突发事件中警察权行使的宪政思考——以社会安全事件处置为视角

突发事件尤其是社会安全事件直接影响着我国社会的稳定与和谐,作为维护国家安全和社会治安秩序的警察,在突发事件的预防与应急准备、监测与预警、应急处置与救援、事后恢复与重建等活动中,是恢复社会秩序和安全的重要力量之一。同时,警察在突发事件中的权力行使又不可避免地会在一定程度上限制公民的权利和自由。因此,在突发事件中,警察权与公民权的关系实际上反映了宪政上国家权力与公民权利之间的博弈。     

A Nash Threat Game of Passing Through Exchange Rate Mechanism II

Following entrance into the European Union, Central Eastern European Countries (CEECs) are expected to join the European Monetary Union (EMU). These countries may incur considerable costs over the course of their passing through the required Exchange Rate Mechanism II (ERM-II). However, with enough bargaining leverage, CEECs may be able to pass some of these costs on to current EMU members. In turn, a CEEC's leverage depends on its ability to wield successful brinkmanship via an exchange-rate policy characterized by a “threaten-thy-neighbor” strategy. A two-stage Nash-threat game captures the essentials of the CEECs' phase of ERM-II pass-through.     

东亚经济一体化和TPP——中日之间的博弈

近年来,东亚地区经济发展和经济合作关系十分紧密,东亚经济一体化有了一个初步的尝试。然而,长期以来,由于各种经济因素和非经济因素的影响,这一过程并不顺利。特别是近期热烈讨论的所谓TPP问题,中日就存在博弈关系,从而影响东亚经济一体化进程。通过一个简单的博弈论模型的分析,可以得出的基本结论是:中日两国要么都加入TPP,要么都不加入,只有一方加入时对另一方不利。因此,中国应该观望东亚经贸关系,伺机而动,同时努力提高自身的竞争力。     

Restricted Charitable Donations and the “Cy Pres” Doctrine

Courts apply the cy pres doctrine to best approximate deceased donor restrictions when these become illegal or impossible to carry out. I show, in a model of strategic donations, that a commitment to further protect deceased donor restrictions attracts more funds today at the price of inefficient allocation of funds tomorrow. The analysis identifies the benefits and costs of relaxing the doctrine, suggesting that a more flexible application by properly balancing its impact on present donations and future efficiency concerns, if feasible, would better serve to promote intergenerational social welfare.     

中央与地方政府关于土地政策的博弈分析

在现行土地政策博弈中,由于地方政府处于信息优势和操作优势地位,使得中央的土地政策往往难以发挥保护耕地和农民利益的功能,形成一种管制和征地的恶性循环。因此必须着力提供保护农民土地权益的制度性政策,包括建立让地权所有者直接参与市场交易的机制、消除地方政府“土地财政”激励、修改土地相关法律等。     

以博弈论视角探究侦查讯问中供述的自愿性

新《刑事诉讼法》已经颁布实施,其中规定的“不得强迫任何人证实自己有罪”被许多学者认为具有里程碑的意义。但是出于追诉犯罪的需要,侦查机关不可能在讯问中放弃获取犯罪嫌疑人供述的努力,而犯罪嫌疑人出于自身利益的考虑,也不可能毫无阻抗的供述自己的犯罪行为,在这样一对矛盾体中,如何在不违反法律规定的情况下获取犯罪嫌疑人的供述就成为侦查机关在讯问中首要关心的问题。     

Domestic scrutiny of European Union politics: Between whistle blowing and opposition control

Some European law proposals are subject to scrutiny by national parliaments while others go unchecked. The analysis in this article indicates that the opposition scrutinises European Union law to gather information on the proceedings inside the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament. Yet whereas strong opposition parties scrutinise highly politicised law proposals, weak opposition parties tend to scrutinise those proposals that are negotiated under the non‐transparent fast‐track procedure. In addition, there is ample evidence that the leading minister initiates scrutiny in order to strengthen his or her intergovernmental bargaining leverage. Yet, this Schelling Conjecture presumes that the party of the minister is located between the expected bargaining position in the Council and the coalition partner. Any other domestic interest constellation could lead to scrutiny motivated by whistle blowing. However, an issue's salience helps us to separate the whistle blowing from the Schelling Conjecture.     

Sam Fisher and the “war on terror”: an analysis of Splinter Cell in a post-9/11 context

This article examines the values and attitudes present within the 2002 video game Tom Clancy’s Splinter Cell, and the methods employed to convey them. It compares the game’s message with the rhetoric contained in the Bush administration’s post-9/11 “war on terror” narrative. A qualitative content analysis of a Splinter Cell “game movie” and gameplay sessions is undertaken to examine the messages communicated through elements of simulation and representation. This article finds that Splinter Cell and the “war on terror” narrative express similar perspectives of terrorism and counterterrorism. First, both exaggerate the physical and normative threat of terrorism, and portray it as overwhelmingly powerful. Second, both sources justify violent counterterrorism action through claims of necessity, urgency and self-defence. Third, violence is consistently portrayed as effective for achieving the desired objective. Finally, violence and military action are represented as simple solutions that ultimately lead to victory over terrorism. The parallels between the messages within Splinter Cell and the “war on terror” rhetoric indicate that the game was shaped by the post-9/11 culture in which it was developed. More significantly, however, Splinter Cell perpetuates and legitimises the “war on terror” narrative by conveying its message through an immersive interactive environment.     

“和而不同”:全面深化改革需要的共识智慧

在全面深化改革的今天,凝聚改革共识必须贯彻一种"和而不同"的思维方式,在承认差异、个性的前提下寻求共同利益。凝聚改革共识,必然会使人民的合理利益诉求在改革进程中得到充分彰显,必然能为改革提供强大的思想动力。     

企业劳动关系运行规则与工会博弈空间

在我国由计划经济向市场经济转型的过程中,虽然在国家法律制度的设计中,将工会作为企业内平衡劳动关系的主要制衡力量,赋予了代表和维护劳动者合法权益的制度要求,但企业改革的操作路径,却使资方对于企业规章制度的制定具有了单方面的控制权,造成了企业内劳动关系运行规则资方单决的局面.宏观层面的法律对于企业劳动关系运行规则的“软性”...