Japanese Network Capital: The Impact of Social Networks on Japanese Political Participation

Recent scholarship shows that social capital has a large influence on political behavior. Social capital’s definition includes trust, norms of reciprocity, and social networks. Most studies, however, ignore the networking component. Here, we test the influence of social networks on political participation using new Japanese survey data. We separately test the effects of involvement in formally organized voluntary associations and informal social networks. We also examine whether hierarchical networks have a different impact on participation than equal relationships. To determine if networks with bridging or bonding social capital affect participation differently, we also measure the openness to outsiders of these networks. Negative binomial regression models indicate a strong positive relationship between formal and informal social networking—including network hierarchy and some forms of openness—and political participation.     

迁移创业型家族企业:对存在的和生成的社会资本的利用

在各种社会关系网络中,关系网络作为社会资本在迁移创业型家族企业的资源配置和发展中占有重要的地位,亲缘网络是"先赋性"的社会资本,商业关系上的"结构洞"是"获得性"的社会资本。家族企业在发展中会面临信任、规范管理及发展规模等问题。     

国有资本控制公司中国家工作人员刑法甄别疑难问题研究

国家出资公司中国家工作人员的身份确认不限于委派,更应强调国有资本代表权的授予。任命主体也不限于国有单位,国有资本控股、参股公司可以对国有资本运作的公务权力授权。国有资本控制公司中具有双重身份人员的主体认定,实际上无法根据其利用职务便利的性质进行研判,而应从国有资本是否实际受到侵蚀或实际损害的结果角度予以审视。     

大卫·哈维“时空修复”理论的建构与考量

大卫·哈维作为新马克思主义城市理论的代表人物一直以敏锐的观察力和独特的视角而著称,他提出的"时空修复"理论以历史唯物主义空间理论为切入点,通过案例分析与政治经济学的解读阐释了空间视域的重要价值,分析了时间推移与空间扩张、地理重组是当代资本主义处理过度积累和经济危机的重要方式。"时空修复"理论的建构与发展有着深刻的时代背景和重要的学术研究价值,对其进行深入研究对我们分析全球化时代的世界局势和中国发展道路提供了重要的借鉴。但"时空修复"理论也有一定的局限性,需要辨识与思考。     

中国债务结构的演变:基于时间序列的实证研究

虽然我国依然是银行主导的金融市场格局,但企业债券市场也获得长足的发展。我国总体债务结构正在演变,其中企业债券和银行贷款、国债以及股票融资额之间到底有何关系?与此同时,我国的宏观经济环境近20多年发生了巨大变化,一些重要的经济指标如央行基准贷款利率的调整更趋向市场化、经济的货币化程度迅速提高,这些因素是否真正影响到我国宏观债务结构?本文采取时间序列实证分析影响中国债务结构演变的宏观经济因素,分析整体债务结构与宏观经济变量之间的关系,以此理解我国银行主导融资下企业债券发展的演变规律。     

Does social capital increase public support for economic globalisation?

The dominant explanation of public attitudes vis‐à‐vis economic globalisation focuses on re‐distributional implications, with an emphasis on factor endowments and government‐sponsored safety nets (the compensation hypothesis). The empirical implication of these theoretical arguments is that in advanced economies, on which this article focuses, individuals endowed with less human and financial capital will be more likely to experience income losses. Hence they will oppose economic openness unless they are compensated by the government. It is argued here that including social capital in the analysis can fill two gaps in explanations relying on factor endowments and the compensation hypothesis. First, generalised trust – one key aspect of social capital – constitutes a personal endowment alongside human and financial capital. Second, structural social capital – another key aspect of social capital – can be regarded as a nongovernmental social safety net that can compensate for endowment‐related disadvantages of individuals. Both aspects of social capital are expected to contribute, for distinct reasons, to more positive views on economic openness. The empirical testing relies on survey data for two countries: Switzerland and the United States. For both countries, the results indicate that generalised trust has a strong, positive effect on public opinion of economic globalisation, whereas structural social capital has no effect.     

Alcohol and Drug Mitigation in Capital Murder Trials: Implications for Sentencing Decisions

Analyses of the impact on sentencing when alcohol and drug‐related mitigation is used in the sentencing phases of capital murder trials is virtually absent from the existing literature. The present study addresses this by exploring the effect of having mitigation with alcohol and drug themes accepted in a large sample (n = 804) of capital murder trials in North Carolina. Logistic regression analyses that include a number of relevant control variables reveal no substantive impacts of having alcohol mitigation accepted by capital murder juries, but drug mitigators that were either accepted or rejected by juries were associated with an increased risk of receiving a death sentence. Possible reasons for the results and their implications are discussed and suggestions are made for further study of the effects of alcohol/drug mitigation in capital trials.     

Community Risk Management of High-Risk Sex Offenders in Canada: Findings From a Quasi-Experimental Study

Although considerable controversy surrounds capital punishment, there is no disagreement about the injustice of executing innocent persons. While critics of the death penalty have cited the risk of executing the innocent as a reason for its abolition, adherents have dismissed the risk of error as negligible, if not inevitable, and insufficient reason to halt capital punishment. Still others have proposed or enacted reforms designed to minimize the risk of erroneous capital convictions and sentences and, hence, allow executions to go forward in deserving cases in which doubts about guilt have largely been eradicated. In this article, we examine the principled tensions that accompany attempts simultaneously to safeguard the innocent from execution while promoting the objectives of capital punishment. We focus, in particular, on reforms recently incorporated into Maryland’s death penalty law. We suggest that the existing tensions between protecting the innocent from execution and promoting the objectives of capital punishment are so pronounced that attempted reconciliation of the competing interests is difficult to defend, either in principle or in practice.     

当前我国新农村建设中人力资本投资探析——基于舒尔茨的人力资本理论视角

十八届三中全会提出要让广大农民平等参与现代化进程、共同分享现代化成果,而社会主义新农村建设是农民全面享有现代化成果的最重要途径。但在新农村建设过程中,农民科学文化素质较低、医疗卫生条件较差、"二次就业"困难等问题都制约着新农村建设的顺利开展。充分运用舒尔茨的人力资本理论,对于解决我国新农村建设过程中存在的人力资源问题具有重要的启示。