从思想建设到“五位一体”——对党建具体内容历史演变的简单述评

党的建设的具体内容,从一开始的思想建设、政治建设、组织建设,到十七大确定的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、制度建设和反腐倡廉建设＂五位一体＂的党建总体布局,经历了一个不断发展和成熟的过程。回顾这一过程,有益于我们深化对各大建设内在逻辑和党建学说的学理性认识。     

城市管理学的基础理论体系

城市管理有自然属性,也有社会属性;既要配置城市资源,也要调整城市社会关系。相应地,城市管理理论应该包含狭义的城市管理理论和城市理论两部分,前者关于如何诉诸于科学方法,以实现城市各种要素合理配置和功用最大化;后者揭示了城市现象和城市问题中蕴含的社会关系和社会本质,表明了城市问题的解决所要调整的社会关系。总结城市管理学的学科理论,是本学科发展的需要,而对目前教学和教材中欠缺的城市理论尤要进行整理,以防止城市管理片面追求科学理性,忽视城市管理中的人文因素和社会属性。     

Researchers’ Industry Experience and Productivity in University–Industry Research Centers: A “Scientific and Technical Human Capital” Explanation

We examine the impact of researchers’ previous industry experience on the research outputs and outcomes of university faculty affiliated with NSF and DOE research centers. Using a dataset combining curriculum vita and surveys, our results indicate significant differences between the researchers who have previous industry experience and those who do not. Using a simple model of research productivity, we found that academic researchers who had prior industry exposure produce fewer total career publications, but they support more students. Most important, and perhaps surprising, we could not establish any difference between the two groups’ publication activity when focusing on a five-year cross-section (years 1996–2000) rather than total career publications. We found statistical evidence that previous industry experience raised the annual publication productivity of junior faculty members and women researchers in our sample of research center personnel. We believe the unique blend of research center affiliation, academic post, and past industry experience gives an individual who embodies or possesses all three characteristics a diverse source of scientific and technical human capital and particular advantages over those who have no industry experience (though the “academic-only” set also has particular advantages in cumulative publishing productivity).     

构建和谐背景下的地方政府公共关系

我国政府公共关系已经取得了明显的成效,但仍然存在政府公关主体自身认识不足;公众的多样性造成政府公关的偏失;传播沟通渠道不畅等严重问题。构建社会主义和谐社会,我们应当树立并强化公关意识;理顺公众关系,多办实事,取信于民;注重公共关系传播,完善协调沟通机制。     

国际直接投资的变化及对国际经济关系的影响

二十世纪九十年代以来 ,全球化进程加快 ,跨国直接投资对此起了较大的推动作用。跨国直接投资呈现出新的特征 ,本文分析了国际直接投资的新变化及对国际经济关系造成的影响。     

合同漏洞法理研究

合同漏洞就是合同的客观规范内容不能准确和完备地描述与交易有关的所有未来可能出现的状态以及每种状态下合同各方的权利和义务 ,这是因为交易条件的不可证实性与不可观察性而存在的合同成本产生的。合同漏洞补充的基础是诚信原则导致合同关系的扩大 ,法官依据当事人的合同关系进行合同利益分配。合同漏洞补充的规则有合意补充、交易习惯补充、任意性法律规范补充和合同解释补充。但为控制法官的合同解释权力 ,应当完善合同漏洞补充的规则     

语言实施的性别围困——权力话语下的"第三性"

"第三性"是当今社会对女博士的代称。它是对追求独立,实现自我价值的高学历女性的一种排斥和异化现象在语言上的反映。女人往往被称作"第二性"或"他者,"女博士从女人这个群体中被排挤了出来,成为"他者中的他者"。这个二度他者化的过程体现了社会心理和文化通过大众话语来掌控社会的事实。福柯关于话语和权力的关系理论表明话语(语言)是众多的大众维护、重组社会秩序的有效机制,权力通过话语发挥作用,话语的流通又进一步加强了权力。"第三性"一词的出现和流传是男性强权统治受到挑战时的话语应对机制运作的结果。此外,语言本体论的观点表明语言不但反映世界,而且语言就是社会现实。所以,"第三性"这一语言形式直指女博士困窘的现状,它表明我们有赖于语言维护、打破、重建社会秩序,人类和语言共存。     

Optimism, Pessimism, and Coalitional Presidentialism: Debating the Institutional Design of Brazilian Democracy

Research on Brazil's political institutions has gone through several phases since democratisation in 1985. In the early years of democracy, pessimism prevailed with regard to governability. This view gave way in the mid-1990s to a more optimistic view that stressed two innovations of the Constitution of 1988: enhanced presidential power and centralised legislative procedure. In recent years, a third phase of research has shifted attention to the crucial role of inter-party alliances. These analytical approaches have converged into an emerging research programme on 'coalitional presidentialism', which places executive-legislative relations at the centre stage of macropolitical analysis. This article reviews the three phases of the debate and reflects on future research agendas.     

考量我国离婚后的扶养制度

目前,离婚后的扶养制度在我国以《婚姻法》第42条为核心,以最高人民法院司法解释有关规定为补充,形成较为完备的体系。但是,对于扶养之要件、扶养的变更、救助性扶养的客体、补偿性扶养等规定不甚详细。因此,研究并完善离婚后的扶养制度仍具有较强的现实意义。     

The German Civil Code of 1896: An Economic Interpretation

The 19th century has seen some large codifications, several of which such as the Code de Napoleon of 1804 and the German Civil Code of 1900 have shown remarkable longevity. This article deals with the economists' influence on the German Civil Code of 1900. It is argued that the economists played an important role in re-shaping the Code, that this was even a concerted effort, and that Otto von Gierke's legal doctrine proved to be particularly viable for the introduction of economic ideas into legal reasoning.