农村女性婚姻迁移者社区融合的基本状况及影响因素探析--基于1011名调查对象数据的实证分析

使用自行编制的“农村女性婚姻迁移者社区融合调查问卷”对1011名农村女性婚姻迁移者进行测量的数据分析结果显示，农村女性婚姻迁移者的社区融合没有达到较好水平；影响农村女性婚姻迁移者心理融合的因素呈现多样性，目前是否在工作、房子类型、公婆是否同意外娶、婚龄、城乡、是否适应迁入地自然环境、是否了解丈夫家庭、迁移是否有遗憾、是否考虑到迁移困难、是否有困难、面对困难是否积极、回娘家情况、娘家人来婆家情况、迁入地是否有朋友等因素对农村女性婚姻迁移者社区融合有显著性影响。应从多方面提升农村女性婚姻迁移者的社区融合水平。     

From cultural sojourner to guestworker? The historical transformation and contemporary significance of the J-1 visa Summer Work Travel Program

Since the mid-1990s, the J-1 Summer Work Travel (SWT) program has quadrupled in size. While many J-1 visa holders are in the U.S. to study or conduct research, the primary activity of SWT participants is low-wage labor. We analyze the trajectory of the SWT program since its origins in the Fulbright-Hays Act, underscoring both change and continuity in the practical and discursive handling of what are, in effect, guestworkers. Our analysis reveals both longstanding concerns about the SWT program’s risks to foreign and domestic workers, as well as repeated efforts by U.S. government officials and private sector stakeholders to justify its status as cultural exchange rather than temporary work. Yet despite these concerns, over the last two decades, the SWT program has become larger and less regulated. We explore these changes in the context of two contending forces shaping the labor market: on the demand side, a transformation in the organization of work towards ‘fissured’ workplaces and contingent employment, and, on the supply side, limited access to foreign labor due to political gridlock over comprehensive immigration reform. We conclude that the SWT program both reflects broader trends in managed migration and embodies the model of flexible migrant labor many employers now demand.     

迁徙自由的限制：学说、规范与实践

对迁徙自由的保障，是人类社会进步的必然要求，我国明文入宪也是必然趋势，又因为社会秩序、社会利益以及公民其他权利的保障也是法治的内涵，故对迁徙自由加以合理限制本即迁徙自由的应然之意。基于对迁徙的“自由层面”与“限制层面”这两者之间紧张关系的考量，将按照阿列克西的基本权限制理论对迁徙自由从“保障——限制——违宪阻却事由”三个层次加以分析，并将在对德国和美国的迁徙自由限制的宪政实例进行分析的基础上，探讨我国现行户籍制度是否属于对迁徙自由限制，最终对户籍制度这一迁徙自限制政策如何改良等问题提出见解。     

武汉城市圈户籍制度现状及改革构想

武汉城市圈的户籍制度改革对于推动圈内的经济发展及实现中部崛起的战略具有重要意义。目前武汉城市圈内各城市间的户籍制度存在差异、人户分离现象严重,公民的许多权益难以保障,城市化进程受阻,因而应从渐次放宽户口迁移限制、健全以居住地为主的户口登记制度,推进城市圈内人口信息现代化的进程,使武汉城市圈户籍制度改革更臻完善。     

Soft and hard law in times of crisis: budget monitoring,migration and cybersecurity

Abstract

European integration is associated with the idea of an ‘ever closer Union’, achieved in part through ‘integration-through-crisis’. However, while crises have led to higher regulatory pressure, responses to these crises have not always taken the form of stronger commitments and legally binding rules. Based on the study of three policy areas recently affected by crises, this article aims at analysing why in one of these policies (migration) more soft rules have been adopted, while the two other policies have evolved towards a greater use of hard law (budget monitoring, cybersecurity). Three potential explanations are analysed: the intensity of crises impacting political systems; the quality of prior norms and their (perceived) implementation; the entrepreneurship and heterogeneity of the coalition. Although all of these factors have explanatory powers, the capacity of policy entrepreneurs to build a large coalition appears to be the central explanation.     

把迁徙自由纳入宪法的探究

本文提出,应该把迁徒自由作为全面建设小康社会的一项制度安排纳入宪法。发展社会主义市场经济需要迁徒自由,提高我国农业劳动生产率也需要迁徒自由,发展我国社会主义民主政治和加强政治文明建设更需要迁徒自由。在迁徒自由方面存在的这样那样的思想顾虑是不必要的。现在是我国经济发展最好的时期,也是恢复迁徒自由以宪法地位的最佳时机。     

论一国两制下的粤港澳人口迁移

从粤港澳人口流动及其管理的历史、现状及其发展趋势考虑,为了实现两制下三地人口合理的长期流动和共同发展,需要充分加强政府合作和政策对接,调整赴港澳定居人口的素质比例,深化深圳、珠海特区职能,同时,采取相应的户籍管理政策,保证新移民在内地继续生活、工作的环境。     

迁徙自由的宪法学分析

关于迁徙自由 ,需要从权利的层面入手 ,对迁徙自由究竟是不是公民基本权利的有机组成和应有之义、究竟宪法上要不要明确规定公民的迁徙自由、迁徙自由入宪的时机和利益冲突 ,以及如何为其提供司法上的保护即宪法司法化问题 ,做一些探讨     

城市民族的多样化--以少数民族人口迁移对城市的影响为例

民族的历史和城市的历史一样源远流长。1980年以来,中国城市里的流动和常住少数民族人口约有900万左右,已形成了成百上千大大小小的居住群落,城市民族形成多样化格局。城市中少数民族迁移者并不只是被动地适应城市,他们在就业和创业过程中也给城市做出了巨大的贡献。他们也是城市建设和发展不可缺少的生力军。     

Refugee Return Migration: Return Migration from Sweden to Chile, Iran and Poland 1973 1996

In this paper, return migration from Sweden to three sourcesof refugee immigration is analysed, with a focus on the effectof political change in 1990. Chilean immigrants reacted morestrongly to political liberalization in the home country thanPolish immigrants did, primarily due to more favourable economiccircumstances in Chile compared to Poland in the 1990s. In fact,the increase in Polish return migration propensity after 1990is not statistically different from the Iranian increase, inspite of the absence of political liberalization in Iran. Thereare significant cohort differences within the Chilean group,indicating an element of economically motivated migration withinthe last waves of Chilean refugee immigration in the late 1980s.Hence, successful implementation of schemes of voluntary returnmigration for refugees will not only be dependent on an improvedpolitical situation in the source country, but will also behighly dependent on economic circumstances.