Employment After Prison: A Longitudinal Study of Former Prisoners

Finding sustained employment is an important component of the transition from prison to the community for exiting prisoners. Anecdotal reports from former prisoners indicate that most individuals experience great difficulties finding jobs after their release. However, little systematic information is available about the employment experiences of individuals released from prison or the characteristics of former prisoners who are successful in locating employment. Using a causal framework, this paper examines the employment experiences of a multi-state sample of former prisoners, and identifies the individual factors influencing the likelihood of employment after release from prison, using data gathered from interviews with prisoners before and at multiple times after release. Findings indicate that consistent work experience before incarceration, connection to employers before release, and conventional family relationships improve employment outcomes after release. Individuals who relapse to drug use quickly after release, have chronic physical or mental health problems, and are older or nonwhite are employed fewer months after a period of incarceration.     

Zhou Tiehai：It Is not Difficult to Make Art

正ZHOU Tiehai is an extraordinary facilitator and clever conceptual artist.Both of these traits have made him a successful contradiction in the contemporary Chinese art world of the past12 years.He has encouraged a younger generation of artists to think about new and unique approaches to identifying themselves.A graduate of the Shanghai College of Fine Arts in painting and design,     

论代工工厂模式的法律规制

近年来,我国代工工厂与日俱增,在促进就业和增加税收的同时,也引发了环境污染、工人自杀、工厂爆炸、工伤等一系列社会问题,备受公众和学界的关注,建议出台相关法律对代工工厂模式进行规制.事实上,解决这个问题的关键在于如何认定原始设计制造商与代工工厂及其劳动者的法律关系,它们既相互独立又存在一定管理和被管理关系.因此,应当以雇佣合同对代工工厂模式进行具体的法律规制,从而明确代工雇佣合同的内涵、特征、法律效力.当损害发生时,通过损害赔偿请求权来保障代工工厂、劳动者、第三人的合法权益,促进代工工厂在中国健康、和谐发展.     

CHANGES IN CRIMINAL OFFENDING AROUND THE TIME OF JOB ENTRY: A STUDY OF EMPLOYMENT AND DESISTANCE

Does employment promote desistance from crime? Most perspectives assume that individuals who become employed are less likely to offend than those who do not. The critical issue has to do with the timing of employment transitions in the criminal trajectory. The turning point hypothesis expects reductions in offending after job entries, whereas the maturation perspective assumes desistance to have occurred ahead of successful transitions to legitimate work. Focusing on a sample of recidivist males who became employed during 2001–2006 (N = 783), smoothing spline regression techniques were used to model changes in criminal offending around the point of entry to stable employment. Consistent with the maturation perspective, the results showed that most offenders had desisted prior to the employment transition and that becoming employed was not associated with further reductions in criminal behavior. Consistent with the turning point hypothesis, we identified a subset of offenders who became employed during an active phase of the criminal career and experienced substantial reductions in criminal offending thereafter. However, this trajectory describes less than 2 percent of the sample. The patterns observed in this research suggest that transition to employment is best viewed as a consequence rather than as a cause of criminal desistance.     

船员劳动关系和劳务关系的理论解读

船员劳动关系问题具有不同于其他劳动关系的特殊性和复杂性.针对船员劳动关系的特点,对雇佣关系、劳动关系、劳务关系、事实劳动关系等法律关系进行了辨析,认为船员与船员服务机构之间应建立劳动关系,船员与外籍船舶所有人之间的雇佣关系由准据法调整,船员与中国船舶所有人之间的雇佣关系或称劳务关系由民法调整.同时指出,有效的海事行政监管措施有助于确认并统一船员与船员服务机构之间的劳动关系.     

加入WTO与共青团工作的思考

去年 12月 ,中国正式成为世贸组织新成员。入世后 ,中国的社会、经济面貌将会发生许多变化 ,共青团工作也随之要面对许多新的工作领域。这些工作领域主要有 :重视青年人力资源的开发 ;组织农村青年 ,搞专业化生产、产业化经营 ;帮助青年开拓就业渠道 ;引导青年树立新的观念。     

解惑大学生就业难:基于需求导向的思考

功利主义大学观和功利主义就业观有其存在的需求基础,大学生就业难在很大程度上是由个体经济理性选择导致的集体行动悖论。因此,应从现代大学生以及用人单位的需求出发,不断扩大大学的投融资渠道;加强与用人单位在人才培养、教学实践以及专业能力考察和认证上的合作;根据用人单位的需求制定大学生就业发展规划,并将其融入大学生的整个培养过程,促进"大学生学业"的能力而非功利导向;推进"大学生就业"的发展和规划导向而非简单模仿的集体行动导向。     

The Weakness of Strong (and Weak) Ties: Obtaining a Government Job

ABSTRACT

Between merit principles and social contacts, how they facilitate individuals to obtain a government job in the United States remains unsettled. Based on a survey administered via Amazon Mturk, this study finds that merit-based selection constitutes the most significant means to obtain public jobs, particularly so in state and local governments despite of sizeable respondents claiming other venues. The use of social contacts, including both strong and weak ties, shows little advantage on obtaining public employment but proves significant in private organizations. Controlling individuals’ previous job obtaining experience, the study contends that variations on job obtaining methods can be reasonably attributable to institutional distinctiveness that features different rules, procedures and regulations. Merit principles are kept alive in governments, though challenges persist, particularly so in federal government. The study ends up with a discussion of research findings and their implications in HR practices.     

“女性发展与性别平等--中德比较研究”研讨会综述

对“女性发展和性别平等”理论与实践进行中德之间的比较研究,既能增进彼此了解,又可促进相互学习。回顾历史,中德两国妇女运动的产生有着各自的时代背景以及不同的发展路径。当代女性形象未能摆脱刻板僵化的性别角色模式,并常常受到媒体和商业化误导的影响。在女性就业方面,德方专家强调了“贯穿整个生命周期的性别平等”理念,中方专家则提出了提高女性就业质量、女性平等获取资源、为家庭工作平衡提供政策支持等建议。全球女性主义起源于上世纪80年代,旨在拓宽女性主义思想的范围;而社会性别主流化作为联合国促进性别平等的全球战略,20多年来在中国取得了诸多方面的成就,同时也面临着挑战。     

新世纪以来我国女大学生就业研究领域计量分析

对 CNKI 数据库中2000年至2015年女大学生就业研究领域的1440篇文章进行计量分析的结果表明,新世纪以来对我国女大学生研究领域关注度日益增强,2012年研究热度有所降低;高产作者主要分布在华东、华北、华中地区,且作者更倾向于独自发表文章;高产研究机构主要分布在江苏、湖北、山东、新疆、北京等地区;该领域的合作广度、深度都较低;来源期刊具有明显的女性研究、就业及教育研究的特征;研究热点主要集中在性别歧视、就业困境、对策、就业指导、就业现状、就业心理、就业能力上。