中国山区土地资源保护、开发与利用

中国是一个世界山地大国，国土面积的近70％是山地，大量农村人口分布其中，集中了中国的贫困地区。山区土地资源丰富、利用程度低、开发潜力大。生态问题突出、经济发展落后、人民生活贫困是山区土地利用关注的焦点。根据山区土地利用特点，依托现代科学技术与经济社会发展契机，建议按生态优先原则发展山区现代特色农业，加强山区土地利用规划、技术、工程标准的研究，科学、规范、有序地进行山区土地的保护、开发与利用。改善山区农民生活，促进山区发展。     

邓小平“三农”思想与建设社会主义新农村

邓小平关于农业、农村、农民(以下简称“三农”)思想是邓小平理论的重要组成部分,是毛泽东思想关于“三农”理论在新的历史条件下的继承和发展。邓小平“三农思想”极大地丰富了马克思列宁主义的理论宝库,为社会发展和人类进步作出了伟大贡献。     

如何消除宗族势力对我国农村基层党建的影响

当前复兴的宗族势力对我国农村的基层党建已造成严重影响,主要表现在宗族意识对党员干部的影响、宗族组织向党组织的渗透、宗族利益同党的方针政策的对抗、宗族权力对党的领导的威胁四个方面,而且,这种影响有进一步恶化的趋势。文章认为对宗族势力应采取“有保有压”的方法,从而最大限度地减少它对农村基层党建的影响,为党的农村基层建设提供有利的环境。     

也谈加强对农民工合法权益的保护

为了切实保障农民工的合法权益, 应加强对农民工的技能培训, 以适应经济结构调整、生产技术改进的需要; 要采取强有力的措施, 杜绝拖欠农民工工资的现象; 规范职介所等劳动中介机构, 加强对劳动力市场的监管。     

Bright Lights,Big Cities? Metropolisation,Intergovernmental Relations,and the New Federal Urban Policy in Switzerland

Disparities between increasing urban economic power and cities' limited political autonomy have put pressure on intergovernmental relations in many countries. Some authors have claimed that this process leads to a strengthening of the position of cities with respect to higher state levels such as regions or the nation state. The aim of this article is to test this hypothesis for the case of Switzerland. In the first part, we show that, due to the existing intergovernmental framework, the current dynamics of urbanisation (which we describe as “metropolization”) have produced specific problems for governance in Swiss urban areas: spillovers in the distribution of costs and benefits, new political cleavages between core cities and surrounding communes, as well as increasing autonomy conflicts between cities and cantons. In the second part, we argue that initiatives taken in order to tackle these issues of urban governance have contributed to transforming Swiss federalism. “Politikverflechtung” is increasing in urban areas. In particular, the new federal urban policy has introduced a new vertical dimension of co‐operation between cities, cantons and the Confederation. Although Swiss cities have gained new influence in the process, we conclude that cantons still hold the key position. Therefore, like other federalist countries, Switzerland has not experienced a considerable strengthening of urban governments with respect to higher levels. Nevertheless, current developments in this area can be seen as a move away from the hierarchical pattern of co‐operative federalism towards a more heterarchical pattern of multi‐level governance in Swiss intergovernmental relations.     

从战略高度认清城乡统筹发展的大趋势

统筹城乡经济社会发展 ,是党中央科学把握世界各国现代化发展的一般规律 ,深刻总结建国以来特别是改革开放后我们党处理城乡关系问题的经验教训所做出的重大战略决策。实行这一决策对推动城乡繁荣 ,国民经济持续快速健康发展 ,实现全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标 ,均具有十分重要的战略意义     

贯彻十六大精神 实现山区公安工作新跨越

山区公安机关在全面建设小康社会的进程中面临维稳工作的复杂性、治安形势的严峻性、安全隐患的多样性、涉毒违法犯罪的严重性、群众法制意识的淡薄性、警务保障的滞后性等形势,必须做到观念求新、工作求实、改革求效、执法求公、保障求力、队伍求严,努力实现公安工作新跨越的目标.     

贫困地区发展经济的几个误区

改革开放以来,我国在解决贫困问题上取得了伟大成就。但一些地区的贫困问题依然严重,一个重要的原因是其经济社会发展思维往往定势于环境、资源、投资等要素,发展观念未能走出误区。在当代,解决贫困地区的经济发展问题,必须走出观念的误区。     

Cross-Border Trade and “the Market” between Xinjiang (China) and Pakistan

ABSTRACT

A significant part of China-Pakistan cross-border trade falls within the category of shadow economy. Most Pakistani traders in Xinjiang cannot afford to ship containers through the Khunjerab Pass and rather carry the goods purchased in China with them on the daily buses to Sost, Pakistan, thus avoiding customs duties. This form of border economy, though falling outside of the regulatory regime, is far from being informal. Rather, it is based on a network of contacts on both sides of the border and made possible by the particular institutional and infrastructural setting of the area. Based on long-term fieldwork in both Xinjiang and Pakistan, this article shows the complexity of these transactions, their transnational nature and the performativity that characterises them. It also highlights the role of online technologies and social networks in the cultivation of those relations, and the ability of traders to navigate often-changing norms and the flows that characterise the market. Eventually, the article suggests a new definition for “the market” as it emerges from the experience of traders in Xinjiang. For them the market is neither simply based on trust, social relations and the continuous flow of information; nor does it correspond to the global, culture-free market economy     

Organised Informality and Suitcase Trading in the Pearl River Delta Region

ABSTRACT

Suitcase trade is a common activity along state borders in Asia. Existing scholarship has often viewed such suitcase trade as locally embedded activities characterised by informality. This article contends that this perception underestimates the diversity and complexity of suitcase trade. This is illustrated with a case study of the Pearl River Delta region of southern China, where thousands of suitcase traders carry goods across the borders between mainland China and its two Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macao. Several patterns of operation run in parallel, ranging from petty traders working alone to highly-organised group operators. While each individual transaction is small scale and based on informal networks, the entire chain of operations is run by syndicates that are highly organised, commercial, with well-defined divisions of labour, and on a large scale. We describe such a combination of organisational competence and informal networks as “organised informality.” The concept allows us to expand the analytical horizon to cover those cross-border exchanges that incorporate modern commercial practices in otherwise non-formal settings. It also bridges the oft-criticised dichotomies of formal-informal and licit-illicit.