基于胜任力视角的边检队伍能力建设研究——以旅客检查岗位为例

基于胜任力视角研究边检队伍能力建设问题,具有十分重要的现实意义。基于胜任力视角推进边检队伍能力建设的对策包括:改进思想政治工作方法,致力于培养民警与边检队伍宗旨相一致的核心价值观;发挥制度文化的支撑作用,促进民警持久保持胜任岗位的核心价值观;创新边检专业培训工作机制,提高民警胜任岗位的综合能力;构建科学有效的绩效评价机制,为民警增强岗位胜任力提供持续动力。     

国际形势的回顾和展望--写在2005年行将结束的时候

2005年除中日关系更加复杂外,大国关系相对平稳;全球主要热点特别是伊拉克和中东地区的紧张局势仍在持续;恐怖主义活动还在全球蔓延;在经济领域,全球经济仍保持着快速增长的态势,其中东亚仍然是发展最快的地区.此外,2005年的国际形势还有4大特点一是一场关于如何看待和应对中国崛起的大辩论正在全球范围内展开;二是自然灾害贯穿全年,可谓"天灾年";三是发展问题更加突显;四是和平、发展、合作正在成为一股不可抗拒的历史潮流.中国已经成为推动全球和平、发展、合作的重要力量.展望2006年,国际形势的上述特点还会继续表现出来.     

The nature of human aggression

Human aggression is viewed from four explanatory perspectives, derived from the ethological tradition. The first consists of its adaptive value, which can be seen throughout the animal kingdom, involving resource competition and protection of the self and offspring, which has been viewed from a cost–benefit perspective. The second concerns the phylogenetic origin of aggression, which in humans involves brain mechanisms that are associated with anger and inhibition, the emotional expression of anger, and how aggressive actions are manifest. The third concerns the origin of aggression in development and its subsequent modification through experience. An evolutionary approach to development yields conclusions that are contrary to the influential social learning perspective, notably that physical aggression occurs early in life, and its subsequent development is characterized by learned inhibition. The fourth explanation concerns the motivational mechanisms controlling aggression: approached from an evolutionary background, these mechanisms range from the inflexible reflex-like responses to those incorporating rational decision-making.     

Towards the Law &; Economics of development: Ragnar Nurkse (1907–1959)

The purpose of this essay is, first, to suggest Ragnar Nurkse as a Law & Economics thinker, and second, yet more importantly, to demonstrate the possibility and desirability of a Law & Economics of Development along Nurksean lines. Ragnar Nurkse (1907–1959), whose 100th birthday is celebrated in 2007, is one of the founding fathers of classic development economics. Given the recent interest in the Law & Economics of development, showing how a classic figure in the field successfully used such an approach might be of considerable interest, especially as development economics is a very emotional field which may well profit from the ‘objectivizing’ function of Law & Economics. Nurkse’s economics-based realism, his focus on what effect a program really has, rather than what it is supposed to have, and on what a policy can steer or change and what not, based on a typically Stiglerian attention to aggregate welfare, seem especially productive. Finally, the essay suggests a set of Nurkse-based principles or theses for a Law & Economics of Development.

深入学习实践科学发展观推动学院工作全面发展

在深入学习实践科学发展观活动中,中国井冈山干部学院始终坚持把学习实践活动同推进学院科学发展相结合,进一步解放思想,形成了以下共识：深刻领会科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质,是学习实践科学发展观的重要基础;开展深入学习实践科学发展观活动,是推动学院又好又快发展的迫切需要;切实做好“发扬传统、发挥优势、发展特色”工作,是推动学院科学发展的基本途径。     

The natural history of extended co-offending

Most criminal acts are committed in very small groups or alone, and are repeated sporadically. But that is not always the case. Co-offending can include larger groups, cooperating sequentially or simultaneously, knowing each other or at least knowing about one another. We may use the term “extended co-offending” to subsume varieties of crime organization, crime networks, gangs, and criminal clusters. Extended co-offending also includes vaguely organized crime repetitions, and is a matter of degree. Criminal cooperation can be extended in time, space, numbers of persons involved, and types of criminal action. The extension process has a very wide span of possibilities. Drawing ideas from Max Weber and others, this paper suggests that the natural history of criminal cooperation progresses in four stages, with steeply decreasing prevalence: (1) primordial clusters of offenders, (2) small-scale charismatic leadership of offenders, (3) a medium-scale patrimonial system of offenders, and (4) and an extended patrimonial system of criminal cooperation. Primordial co-offending occurs on a very local level, with little or no hierarchy or systematic repetition. Extended criminal cooperation usually requires personal trust among offenders, favoring patrimony over formal organization.     

Institutions and Economic Performance: The Use and Abuse of Culture in New Institutional Economics

Important research programs within New Institutional Economics advance culturalist arguments to explain failures of economic development. Focusing on the work of Douglass C. North and Avner Greif, this article argues that such arguments rely on an essentialist conception of culture that is both historically inaccurate and analytically misleading. Greif’s work in particular rests on a selective use of empirical data that ultimately distorts the deductive models that are at the core of his work. As a result, both scholars use culture to account for outcomes that are more adequately explained as the product of social conflict and political struggles—struggles in which culture plays a far more contingent and destabilizing role than the one they attribute to it. What is needed, I argue, is to link arguments about the persistence of inefficient institutions with a sociologically informed conception of culture as an ensemble of resources that enhance rather than constrain the scope of individual agency. To come to terms with the effects of culture on institutional formation and change it is necessary to replace the essentialism articulated by North and Greif with a strategic-instrumentalist view in which culture is compatible with a wide spectrum of economic behaviors, individual actions, and thus institutional trajectories.

Institutions and Development in Latin America: A Comparative Analysis

We review the theoretical literature on the concept of institutions and its relationship to national development, propose a definition of the concept, and advance six hypotheses about institutional adequacy and contributions to national development. We then present results of a comparative empirical study of existing institutions in three Latin American countries and examine their organizational similarities and differences. Employing the qualitative comparative method (QCA) proposed by Ragin, we then test the six hypotheses. Results converge in showing the importance of meritocracy, immunity to corruption, absence of “islands of power,” and proactivity in producing effective institutions. Findings strongly support Peter Evans’ theory of developmental apparatuses.

东北振兴中地区文化产业的发展策略

东北振兴的过程,是计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转换的过程,同时也是文化注入工业、文化经济的含量在社会生产结构中的比重逐步提高的过程。由于受历史传统、地理环境以及计划经济体制等因素的影响,东北存在着技术装备落后、产业结构"老化"等问题。与之相应,人的思维方式、行为方式、文化观念等也存在"老化"现象。因而,东北文化产业的深度拓展,既是东北振兴的重要内容,也是推动东北振兴的强大动力。     

合理开发利用配置水资源实施可持续发展的治水新思路

水资源短缺与浪费日益突出 ,影响水资源的可持续利用 ,制约经济社会发展。根据我国和茂名地区的实际 ,搞好治水规划 ,实施可持续发展水利 ;强化城市防洪工程建设 ,保障经济社会的可持续发展 ;完善水利灌区网络建设 ,实现水资源的合理配置 ;突出水源保护和水污染防治 ,实现水资源的可持续利用 ;加大水的管理体制改革力度 ,提高用水效率 ,是解决水资源短缺和浪费 ,实现水资源可持续利用和发展的治水新思路。