机动车强制责任保险中投保人危险增加通知义务之探讨——以机动车使用性质之变更为例

机动车在使用的过程中风险会发生变化,如改变其使用性质等。当机动车面临的风险增加时,投保人是否有通知保险人的义务,新实施的《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》无明文规定。结合我国《保险法》的相关规定,可以认为,投保人仍有危险增加的通知义务;未履行该通知义务的,保险人并不免除赔付责任;保险人在向受害人赔付后有权对投保人进行追偿;在投保人履行了通知义务后,保险人不得解除合同。     

Kenya's corruption problem: causes and consequences

The culture of corruption has grown roots in Kenyan society at large and become endemic. Institutions, which were designed for the regulation of the relationships between citizens and the State, are being used instead for the personal enrichment of public officials (politicians and bureaucrats) and other corrupt private agents (individuals, groups, and businesses). Corruption persists in Kenya primarily because there are people in power who benefit from it and the existing governance institutions lack both the will and capacity to stop them from doing so. This work takes a governance and development perspective to analytically examine the causes and consequences of corruption in Kenya. It identifies the key factors (such as absence of strong and effective democratic institutions, centralised power, lack of public accountability, and impunity) and synthesises and analyses available data, indicators, and other information in that regard.     

The price that US minority communities pay: mass incarceration and the ideologies that fuel them

Mass incarceration of minorities has generated alarming attention. This concern is a result of the massive social injustice perpetrated by the ideologies that force mental and physical imprisonment on the poor. The outcome of this social injustice generates punitive inequalities that become entrenched in US social experiences. Once incarcerated, an individual carries a permanent label that brands him/her as an eternal ‘criminal’ and deactivates him/her from mainstream society. This translates into exclusion from responsible educational and occupational participation. Disadvantaged members of minority groups caught in this unforgiving social imprisonment often turn to the underground economy, which, unfortunately, increases the possibility of arrest, or re-arrest. The imprisoning ideology that stereotypes the disadvantaged community, leads to increased incarceration, hypersegregation, social abandonment, and creates a theater for venomous law enforcement practices. The impact of mass incarceration and the ideologies that sustain them on disadvantaged minority communities is the focus of this examination.     

The remote securitisation of Islam in the US post-9/11: euphemisation,metaphors and the “logic of expected consequences” in counter-radicalisation discourse

This article critically analyses the securitisation of Islam post-9/11 in the US and argues that this securitisation is a remote securitisation whereby the securitisers – the security practitioners – are placed at a distance from the securitisees – the Muslim community. This is achieved through two processes of security practice: linguistically by euphemising language and using metaphors, and analytically by understanding radicalisation through a rationalist perspective, which follows the “logic of expected consequences”. This article further problematises the rationalist view of radicalisation in the counterterrorism sector in the US and concludes by introducing a Bourdieusan concept of relationality to critical counter-radicalisation studies.     

Beyond ethics and evidence: Learning to look at the intended and unintended consequences of our actions

The human service professions have traditionally taken a narrow perspective on what constitutes ethical and effective practice. We are taught to use simplistic code-based models to judge whether our actions are ethical and in-the-moment measures to determine if we are being effective. If we observe no harm in the period of our intervention, then we believe our actions are ethical. Similarly, if we observe some positive change, then we believe our interventions are effective. However, when we examine our work within a broader context and over a longer period of time we can come to different conclusions. This article illustrates several problems with these current methods and suggests alternative ways of examining ethics and effectiveness.     

论结果加重构成犯概念的提倡

在我国刑法中应当提倡结果加重构成犯的概念,刑法分则中以结果出现为犯罪成立要件的,不一定都是结果犯,而可能是结果加重构成犯。对于滥用职权罪和玩忽职守罪等罪来说,实质上包括双层次的危害结果,属于结果加重构成犯的范畴,其罪过形式类似于结果加重犯的罪过形式。     

煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视罪的司法定位变化与刑事应对

煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视罪在立法之初保护的是公民的民族平等、团结的民主权利,但近年来该罪出现了被恐怖组织所利用,危及社会稳定,甚至引发严重暴力恐怖活动的趋势。本罪作为应对恐怖主义犯罪罪名体系的基础性罪名,与涉及恐怖主义犯罪的煽动分裂国家罪,组织、领导恐怖组织罪等罪名在司法上相结合形成阶梯式罪名体系。由此,在立法上应当提升该罪的分则地位,加重法定刑,在司法上应树立对煽动民族仇恨、民族歧视罪危害后果的正确认识。     

树立依法治国理念依法实施侦查行为

依法治国是社会主义法治的核心内容,树立依法治国的理念,就是在全社会和全体公民,特别是执法者中养成自觉尊重法律、维护法律权威、严格依法办事的思想意识.在刑事程序法领域贯彻依法治国理念,就是坚持刑事程序法定原则.在侦查实践中,违背刑事程序法定原则任意实施侦查行为是一个不容忽视的问题,不仅事关一个国家的法治进程,而且对当事人、侦查人员、证据材料和案件事实均可能造成不利影响,因此有必要采取有效措施予以遏制.     

论行政调查中相对人协助义务及其权利保护

行政调查程序中,相对人的协助会明显提高行政调查的效能,帮助行政机关查明真相,以促进其公共职能的实现。但协助本质上属于一种相对义务,有强制性协助和非强制性协助之分。因此,相对人在一定情况下享有拒绝协助的权利,而且拒绝协助的法律后果也应该根据不同的情况区别对待。