争夺主要表现在三个方面:一是石油与天然气资源的控制权之争;二是石油与天然气运输线之争;三是对该地区军事主导权的争夺。俄美之间的争夺与斗争,不仅威胁中亚地区政治稳定,也给中亚相邻地区和国家、特别是我国西北边疆地区带来安全隐患。中亚地区国家只有积极开展经济一体化合作,增加相互信任和共同利益,才能使大国无机可乘,才能使该地区经济在安全轨道上健康发展。     

中国与俄罗斯对外贸易与双边贸易发展比较分析

中国与俄罗斯在经济转型过程中,随着两国对外开放程度的不断提高,对外贸易与双边贸易都有不同程度的发展,但表现出较大的差异性;俄罗斯进出口贸易发展相对较为平稳,表现出激进式转型中的稳定性对外开放特征;虽然中国已经是俄罗斯商品的重要出口市场,但俄罗斯商品在中国市场上仍然面临着不确定性和其他国家的竞争,中俄双边贸易对俄罗斯的重要性明显高于对中国的重要性。