GC-MS检测新型策划毒品K3

目的基于气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）检测结合特殊质谱库信息检索建立新型策划毒品的鉴定方法。方法未知样品用甲醇超声溶解,吸取上清液采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用仪检测。结果测得A组分（t R=19.47min）的质谱特征碎片峰（m/z）信息为215.1（基峰）、144.9、294.1、337.1和365.1,B组分（tR=23.29min）的质谱特征碎片峰（m/z）信息为359.1（基峰）、127.1、144.0、155.0、232.1、284.1和342.0。经美国缉毒署毒品分析谱库检索获得的信息资料,鉴定为新型策划毒品＂K3＂,其主要组分为＂AKB48＂和＂AM2201＂,此类化合物具有大麻类似精神活性,归属合成大麻素。结论本方法可用于新型策划毒品组分的鉴定。     

FTIR法在微量物证检验中的应用

本文利用FTIR法对交通肇事案件相关微量物证进行定性比对检验分析。在实际案件应用中表明,其检验分析结果准确可靠,其鉴定结论可认定或排除交通肇事嫌疑车辆。FTIR法的检验分析结果,可以为反映案件真实情况提供证据,鉴定结论可作为审理此类案件的证据,同时也可为民事索赔提供依据。     

公共政策实验室:21世纪的综合政策分析环境

运用公共政策理论、系统方法论和现代信息技术 ,建构公共政策实验室 ,能够有效地弥补我国现实公共政策制定中社会参与的组织化程度低、各种利益的表达和沟通不充分等体制与机制性缺陷。本文以北京交通拥堵问题为例 ,提出了公共政策实验室的概念 ,对公共政策实验室的人员构成和政策实验过程进行了初步探讨 ,最后分析了其作用和价值。     

交通肇事之自首与行政法之义务的关系辨析

在最高人民法院颁布《关于处理自首和立功若干具体问题的意见》肯定了交通肇事罪中"自首"的存在空间。不能因为行政法规规定了报告义务而认为排斥了刑法评价中的自首情节,行政法上规定的义务不能够简单"移植"到刑法中。把交通肇事后报警并保护现场的行为作为自首情节的评价不仅不与行政规定冲突、不违反禁止重复评价原则,也符合罪刑相适应原则,还有利于保护犯罪嫌疑人的合法权益和节约司法成本。     

对一起交通肇事案的评析

案例教学法在刑法学教学中有助于提高学生的分析能力及灵活运用各种刑法理论处理案件的能力,但若案例的案情过于简单,所涉及的刑法理论知识点太少,不宜作为案例教学的素材,所以案例的选择是案例教学法的前提。这里试分析一个需综合运用众多刑法理论才能正确定罪量刑的交通肇事案件,以期为教师同行们提供教学参考,对学生们学习刑法理论有所启发,为一线从事司法实践的法律工作者提供借鉴。     

On the ubiquity of drug selling among youthful offenders in Washington,D.C., 1985–1991: Age,period, or cohort effect?

We present a multiple-cohort analysis of rates of participation in drug offenses versus other crime in an urban sample, based on official charge data on young adults from the Pretrial Services Agency in the District of Columbia for the years 1985 to 1991. We make lower-bound estimates of how many individuals from particular population groups residing in the District are involved in drug-related criminal activities, examine trends in drug and nondrug charges in Washington, D.C., and disentangle the age, cohort, and period effects in the variation in participation in drug offenses across multiple birth cohorts in the city. We estimate that up to 30% of the young, black male populationof the District of Columbia were charged with drug distribution during this time. Charge rates for drug distribution activities appear to peak around age 24, decreasing slowly thereafter. Large and nonlinear period effects were observed for all drug-related charge rates, while increasing linear period effects were found for nondrug misdemeanors. Cohort effects in drug-related charge rates were also observed. Levels of participation in drug distribution charge rates were lower for older cohorts, while the cohort share with a drug possession charge declined for younger cohorts. However, when age and period effects are included in the models, these cohort effects are muted or disappear, except in the case of nondrug misdemeanors.     

制造毒品罪疑难问题之解析

在理论上,制造毒品包括质与量上的毒品生产以及毒品的加工,其本质是使毒品从无到有地产生、增加毒品的危害性。在司法实践中,应当严格区分毒品的种植、生产与制造。分装毒品、毒品的混合、稀释毒品、在毒品中掺入杂质等行为是否属于制造毒品,则要根据具体情况分别定性。     

Changing patterns of drug and alcohol use in fatally injured drivers in Washington State

We have previously reported on patterns of drug and alcohol use in fatally injured drivers in Washington State. Here we revisit that population to examine how drug use patterns have changed in the intervening 9 years. Blood and serum specimens from drivers who died within 4 h of a traffic accident between February 1, 2001, and January 31, 2002, were analyzed for illicit and therapeutic drugs and alcohol. Drugs when present were quantitated. Samples suitable for testing were obtained from 370 fatally injured drivers. Alcohol was detected above 0.01 g/100 mL in 41% of cases. The mean alcohol concentration for those cases was 0.17 g/100 mL (range 0.02-0.39 g/100 mL). Central nervous system (CNS) active drugs were detected in 144 (39%) cases. CNS depressants including carisoprodol, diazepam, hydrocodone, diphenhydramine, amitriptyline, and others were detected in 52 cases (14.1%), cannabinoids were detected in 47 cases (12.7%), CNS stimulants (cocaine and amphetamines) were detected in 36 cases (9.7%), and narcotic analgesics (excluding morphine which is often administered iatrogenically in trauma cases) were detected in 12 cases (3.2%). For those cases which tested positive for alcohol c. 40% had other drugs present which have the potential to cause or contribute to the driver's impairment. Our report also considers the blood drug concentrations in the context of their interpretability with respect to driving impairment. The data reveal that over the past decade, while alcohol use has declined, some drug use, notably methamphetamine, has increased significantly (from 1.89% to 4.86% of fatally injured drivers) between 1992 and 2002. Combined drug and alcohol use is a very significant pattern in this population and is probably overlooked in DUI enforcement programs.