Financial industry mobilisation and securities markets regulation in Europe

The 2007–2009 financial crisis has led to considerable debate about the role of financial industry actors in global regulatory processes. This article seeks to contribute to this debate by assessing when and why financial industry actors mobilise in order to influence securities markets regulations. Do these mobilisation patterns suggest undue influence by a small set of powerful industry actors, or do they reflect the engagement of a more diverse set of actors representing broader public interests? It is argued that variation in mobilisation patterns is a function of: (1) institutional opportunity (the openness and accessibility of regulatory politics); and (2) demonstration effects (how crises increase the salience of regulatory issues). Empirical analyses suggest that the financial crisis diminished the diversity of mobilising actors. This trend, however, is reversed when the news media disseminate information about the costs of weak financial regulation and thereby increase the salience of regulatory issues.     

武警部队立法问题探析

武警部队是我国一支重要的武装力量。随着武警部队任务职能的增多和专业化,仅仅以军事法作为武警部队管理和遂行任务的法律依据不够全面。结合武警部队的领导体制、性质职能和立法现状,完善武警立法是一个颇为重要的问题。     

试论罗亦农是反盲动主义的重要代表

罗亦农是中共早期的重要领导人。不少通用版的中共党史一般认为，罗亦农与瞿秋白一样犯有严重的左倾盲动主义错误。事实上，罗亦农认为南昌暴动、秋收暴动失败后，土地革命策略应转变为游击战争，建立革命根据地，建设苏维埃政权，准备暴动而不是“马上暴动”，这是反对盲动主义的。罗亦农的这些论断得到党中央的认可、采纳和推广。如果说瞿秋白是土地革命和武装斗争的主要领导人的话，那罗亦农则是一线革命斗争的主要领导人，是党中央与毛泽东等一线指战员的联络部。那时的“盲动”现象存在于个别地区而不是存在于中央，存在于个别暴动而不是所有暴动中。长期被指责为“盲动主义”的十一月扩大会议，并没有形成一条“左”倾的盲动主义（即冒险主义）路线，罗亦农的反“盲动主义”，正是中央领导集体反对包括盲动主义在内的各种机会主义的重要组成部分。     

幕末政治家河井继之助的思想与实践

河井继之助是日本幕末时期一名十分活跃的政治人物,其生平事迹、政治理念独具特色,具有积极的历史意义.他于乱世应对强大外来压力,治理本地区手法独到,功绩卓著;其特立独行的政治主张和远见卓识虽因其功败垂成,湮没于历史长河中,但其所包含的公道开明的政治思想和国家观,对照明治时代的政治及之后的发展演化,对于审视日本近代化历程,研究日本近现代政治史具有独特的参考作用.     

打赢未来信息化战争,取得最大军事效益的法律途径 --论武装冲突法的艺术运用

纯军事手段的战争 ,是外行的战争。在军事斗争中自觉运用武装冲突法 ,把“斗法”和“斗兵”紧密地结合起来夺取战争的胜利 ,已经成为一项重要的现代战争指导艺术。法律战是打赢未来信息化战争 ,取得最大军事效益的重要法律途径 ,在未来作战中将发挥直接的战斗功能。我军要适应未来战争需要 ,必须在实战中学会娴熟运用武装冲突法 ,既严格遵守 ,又灵活实施 ,以最有利“保存自己 ,消灭敌人”的方式行使武装冲突法赋予的权力 ,保证自己军事上不吃亏、法律上站得住。进而以战争的合法性支撑战争的正义性 ,以法律支柱强化精神支柱 ,最大限度地赢得和巩固军心、民心 ,提升整体作战能力。     

Word on the Street: The Persistence of Leftist-dominated Protest in Europe

Classic studies of protest politics have traditionally defended the dominant left-wing orientation of protesters. However, some recent research has highlighted the general spread of protest by the increasing participation of right-wing individuals. Has this process meant an ‘ideological normalisation’ of protesters? The present article tackles this question by examining competing hypotheses regarding the relationship between ideology and political protest. Through a hierarchical multilevel design, the article tests whether left-wing (or right-wing) supporters are more likely to stay at home when left-wing (right-wing) parties are in power and whether they intensify their protest activities when they are more distant from the government’s ideological position. The article shows that left-wing individuals protest more under right-wing governments than under left-wing governments and yet, they are the group which protest the most also under left-wing governments. Both party mobilisation and values appear to be behind these individuals' greater propensity to participate regardless of the governments' ideological orientation.     

The Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding Ten Years on: Critical Reflections and Stimulating Ideas on an Evolving Scholarship

ABSTRACT

The Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding celebrates its tenth anniversary this year. This special volume opens up with a selection of nine of the most influential articles published in the journal. JISB's editorial team has asked the authors for their reflections on their original articles, telling us more about the writing process at that time, what they would do differently (with hindsight), or how they see their articles contributing to current debates on intervention and statebuilding. We have selected one article per volume, and we have ordered the contribution starting from volume 1 (2007) to volume 9 (2015). The articles will be made open access for the year, and we highly recommend (re-)reading the original articles along with the comments from the authors.     

非国际性武装冲突中惩治战争犯罪问题探讨

对战争犯罪的惩治,在国际社会中是一个十分复杂的问题,当这些犯罪行为发生的非国际性武装冲突中时尤其如此。在国际性和非国际性武装冲突中,战争犯罪的惩治都有国内惩治和国际惩治两种模式。非国际性武装冲突中的战争犯罪应当采用国内惩治的模式,应当由国内军事司法机关专属管辖,并应对相应的法律法规予以补充和完善。     

军事法概念新论

治军之法不独有军事法,宪法和一般法律也是依法治军的重要依据,但军事法无疑是治军更为直接的法律依据.弄清军事法的概念这一基础性问题,对军事法的学科发展和依法治军都具有十分重要的意义.目前,我国学者对军事法的概念尚未形成一致的认识,而正确认识军事法的实质和正确区分"军事"与"国防"这两个概念,对理解军事法是调整武装力量内部关系的法律规范的总称这一认识,是最为关键的.