Youth activism and dignity in post-war Mostar – envisioning a shared future through heritage

ABSTRACT

This paper looks at youth activism in Mostar through a specific action occurring in 2016, when an electric substation was overpainted in the neighbourhood of Rudnik. The project highlighted the rights of the miners to emphasize that other than ethnic identities can be brought forward through cultural heritage. The paper aims to broaden the spectrum of heritage values to encompass the concept of dignity. The monument served to induce a sense of dignity on two levels. Firstly, people were given the agency to influence the monument. Secondly, the monument emphasized workers’ identity, which is currently silenced in the public space.     

侦查行为与尊严

侦查权力与人的尊严有直接的宪政勾连。侦查行为以手段、对象为标准可以大致上区分为具体侦查行为和抽象侦查行为。这两种侦查行为及其下级子行为都与尊严有具体的直接关系。制度上设置司法审查,人心上践行儒家“忠恕之道”,通过制度与人心的互动,才能充分保障侦查程序中人的尊严。     

论"以人为本"的宪法涵义

现行宪法的第四次修改体现了"以人为本"的修宪观,以人为本不仅禁止国家权力侵犯人的尊严,而且要求国家积极保障个人有尊严地生存、发展的条件.从历史上考察,以人为本的思想在当代有着崭新的内涵,与传统的人本思想有着本质的区别,亦涵盖了西方宪政史中"人的尊严"的理念,其核心意义在于明确国家和人民之间的关系,确立国家最高价值在于人权保障的观念.     

人性尊严与农民平等权的保护

人性尊严伴随着人类的产生而产生,其之于人的如此重要作用,决定了它在宪法和人权保障中的核心地位。然而,农民的弱势处境导致其平等权利的落空,并在此基础上产生了侵害农民人性尊严这一社会现象,该现象的存在违背了人性尊严在主体、内容及目的方面的价值要求。因此,为消除其带来的不利影响,在尊重客观现实的前提下,课负农民、市民与国家以相应的义务,是保护农民平等权,进而维护农民人性尊严的现实路径。     

The flip side of ISP’s liability regimes: The ambiguous protection of fundamental rights and liberties in private digital spaces

Since the inception of the Internet, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have been used to segment cyberspace and make it possible for national states to apply their local laws to conduct having effects within their borders. This is true in particular in the realm of intellectual property. When one looks at the national regulatory regimes supposedly framing the behavior of ISPs, there appear to be more similarities than differences at a first glance. Does this mean that the national or regional legal frameworks regulating the behavior of ISPs, which are increasingly considered to be the sword of public authorities, should be identical in all legal systems? Is it not true that the content of these national or regional legal frameworks regulating the behavior of ISPs should partly depend upon the local trade-offs among conflicting fundamental rights and liberties? Indeed, private power can jeopardize the exercise and the very core of individuals’ prerogatives as much as public power and priorities vary from one legal system to another. This paper therefore seeks to highlight the dependence of national regulatory modes framing the conduct of ISPs upon the strength of certain fundamental rights and liberties. More precisely, while the first part aims to explore the influence of certain fundamental rights and liberties upon the regulatory modes set up by national legislators, and in particular free speech, from the perspective of the user-to-user relationship, the second part of this article is devoted to the protection of these fundamental rights and liberties from the perspective of the intermediary-to-user relationship. It shows that at least within two legal systems the dependence described initially is in reality altered by the prevalence of the intermediary’s interests, even if the latter are in part affected by a recent trend towards more state interventionism. As a result, national solutions appear to be less innovative than foreseen.     

Dignity or discrimination: what paves the road towards equal recognition of same-sex couples in the European Union?

Abstract

The article analyses possibilities for the Court of Justice of the EU to go beyond its current narrow approach towards same-sex couples’ rights within the EU non-discrimination law framework, considering a comparative treatment of dignity-based arguments. It critically reviews the CJEU’s current approach exclusively focusing on direct discrimination and the comparator paradigm. By doing so, the Court has tolerated a situation of de facto discrimination and limited advancement of same-sex rights. The question is then whether the situation could be overcome if the CJEU would follow other courts and develop reasoning based on dignity to underpin the EU non-discrimination analysis with substantive meaning. The article rejects this proposition. Dignity is not suitable because it is both too wide and to narrow to ensure certainty and substantive protection within EU non-discrimination law. While the concept of dignity protects a minimum standard and can provide a floor of rights, non-discrimination law fosters equality by imposing procedural standards and challenging measures that effect groups differently. The concepts should thus not be conflated. Instead, a consistent application of the concepts of direct and indirect discrimination seems more promising.     

性骚扰现象的法律思考

性骚扰日趋成为我国备受关注的一个社会问题,我国法律对性骚扰的干预力度不够,在一定程度上可以说是导致性骚扰得不到有效遏制的重要原因之一。因此,尽快建立和完善我国预防和惩治性骚扰的法律体系已成为当务之急。     

论人性尊严的宪法保障

人性尊严是人权的最高价值,也是人权保障的核心,它倡导只有人才是终极关怀,人决不能沦为国家或他人的手段或工具,人性尊严的主张不仅要求人的生物性存在,而且要求更进一步关怀人的生存面貌与价值,使人的存在本身成为生命中最崇高的意义。人性尊严滥觞于基督教,后来成为人本主义的精髓,历经文艺复兴后逐步演变为现代宪法的核心价值追求。实现并保障每个人享有作为人的尊严,是宪法保障基本人权的主要目的。     

社会性别视角下的性骚扰定义浅析

本文从社会性别视角出发对国内外学界有关性骚扰的定义进行分类和梳理,分析目前学界在性骚扰定义上的一些特点和异同点,目的在于从各种性骚扰的定义中剖析和归纳性骚扰的实质,为深入研究性骚扰的防治打下基础。