Two Ecological Models of Academic Achievement Among Diverse Students With and Without Disabilities in Transition

School experiences can have positive effects on student academic achievement, yet less is known about intermediary processes that contribute to these positive effects. We examined pathways between school experiences and academic achievement among 117 low-income urban students of color, many with disabilities, who transitioned to other schools following a school closure. Using structural equation modeling, we tested two ecological models that examined the relationships among self-reported school experiences, school support, academic self-efficacy, and school-reported academic achievement. The model in which the relationship between school experiences and academic achievement is mediated by both school support and academic self-efficacy, and that takes previous academic achievement into account, was an excellent fit with the data. The roles of contextual and individual factors as they relate to academic achievement, and the implications of these findings, are discussed.     

Ethnic and religious variations in the reporting of racist victimization in Britain: 2000 and 2008/2009

The role of victimization in the generation of ethnic inequalities is increasingly acknowledged yet its impact on the lives of people with different religious affiliations remains underexplored. This is despite evidence of the importance of religion for forms of group identification and social mobilization. An exploration of the particular impact of religion as a focus for experiences of victimization may be particularly pertinent given the increasingly negative treatment of Muslim people since the riots in Britain of 2001, the terrorist incidents of 2001, 2004 and 2005 and the political and military responses to them. Cross-sectional analyses of data collected in 2000 and 2008/2009 explore whether there is evidence that the ethnic/religious patterning of reports of different forms of victimization have varied over time, after adjusting for the impact of age, gender, migration and socioeconomic differences between the groups. In 2000 Muslim people with different ethnic backgrounds were less likely, but by 2008/2009 were more likely, to report experiences of victimization than Caribbean Christians. However, the ethnic/religious patterning of perceptions of Britain as a ‘racist society’ were more consistent over time. This may suggest that, despite their increased exposure to victimization over the period, Muslim people in the United Kingdom have yet to experience the racialization characteristic of the treatment of Caribbean Christians, which requires a more prolonged exposure to racist negative attitudes. But this may be only a matter of time. The persistent expectation of poor treatment described by Caribbean Christians is testament to the difficulties of addressing these negative perceptions once racialized identities are embedded. Immediate action must be taken to prevent this occurring among other ethnic/religious minorities.     

公安院校大学生的职业认同与学业情绪研究

公安大学生职业认同在入学动机上表现为职业预期和学习生活适应性上的差异,对公安大学生学业情绪的影响主要有对警察的职业认知、职业情感和职业行为等三个方面的因素。公安大学生职业认同感的构建,需要培养大学生的警察意识、警务技能和警务行为素养,从而激发大学生积极向上的学业情绪。     

新形势下公民迁徙自由的保护及现实路径

在国际社会和各国宪法中,迁徙自由一直作为一项基本权利得到保护。1982年宪法没有恢复1975年宪法删除的公民迁徙自由条款,我国公民迁徙自由经历了肯定——否定——松动的过程,迁徙自由条款的发展变化是和社会发展状况息息相关的,在社会主义市场经济和城镇化进程的新形势下,保障公民迁徙自由、改革不合理的户籍制度成为越来越紧迫的要求。恢复迁徙自由在宪法中的地位,废除户籍登记条例,制定新的户籍法,为保障公民迁徙自由提供法律保障和制度支撑。     

论提升学术期刊核心竞争力

新形势对学术期刊的生存发展能力提出了更高的要求,应对挑战的必然选择是提升学术期刊的核心竞争力。有必要对核心竞争力的概念和特征进行新的解读,围绕影响核心竞争力提升的主要因素,从"理念铸魂、内容为王、人才是本、管理有道、创新至上"五个方面进行思考。     

学术论文中的学术失范、学术不端现象及其防范

目前辨别及防范学术失范和学术不端行为已成为学术期刊出版的一项重要工作。选取某学术期刊,对其来稿情况及利用《学术不端行为检测系统》比对的结果进行分析。结果表明,作者来稿中的学术失范和学术不端行为的产生既有主观原因又有客观因素,涉及到作者的学术态度、写作动机,对学术道德的认识,对引文标注、著作权法等相关规范和法律条文的理解,以及对网络媒体和纸质期刊之间关系的了解等各个方面。学术期刊的编辑,是学术论文发表的审核者和把关者,应该利用好《学术不端行为检测系统》,辩证地分析检测结果,提高辨别和防范学术失范及学术不端行为的能力,尽最大可能避免重复发表和剽窃之作流向社会。     

对我国户籍制度改革价值取向的反思

价值取向规定着户籍制度改革的理性方向和价值认同。城镇化是当前我国户籍制度改革的价值取向。本文通过对公民权利、市场经济、城镇化本身以及改革内生性四个层面的分析 ,认为户籍制度改革的价值取向不应该是城镇化 ,而应该重新界定为人口迁徙的自由。     

Mobility among Pentecostal pastors and migratory “miracles”

Taking into account space and identity in the movements of transnational religious actors, this article is engaged in reframing and reinterpreting experience by investigating the articulation of migratory and religious experiences as expressed by the pastors of four different Brussels-based Pentecostal congregations. The analysis of pastors' narratives, as they reassess the circumstances that brought them from Sub-Saharan Africa or Latin America to Belgium, reveals an interwoven process of geographical shifts and “divine” actions: this offers us an opportunity to consider an implied double process of mobility and religion. On the one hand, we can see how Pentecostalism transforms and subverts their immigrant experience by allowing for an alternate narrative of this experience. On the other hand, we can analyse the effect of the migratory experience on the discourse and religious practices in the new social context, more particularly through the identification of such “Children of God” with missionary duties towards their fellow immigrants. An analysis of the pastors' narratives also offers a particularly relevant opportunity to question the tensions between processes of endogenous identification (missionaries elected by God and working towards the extension of his “kingdom”) and exogenous assignment, repeated associations of otherness and strangeness, and the stigma coupled with pejorative characterizations of the “migrant”.     

Explaining the immigration policy mix: Countries' relative openness to asylum and labour migration

Western democracies have developed complex policies to manage migration flows. Much of the scholarly literature and political discourse assume that countries have become increasingly selective and that they prioritise economic intakes. Despite clear efforts by policymakers to distinguish between refugees and migrant workers, we know surprisingly little about how countries combine different policy dimensions and which factors shape their relative openness to different target groups. In this article, we shed light on how countries combine two of the main admission channels, asylum and labour migration, by introducing the concept of the ‘immigration policy mix’. A comparative analysis of 33 OECD countries between 1980 and 2010 examines the pattern and drivers behind their immigration policy mix: Does the policy mix follow a pattern of convergence, is it subject to political dynamics or is it path dependent? The results reveal that despite a shift in political sympathies from asylum to labour migration, countries' immigration policy mixes have strongly converged into more liberal policies overall. The immigration policy mix primarily reflects governments’ limited room to manoeuvre due to competing political pressures. These insights demonstrate that the immigration policy mix serves to enhance our understanding of countries’ complex regulation of immigration.     

论学术评价机制的完善

现代管理主义的兴起对学术产生了冲击,使得学术职业的传统和特有的价值理念受到了前所未有的冲击,使学术不端行为的产生成为必然。现行学术评价机制的缺陷主要包括考核指标体系不合理,评价方式和程序的异化。不合理的评价机制对学术不端起了推波助澜的作用。因此要建立新的学术评价机制;建立多样化的评价体系,使评价标准理性化。同时要建立正当的学术评价程序,学术问题只能由学者解决,专家评议必须有规范的程序。